utyuty

1905 movie network news The suspense thriller directed by joe wright and starring amy adams is scheduled to be released in North America on October 4, 2019, and "Sirius" Gary Oldman has decided to join.

　

The Woman in the Window is adapted from A·J· Finn’s best-selling novel of the same name. It tells the story of Anna (played by amy adams), a child psychologist who suffers from agoraphobia and has been living in seclusion in her home in the suburbs of new york for several months. Anna drinks at home every day, watches old movies and even spies on her neighbors. However, the new neighbor Russell’s family of three moved in and broke Anna’s original life. In the process of spying on her new neighbor, Anna witnessed a murder with her own eyes, which made Anna’s world begin to fall apart. No one around Anna, including the police, wanted to believe what she said, so that Anna herself had doubts.

　

It is reported that Gary Oldman will play the role of the "father" in this family, and will cooperate with the director again in this film. Earlier, Odeman made a face-changing performance in "The Dark Hour", which surprised the audience. "I didn’t recognize Sirius at all", and this performance is also very exciting.

Editor’s note:The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years to take advantage of the situation to start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century, and it is also the launching period for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and building a digital China. Recently, the Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, and the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, together with relevant departments, formulated the Digital Rural Development Action Plan (2022-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). The Action Plan puts forward the development goals, key tasks and safeguard measures of digital villages during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, and comprehensively deploys the work of digital villages. In order to make the community better understand the main contents of the Action Plan, the Central Network Information Office organized relevant experts and scholars to study and interpret the key tasks of the Action Plan, and jointly promoted the construction of digital villages to a new level.

In today’s era, a new round of industrial revolution characterized by digitalization and intelligence is booming, and a new generation of information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence are accelerating the infiltration and integration with agriculture and rural areas, pushing China’s agriculture to the era of smart agriculture. Recently, 10 departments, including the Central Network Information Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, jointly issued the Digital Rural Development Action Plan (2022-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), clearly proposing the "Smart Agriculture Innovation and Development Action" to accelerate the development of smart agriculture. Developing smart agriculture is an important content of digital village construction, and it is also an urgent need to solve China’s "three rural issues" and build a new international competitive advantage of modern agriculture, which has a significant guiding and promoting role for China’s agricultural modernization and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.

I. What is smart agriculture?

Smart agriculture is a digital agricultural mode formed by the deep integration of modern information technology and traditional agriculture.On the basis of information technology and advanced equipment, smart agriculture is an agricultural form that realizes accurate perception, intelligent control and intelligent management of production process, and pursues higher resource utilization rate, higher labor productivity and better experience in agriculture.

Smart agriculture is an advanced form of modern agriculture.Smart agriculture, characterized by data, systems and intelligent equipment, is deeply integrated with production factors such as land, animals and plants, and production tools in traditional agriculture, realizing accurate production operations, independent management decisions, and chain-like industrial upgrading, and promoting agriculture to enter a new era of modern agriculture with convenient production, efficient management, and industrial coordination.

Smart agriculture has distinct characteristics of digitalization, systematization and intelligence.According to the field, smart agriculture will form many production types, such as smart planting, smart aquaculture, smart processing industry, etc. According to the application scenario, smart farms, smart greenhouses, smart processing plants and other places will be formed, but no matter which form, it is inseparable from core elements such as big data, advanced systems, intelligent equipment and digital infrastructure. Smart agriculture is a brand-new way of digital industry, which allows machines and systems to actively perceive information, make quantitative decisions, intelligently control and provide personalized services through the deep integration of modern information technology and agriculture.

Second, why should we develop smart agriculture?

In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have taken the development of smart agriculture as an important content in major strategic arrangements such as building a digital China and implementing the rural revitalization strategy. In September 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan (2018-2022), proposing to "vigorously develop digital agriculture and implement smart agriculture projects". In May 2019, the Central Office and the State Council issued the "Outline of Digital Rural Development Strategy" and made the strategic deployment of "building science and technology agriculture and smart agriculture". In March, 2021, the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Outline of Long-term Goals to 2035 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to "accelerate the development of smart agriculture and promote the digital transformation of agricultural production, operation and management services".

Smart agriculture is the commanding height of the world’s modern agricultural development competition, a major strategic measure to reshape China’s modern agriculture, and an important starting point to promote the rapid development of agricultural and rural industries. The Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with relevant departments, have continuously promoted the development of smart agriculture, constantly defined objectives and deepened contents. To speed up the development of intelligent agriculture, we should deepen our understanding from the current and future aspects.

At present,Intelligent agriculture is an important way to solve the practical problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers. With the improvement of agricultural production level and the deepening of rural reform in China, various risks and structural contradictions are also accumulating. For example, the constraints of agricultural resources and ecological environment are tightening day by day, and the mode of agricultural development needs to be changed urgently; The structural and temporal contradictions between supply and demand of agricultural products have increased; The production cost of agricultural products is high, the input is large, and the agricultural benefit is low and unstable. The application of next-generation information technologies such as Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence can achieve accurate control of agricultural production, promote high-quality development of agriculture, and achieve strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers.

In the future,Smart agriculture is an effective way to solve the sustainable development of agriculture in the future. There is a serious shortage of young and middle-aged rural laborers in China. The average age of agricultural workers in some provinces is close to 60 years old. If we continue to use traditional production methods, the problem of "who will plant the land" will become more and more prominent. To solve the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency and low income of farmers in agricultural production, we need to make good use of information technology as a new means. Through the independent operation of the machine and the intelligent decision-making of the system, the tiring farm work is handed over to the machine and the worrying things are handed over to the system to achieve higher output, lower cost and better quality of agricultural products.

Third, how to develop smart agriculture

The construction of smart agriculture is a long-term process, which requires laying a solid foundation, grasping the key points and breaking through the difficulties, so as to form the development road of smart agriculture with China characteristics. The Action Plan puts forward clear deployment and requirements.

Lay a solid digital foundation for smart agriculture.Continue to speed up the construction of information infrastructure, improve the level of network layout in rural areas, coordinate resources such as remote sensing satellites, build an agricultural space-based network, and form an agricultural remote sensing observation capability with routine monitoring and rapid response; Accelerate the construction and application of big data in agriculture and rural areas, based on the results of the third national land survey, accelerate the construction of a national agricultural and rural basic database, and build a "one map" of national agricultural and rural data resources.

Accelerate the technological innovation of smart agriculture.Focus on breaking through the basic technologies, general technologies and key technologies in the field of smart agriculture, advance the layout of cutting-edge technologies, and vigorously carry out investment and innovative research around agricultural special sensors, animal and plant growth and development control models, intelligent equipment and other fields. Strengthen key common technologies such as special sensors, animal and plant growth information acquisition and production control mechanism model, focus on promoting the research and development of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment using various working environments, promote the integrated research and system demonstration of agricultural machinery and information technology, and strengthen technological innovation of agricultural machinery and equipment. Carry out centralized research and demonstration application, realize independent and controllable technology and seize the commanding heights of agricultural science and technology.

Strengthen the practice of smart agriculture.Build a number of smart farms, smart pastures and smart fishing grounds, promote the integrated application of intelligent perception, intelligent analysis and intelligent control technology and equipment in agricultural production, and promote the pilot of unmanned farms. We will further promote the construction of single-variety big data in the whole industrial chain, improve the ability of data analysis and application, realize the intelligence and unmanned operation of the whole process of farm operation through remote control, semi-automatic control or autonomous control, explore the establishment of linkage mechanism of traceability management, risk early warning and emergency recall, strengthen the construction of standard systems such as big data collection, transmission, storage, sharing and safety, and promote the information supervision of agricultural product quality and safety.

Actively carry out agricultural science and technology information services.Improve the agricultural science and technology information service system, establish and improve the monitoring and early warning system for important agricultural products markets, provide public data services for the government and market entities, support the cultivation of a number of information comprehensive service enterprises for new agricultural business entities and small farmers, guide social entities to carry out socialized agricultural production services with data as the key element, establish and improve the comprehensive information platform for science and technology commissioners, and support them to carry out online guidance and answering questions and exchange work experience.

Fourth, important breakthroughs have been made in promoting smart agriculture

Smart agriculture is a complex and systematic project. Although important progress has been made in irrigation formula fertilization, digital forecasting of pests and diseases, accurate feeding of animals and intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment at home and abroad, there are still many difficulties in the development conditions and technology of smart agriculture. The implementation of "Action Plan" will strongly promote the important breakthrough of China’s smart agriculture.

The first is to break through the key core technology of smart agriculture.Smart agriculture is a mode of production supported by many important conditions such as data, model, software and hardware, all of which need to be based on technological breakthrough. At present, there are still some technical problems in China’s smart agriculture, such as insufficient innovation in basic research and application mode, lack of core agricultural sensors and high-end agricultural intelligent equipment, and lack of intelligent algorithm models and system products. Sensing components and application system software mainly rely on imports, terminal remote control systems, animal and plant models and intelligent decision-making have shortcomings, and there is a lack of technical products specifically aimed at production scenarios and diversified markets of Chinese farmers and small plots, which is difficult to meet the practical needs. The Action Plan puts forward "accelerating the technological innovation of smart agriculture", which points out the direction of tackling the above problems.

The second is to break through the shortcomings of digital infrastructure supporting smart agriculture.Digital infrastructure, including broadband network infrastructure, water, electricity, roads and shed infrastructure after digital integration and upgrading, is the basis for the development of smart agriculture. It is necessary to change the problems of insufficient digital integration of most farms, processing plants and greenhouse facilities, strengthen the construction of rural information infrastructure, promote the digital upgrading of traditional infrastructure, and meet the needs of smart agriculture development. The "digital transformation and upgrading project of rural infrastructure" proposed in the Action Plan is conducive to the intelligent upgrading of rural networks, water conservancy, agricultural product logistics and other infrastructure.

The third is to break through the big data constraints of smart agriculture.Smart agriculture is an agricultural production mode based on advanced data acquisition technologies such as the Internet of Things and sensors, and has a large number of accurate, standardized and real-time data. At present, there are some problems, such as insufficient data acquisition capacity, imperfect data standards, backward means of data collection, transmission, storage and sharing, prominent data chimney phenomenon and obvious barriers to big data sharing. In the application of intelligent analysis, there are many fragmented data and few systematic data, so it is necessary to form a big data foundation which is necessary for the production, operation, management and service of smart agriculture, such as universal and special, dynamic and static, benchmark and real-time. The Action Plan proposes "accelerating the construction of the national agricultural and rural basic database, building a’ one map’ of the national agricultural and rural data resources" and "establishing and improving the monitoring and early warning system of important agricultural products markets", which will effectively solve the big data constraints of smart agriculture.

The fourth is to break through the dilemma of coordinated development of smart agriculture industry chain.Smart agriculture is a systematic project, not just a single application of information science and technology, but the industrial chain is closely related and affects each other. Due to the separation of traditional farming-breeding-adding relationship, the overall efficiency of the whole industrial chain is not high. It is necessary to give full play to the advantages of technology association, information sharing and total factor matching in the whole chain of smart agriculture, fully embody the characteristics of integration and integration in construction and development, promote the development of smart agriculture with high quality and help rural revitalization.(Author: Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Ministry of Education on March 13th, the General Office of the Ministry of Education, the General Office of the National Health and Wellness Commission and the General Department of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Technical Plan for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Infection in Colleges and Universities, Primary and Secondary Schools and Kindergartens (Seventh Edition).

Technical scheme for prevention and control of novel coronavirus infection in colleges and universities (seventh edition)

This technical scheme is formulated in combination with the actual situation of colleges and universities in order to implement the Overall Plan for Implementing Class B and B Management of novel coronavirus Infection, the novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Plan (10th Edition) and the School novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Work Plan and relevant policy requirements, scientifically guide colleges and universities to further optimize management measures, ensure health, prevent severe diseases, and effectively restore normal education and teaching order.

First, before the start of school

1. Fulfill the main responsibility. Keep the leadership and command system and management mechanism of epidemic prevention and control in schools running efficiently. The secretary of the Party Committee and the president of the university are the first responsible persons in the school epidemic prevention and control work, and are fully responsible for the organization, leadership and responsibility implementation of the school epidemic prevention and control. School leaders in charge and relevant school leaders are important responsible persons for the prevention and control of epidemic situation in schools, and they are responsible for the division of labor. For schools with multiple school sites, the responsible persons and job responsibilities of epidemic prevention and control are defined in each campus, and a linkage and coordination mechanism is formed to ensure the orderly progress of epidemic prevention and control, education and teaching.

2. Get ready for school. Find out the vaccination status of teachers and students, novel coronavirus infection, teachers and students with basic diseases and special medical needs, and the base number of elderly staff over 60 years old, set up a file and set up a card to follow up the service. According to the change of epidemic situation and the distribution of campus, teachers and students, scientifically formulate the work plan for the start of the new semester and the prevention and control of epidemic situation, refine the requirements for epidemic prevention and control in key links of starting school and returning to school, strengthen campus safety management and investigation of potential risks, improve emergency response plans and strengthen the guarantee mechanism.

3. Adjust and optimize the detection scheme. Universities no longer carry out all-staff nucleic acid screening. When a non-epidemic situation is prevalent, colleges and universities can carry out antigen or nucleic acid testing for medical, catering, boarding, express delivery, security, cleaning and other staff on campus as needed. Local education administrative departments and colleges and universities can make clear the requirements for antigen or nucleic acid detection of teachers and students according to the actual situation, and provide technical support in conjunction with relevant departments.

4. Build a health post in colleges and universities. With the guidance and support of local health, disease control and education departments, colleges and universities implement the "Guidelines for the Construction and Management of Health Stations in Colleges and Universities (Trial)", establish and improve special classes (leading groups) for the management of health stations, and set up comprehensive groups, information groups, medical groups, guarantee groups, education groups, transport groups and psychological groups according to actual requirements, scientifically coordinate and rationally mobilize resources inside and outside the school, and scientifically allocate the number of beds according to the number of teachers and students in the school and the needs of epidemic prevention. We will build and manage the electronic account for students’ health observation, daily inspection, fever consultation and early warning, refine the key links of students’ entry and exit clinical condition identification and timely transfer for medical treatment, strengthen the management of on-site services, improve the construction quality of health stations, and ensure the safe, orderly and standardized operation of health stations.

5. Smooth the green channel for treatment. Improve the docking mechanism between schools and designated hospitals, explore the establishment of medical associations, arrange hospital medical staff to work together in the school, improve the green channel for the treatment of cases transferred in the school, refine the grading diagnosis and treatment methods for infected people in the school according to the principle of grading and classification, and do a good job in the referral and treatment of heavy and critical cases. Cooperate with the hospital to carry out multi-scene referral emergency transshipment drills to improve transshipment efficiency and ensure fast and accurate transshipment and smooth docking.

6. Strengthen the dynamic storage of materials. Dynamic storage of symptomatic treatment drugs for novel coronavirus infection, the establishment of a stable supply channel, to ensure adequate supply during the epidemic and emergency situations. Reserve sufficient antigen detection reagents, masks, disinfection products, protective clothing, pulse oximeter, oxygen generator, safety temperature measuring equipment and other commonly used epidemic prevention materials, keep the reserve for more than 2 weeks, improve the information ledger, and arrange special personnel to effectively carry out the management of warehousing, warehousing, replenishment and deployment of epidemic prevention materials to ensure safe storage and scientific and standardized use.

7. Provide convenient services. According to the needs of teachers and students, open a fever clinic (diagnosis and treatment point), implement the duty system, announce the hotline for teachers and students, and encourage the provision of online medical consultation services for teachers and students. During the epidemic period, you can use student activity centers, gymnasiums and other large places to add fever clinics to provide fast and convenient medical services.

8. Carry out health self-test. One week before the start of school, teachers and students should carry out daily health monitoring. If they have symptoms such as fever, dry cough and sore throat, they should be tested for antigen or nucleic acid. If the test results confirm that they are infected with the virus, they should report it to the school truthfully and delay returning to school. Schools should do a good job of "one-on-one" tracking service and judge the time of returning to school in time. The school will inform all teachers and students of the protection requirements on the way back to school. Pay attention to personal hygiene, hand hygiene and personal protection on the way back to school. If you have suspected symptoms on your way back to school, you should take the initiative to report to the school and seek medical treatment nearby in time.

9. Strengthen supervision and inspection. Local education administrative departments, in conjunction with health and disease control departments, strengthen supervision and inspection of the preparations for epidemic prevention and control at the beginning of college, focusing on the composition, organization and management, basic conditions, staffing, material reserves, fever clinic settings, information ledger management, mechanism operation, etc.

Second, after the start of school

1. Wear masks scientifically according to the scene, crowd and epidemic situation. After the start of school, teachers and students are not required to wear masks during school, but can choose whether to wear masks according to their personal health and wishes. Medical, catering, boarding, express delivery, security, cleaning and other staff in the school should wear medical surgical masks when they take up their posts. When teachers and students have symptoms related to Covid-19 infection, such as fever, dry cough and sore throat, they should carry out antigen or nucleic acid testing as soon as possible and seek medical investigation. If they are positive, they should temporarily stay at home or take symptomatic treatment at a health post in colleges and universities until they recover, and they should not work or study despite illness; If it is negative, you should wear a medical surgical mask during school until the symptoms disappear. After leaving school, teachers and students should wear masks scientifically according to the relevant requirements of local social epidemic prevention and control. If there is an epidemic in the local area, restore the prevention and control measures for teachers and students to wear masks in school.

2. Scientifically arrange education and teaching activities. When the epidemic is not prevalent, the school carries out normal offline teaching activities and is not allowed to close the school. During the epidemic period, district management can be implemented, and evacuation measures such as reducing interpersonal contact, implementing online teaching and adjusting teaching arrangements can be taken in time. Scientific research, practice, examination and other related teaching activities and graduates’ employment work, and make reasonable adjustment arrangements according to the epidemic situation.

3. Strengthen the management of public places. Implement the daily health management system and disinfection system in campus public areas. Maintain daily ventilation and cleaning and disinfection in public living areas and other places, and put public disinfection supplies according to the needs of teachers and students. Teachers and students can do their own sanitation and disinfection when entering and leaving. Improve the ventilation conditions of school canteens, libraries, gymnasiums, public bathrooms, toilets and other public places.

4. Strengthen the safety management of food and drinking water. Strengthen school food safety management, focus on the safety of food raw materials, cleaning and disinfection of drinking water equipment and facilities in school canteens before the start of school, check the validity period of health examination certificates of canteen employees, ensure that they meet the requirements, rationally allocate space for dining places, and properly stagger meals between teachers and students. Strictly implement the food incoming inspection record system, and purchase raw materials from formal channels to ensure traceability. Do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting tables, chairs, floors, dining (drinking) utensils and cookers in the dining area, and collect and dispose of kitchen waste in time. Strengthen the safety management of food and drinking water in schools and replace damaged or obsolete equipment in time. Drinking water equipment and facilities should obtain industry inspection and monitoring certificates to ensure the safety of drinking water. Dining room staff should wear working hats and overalls, keep them clean, and wash and disinfect them regularly.

5. Strengthen vaccination. Teachers and students over the age of 18 who meet the requirements are encouraged to take one dose of homologous or sequential booster immunization, and they are not allowed to receive homologous booster immunization and sequential booster immunization at the same time. Encourage teachers and students with high risk of infection, serious basic diseases and low immunity, and elderly faculty and staff over 60 years old to carry out the second dose of booster immunization six months after completing the first dose.

6. Strengthen the health protection of the elderly faculty and staff. Timely understand the health status and medical needs of the elderly faculty, establish a grid management mechanism, make good use of medical, nursing and service resources inside and outside the school, and provide better medical and health care services for the elderly faculty. Conditional colleges and universities can distribute oximeters and epidemic prevention materials for the elderly faculty and staff, and guide the elderly faculty and staff to improve their ability to prevent and identify severe diseases at an early stage by monitoring blood, oxygen and water equality at home.

7. Strengthen the daily health management of teachers and students. Adhere to good hygiene habits such as frequent hand washing, frequent ventilation, cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection in daily life, and maintain a civilized, healthy and green lifestyle. Monitor the symptoms of novel coronavirus infection such as fever, dry cough and sore throat among teachers and students, and detect antigens or nucleic acids as needed. Give full play to online resources such as campus network, WeChat WeChat official account, school APP, and offline resources such as bulletin boards and campus broadcasts, carry out publicity and education on Covid-19 infection prevention and control knowledge in all directions and through multiple channels, guide teachers and students to establish the concept of "everyone is the first responsible person for their own health", and improve the health literacy, disease prevention awareness and self-protection ability of teachers and students.

8. Strengthen ideological guidance and psychological counseling. Pay close attention to the ideological trends of teachers and students, focus on the "first lesson of school", and carry out a series of educational guidance activities in depth to stimulate students’ youth responsibility and responsibility. Strengthen care, strengthen interaction between teachers and students, and promote the improvement of the normalized working mechanism of "handling complaints immediately". Leading cadres and teachers sink into the "one-stop" student community, participate in student activities, and answer questions. Implement the "Implementation Plan for Prevention and Treatment of Students’ Outstanding Psychological Problems in Epidemic Situation", provide students with targeted, normalized and multi-form psychological health guidance and assistance for different manifestations of psychological problems, do a good job in students’ psychological health education and psychological counseling, and timely resolve students’ negative emotions such as panic and anxiety. Pay attention to students with outstanding psychological problems and guide them to the hospital in time. Strengthen the identification and intervention of serious mental illness and psychological crisis, and timely prevent and resolve major risks.

9. Strengthen health guidance during rehabilitation. The school organizes and guides key groups such as school doctors, health education teachers, mental health teachers, counselors, class teachers, student cadres, etc., and through different forms such as theme class meetings, billboards, and WeChat official account, strengthens the health guidance of infected teachers and students during the rehabilitation period from the aspects of nutritious diet, regular work and rest, moderate exercise, and daily personal protection, and guides teachers and students to do a good job in health management during the rehabilitation period. Do not organize or require teachers, students and employees in rehabilitation period to participate in strenuous exercise.

10. Carry out in-depth patriotic health campaign on campus. Summarize the effectiveness and experience of using the education system to prevent and control epidemics, vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit of the new era, and cultivate and practice socialist core values. Combining with the reality of education, we should enrich the content and form of patriotic health campaign on campus in the new era, improve the campus environment, improve health literacy, and promote the transformation of patriotic health campaign on campus from environmental health management to health management for teachers and students.

Iii. Emergency prevention and control measures during the epidemic period

Improve the school’s emergency prevention and control mechanism to deal with the epidemic situation, improve the emergency prevention and control plan according to the situation, and improve the emergency guarantee mechanism.

In the case of normal prevention and control, there is generally no need to take emergency prevention and control measures. When the school finds the infected cases in Covid-19, it comprehensively judges the epidemic situation and adopts scientific and precise prevention and control measures, and it is not allowed to simply adopt "one size fits all" practices such as school closure and all-staff nucleic acid testing. During the epidemic period, we should comprehensively evaluate the virus variation, epidemic intensity, medical resource load and social operation. According to the infection situation of teachers and students and the shortage of medical resources, we can take temporary emergency prevention and control measures according to law, such as suspending unnecessary large-scale gathering activities, limiting the flow of public places in schools, online teaching, etc., to reduce the gathering and flow of people in time and reduce the impact of the short-term surge of infected people on campus education and teaching order.

Technical scheme for prevention and control of novel coronavirus infection in primary and secondary schools (seventh edition)

This technical scheme is formulated in combination with the actual situation of primary and secondary schools in order to implement the Overall Plan for Implementing Class B Management of novel coronavirus Infection, the novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Plan (10th Edition) and the School novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Work Plan as well as relevant policy requirements, scientifically guide primary and secondary schools to further optimize management measures, strengthen the collaborative linkage among schools, communities and families, ensure health, prevent serious diseases and effectively restore normal education and teaching order.

First, before the start of school

1. Plan school preparation in advance. Education administrative departments and schools at all levels shall determine the starting time according to the deployment of local party committees and governments, and scientifically formulate the starting work plan, epidemic prevention and control plan and emergency plan. One week before starting school and returning to school, teachers and students should be tested for antigens or nucleic acids if they have symptoms such as fever, dry cough and sore throat. If the test results confirm that they are infected with the virus, they must report it to the school truthfully and delay returning to school. Find out the vaccination status of teachers and students, novel coronavirus infection, teachers and students with basic diseases and special medical needs, and the base number of elderly staff over 60 years old, set up a file and set up a card to follow up the service.

2. Establish a green channel for medical treatment. In accordance with the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the development trend of epidemic situation, we will implement various measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus infection, improve the cooperation mechanism between education, health care, disease control and other departments and schools and medical and health institutions, give play to the role of school clinics (health care rooms), and cooperate with forces inside and outside the school to establish a green channel for medical referral.

3. Guide to adhere to health habits. The school will inform all teachers, students and employees of the protection requirements on the way to and from school. Students should pay attention to personal hygiene, hand hygiene and personal protection on the way. The school carries out health education to teachers, students, employees and parents of students through various forms, publicizes the knowledge of prevention and control of infectious diseases, guides them to firmly establish and consciously practice the concept of "health first", be the first person responsible for their own health, and guides them to adhere to good hygiene habits such as frequent hand washing, regular ventilation, cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection, regular life and rest, and advocate adequate sleep, reasonable diet, balanced nutrition and moderate exercise.

4. Dynamic storage of epidemic prevention materials. Schools with the qualification of practicing license of medical institutions should dynamically reserve appropriate drugs for symptomatic treatment of novel coronavirus infection, establish stable supply channels, and ensure adequate supply in case of epidemic peak and emergency. Reserve sufficient antigen detection reagents, masks, disinfection products, hand sanitizer, disposable latex gloves, pulse oximeter, oxygen generator, safety temperature measuring equipment and other commonly used epidemic prevention materials, and arrange special personnel to manage them to ensure safe storage and scientific and standardized use. Do a good job in training the use of disinfectants. Set up a health observation room for teachers and students, which is relatively independent and provides temporary observation places for teachers and students with symptoms such as fever.

5. Keep the environment clean. Before the start of school, thoroughly clean the campus health, thoroughly clean and ventilate the classrooms, laboratories, canteens, dormitories, sports venues, libraries, health rooms (health rooms), bathrooms and other key places in advance, and clean and disinfect the air conditioning and ventilation systems and the surfaces of objects in public areas. Toilets should be equipped with sufficient decontamination supplies to ensure the normal use of water supply facilities such as faucets.

6. Focus on ensuring food safety. Strengthen school food safety management, rationally allocate space in dining places, and appropriately stagger meals between teachers and students. Strictly implement the food incoming inspection record system, and purchase raw materials from formal channels to ensure traceability. Do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting tables, chairs, floors, dining (drinking) utensils and cookers in the dining area, and collect and dispose of kitchen waste in time. Before the start of school, focus on the safety of food raw materials, cleaning and disinfection of drinking water equipment and facilities in the school canteen, and check the validity period of the health examination certificate of canteen employees to ensure that it meets the requirements. Strengthen the safety management of food and drinking water in schools and replace damaged or obsolete equipment in time. Drinking water equipment and facilities should obtain industry inspection and monitoring certificates to ensure the safety of drinking water.

7. Strengthen the construction of school doctors. Strengthen the construction of health rooms (health care rooms), equip professional health technicians such as school doctors, strengthen professional training, and improve the ability of epidemic prevention and control. For schools that are not equipped with school doctors, the health department should assign grass-roots medical and health institutions within the administrative area to strengthen guidance and ensure services.

8. Supervise the rectification of outstanding problems. Local education administrative departments, together with health and disease control departments, strengthen supervision and inspection of school preparation and campus epidemic prevention and control, and carefully inspect the construction of school clinics (health rooms), professional staffing, medical facilities and equipment, morning and afternoon inspection system, infectious disease epidemic reporting system, follow-up registration system for absenteeism due to illness, health monitoring, novel coronavirus infection among teachers and students, mental health work, health education and publicity and training on infectious disease prevention and control knowledge, health guidance for infected teachers and students during rehabilitation, and so on.

Second, after the start of school

1. Wear masks scientifically according to the scene, crowd and epidemic situation. After the start of school, teachers and students are not required to wear masks during school, but can choose whether to wear masks according to their personal health and wishes. School doctors, security guards, cleaners, school bus drivers and canteen staff should wear medical surgical masks when they take up their posts. When teachers, students and employees have symptoms related to Covid-19 infection, such as fever, dry cough and sore throat, they should carry out antigen or nucleic acid testing as soon as possible, seek medical attention, and must not work or study with illness; If it is negative, you should wear a medical surgical mask during school until the symptoms disappear. If the school finds an infected person in Covid-19, the students in the class where the infected person is located and the teachers, students and employees who are in close contact with the infected person should wear masks for 5 consecutive days and do a good job in health monitoring; Encourage students and teachers in other classes to wear masks. After leaving school, teachers and students should wear masks scientifically according to the relevant requirements of local social epidemic prevention and control. If there is an epidemic in the local area, restore the prevention and control measures for teachers and students to wear masks in school.

2. Strengthen health management. Strengthen the health management of teachers and students, adhere to good hygiene habits such as frequent hand washing, frequent ventilation, cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection in daily life, and maintain a civilized, healthy and green lifestyle. Monitor the symptoms of novel coronavirus infection such as fever, dry cough and sore throat among teachers and students, and detect antigens or nucleic acids as needed. Strictly implement the morning and afternoon check-up system, the tracking and registration system for absenteeism due to illness, and the infectious disease epidemic reporting system, establish an electronic ledger for students’ health information, improve the informationization level of disease monitoring and early warning, and achieve early prevention, early detection, early reporting and early disposal of infectious diseases. Do a good job in monitoring and handling common infectious diseases on campus such as influenza, norovirus infectious diarrhea, chickenpox and mumps. For teachers and students who are absent from school due to illness, closely track the diagnosis results and the progress of the disease. Strictly implement the inspection system for the certificate of resumption of classes and strengthen the management of account books.

3. Patrol key areas. The school implements personnel to carry out special inspections, focusing on key areas and key positions such as guard room, classroom, laboratory, office, canteen, dormitory, sports venue, library, health room (health room) and toilet, and making records. Implement a special person to do a good job of sanitation, cleaning, disinfection and disinfection, and ventilate regularly. Campus garbage will be released in different categories, and the garbage containers will be cleaned, disinfected and registered for removal. Boarding schools should strengthen the cleaning, disinfection and ventilation of dormitories.

4. Keep your hands clean. Provide adequate hand washing facilities in sports venues, canteens, dormitories, bathrooms and other places and ensure normal operation. Guide teachers and students to pay attention to personal hygiene, teach students the correct way to wash their hands and do a good job in hand hygiene. Put public disinfection supplies according to the needs of teachers and students, and encourage teachers and students to develop the habit of sanitation and disinfection.

5. Strengthen vaccination. Adhere to the principles of knowledge, consent and voluntariness, and encourage school-age teachers and students who have no vaccination taboos to get Covid-19 vaccine. Encourage qualified faculty and staff over the age of 18 to receive one dose of sub-homologous or sequential booster immunization, and not to receive homologous booster immunization and sequential booster immunization at the same time.

6. Ensure food safety. Strengthen the safety management and epidemic prevention and control management in the procurement, storage and processing of raw materials, and purchase raw materials such as food from formal channels to ensure traceability. Do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting the canteen floor, tables, chairs, tableware (drinking utensils) and cookers, as well as the harmless treatment of after-meal garbage. Schools that use off-campus meals strictly implement the requirements of the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Off-campus Meals. Dining room staff should wear working hats and overalls, keep them clean, and wash and disinfect them regularly.

7. Strengthen health education for teachers and students. The school is equipped with full-time and part-time health education teachers according to the requirements, offering health education courses, incorporating the knowledge and skills of prevention and control of novel coronavirus infection and common infectious diseases on campus into the content of health education, and helping teachers and students to master the basic knowledge and skills of prevention and control of infectious diseases. Carry out health education through campus network, health column and other forms, and guide teachers and students to firmly establish and consciously practice the concept of "health first" and be the first person responsible for their own health. Strengthen health guidance in rehabilitation period, and guide teachers and students to do a good job in health management in rehabilitation period. Don’t organize or require teachers and students to participate in strenuous exercise during the rehabilitation period, and scientifically arrange physical education class and physical education examinations.

8. Provide mental health services. Pay close attention to the ideological trends of teachers and students, strengthen value guidance, and stimulate students’ youth responsibility and responsibility. Schools should be equipped with full-time and part-time mental health education teachers to provide mental health education and psychological counseling for teachers and students. Improve the psychological intervention mechanism, formulate psychological intervention plans, strengthen the awareness of crisis identification and intervention, and timely prevent and resolve major risks. Timely dredge the emotions and abnormal behaviors of teachers and students, provide targeted, normalized and multi-form mental health guidance and assistance, and timely resolve negative emotions such as panic and anxiety.

9. Strengthen students’ myopia prevention and control. Strengthen vision health education, guide students to arrange work and rest reasonably, ensure adequate sleep, balance nutritious diet, maintain correct reading and writing posture, and consciously protect their eyes in like eyes. Deeply implement the "double reduction" and effectively reduce the academic burden. Cultivate exercise habits, strengthen outdoor activities and physical exercise, and strive to ensure one hour of physical activity time in and out of school every day. Guide students to use electronic products scientifically and standardize, and strictly manage the teaching time using electronic products. Implement vision health monitoring and establish vision health files.

10. Carry out patriotic health campaign on campus. Summarize the effectiveness and experience of using the education system to prevent and control epidemics, vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit of the new era, and cultivate and practice socialist core values. Combining with the reality of educational work, we should enrich the contents and forms of campus patriotic health campaign in the new era, improve the campus environment, improve health literacy, and promote the transformation of campus patriotic health campaign from environmental health management to teacher and student health management.

Iii. Emergency prevention and control measures during the epidemic period

In the case of normal prevention and control, there is generally no need to take emergency prevention and control measures. During the epidemic period, under the guidance of the local epidemic prevention and control mechanism (leading group and headquarters), the virus variation, epidemic intensity, medical resource load and social operation can be comprehensively evaluated, and temporary prevention and control measures can be taken in time according to the infection situation of teachers and students and the shortage of medical resources, and offline teaching can be stopped and temporary online teaching can be implemented in class or grade. After the epidemic situation is lifted, offline teaching will be resumed in time.

After the infected person appears in the school, report to the education administrative department and disease control institution at the county (district) level as soon as possible. Under the guidance of education, health and disease control departments, do a good job in the health monitoring of teachers and students, clean and disinfect the environment and the surface of objects in time, ventilate them, and do a good job in the collection and harmless treatment of garbage, feces and sewage on campus. During the period of living at home, infected teachers and students should stay in a well-ventilated and relatively independent room as far as possible, reduce close contact with people living together, and do not go out unless necessary.

Technical Scheme for Prevention and Control of Infection in Nursery Institutions in novel coronavirus (Seventh Edition)

In order to implement the Overall Plan of "Class B and B Management" for novel coronavirus Infection, the novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Plan (10th Edition) and the School novel coronavirus Infection Prevention and Control Work Plan, scientifically guide nurseries to further optimize management measures, strengthen the collaborative linkage among nurseries, communities and families, ensure health, prevent severe cases and effectively restore normal care order, this technical plan is formulated in combination with the actual situation of nurseries.

First, before opening the park

(A) the preparation of child care institutions

1. Prepare for the opening of the park. Under the guidance of education administration, health and disease control departments at all levels, nurseries and kindergartens should clarify their work responsibilities and refine prevention and control measures according to the epidemic situation and the relevant policy requirements of local epidemic prevention and control. Before opening the park, they must improve the preparations for epidemic prevention and control, scientifically formulate the work plan for opening the park and the work plan for epidemic prevention and control, and strengthen the emergency response plan and corresponding guarantee mechanism. Conduct training on prevention and control knowledge and skills for all faculty and staff, inform parents of the requirements for prevention and control of epidemic situation in the park in time, and all parties should make concerted efforts to prepare for the opening of the park.

2. Fulfill the responsibilities of the Quartet. Strictly implement the responsibilities of territories, departments, units and families. The education department implements the responsibility of industry management, strengthens daily guidance, training, supervision and inspection, and timely coordinates and solves the difficulties and problems in epidemic prevention and control in kindergartens. The education department shall, jointly with the disease control department, guide kindergartens to do a good job in epidemic prevention and control according to their duties, and jointly with the health department to guide the training of health technicians and establish a green channel for transferring infections in the park to relevant hospitals for treatment. The person in charge of the nursery institution is the first person responsible for the epidemic prevention and control of the unit, and is fully responsible for the leadership and responsibility implementation of the epidemic prevention and control organization.

3. Strengthen departmental linkage. Nursery institutions strengthen communication and cooperation with disease control institutions, nearby designated medical institutions, maternal and child health care institutions, community health service institutions, improve the multi-sectoral collaborative working mechanism, and ensure the orderly progress of epidemic prevention and control and routine work before the opening of the park.

4. Enrich epidemic prevention materials. According to the reality of kindergartens, strengthen the construction of health care rooms, rationally plan and set up health observation rooms, which are relatively independent, and provide temporary observation for faculty and children with symptoms such as fever. Do a good job in the storage of epidemic prevention materials such as masks for children and adults, antigen detection reagents, hand sanitizers, disinfectants, non-contact thermometers, pulse oximeters, etc., manage them by special personnel, standardize their correct use, and check them regularly to ensure that the items are within the validity period and stored safely. Equipped with a sufficient number of toilet facilities and toiletries. Smooth safe and reliable emergency materials supply channels to ensure adequate supplies in emergency situations.

5. Implement environmental disinfection. Before the opening of the park, thoroughly clean and disinfect the key places, public appliances and air conditioning and ventilation systems in the park, do a good job in garbage removal, carry out preventive disinfection on the surfaces of high-frequency contact objects such as door handles and escalator handrails, and implement the ventilation system for living and nursing indoor places and public places such as activity rooms, sleeping rooms, washrooms and toilets.

6. Ensure the safety of food and drinking water. Implement the Notice on Doing a Good Job in School Food Safety in the Spring of 2023 issued by the General Administration of Market Supervision and other four departments to strengthen food safety management. Before the opening of the park, the canteens and drinking water facilities of nurseries and kindergartens shall be thoroughly inspected, cleaned and disinfected. All drinking water facilities shall obtain industry monitoring and testing certificates, and timely inspect, monitor and disinfect the equipment to ensure the safety of drinking water. Check the validity period of the health examination certificate of canteen staff to ensure that it meets the requirements.

(two) the preparation of faculty, parents and children

7. Report health status. According to the requirements of local epidemic prevention and control, all teaching staff and children should cooperate with the health monitoring before the opening of the park.

8. Strengthen vaccination. Adhere to the principles of knowledge, consent and voluntariness, and encourage people over 3 years of age who have no contraindications to vaccinate with Covid-19 vaccine. Encourage qualified faculty and staff over the age of 18 to receive one dose of sub-homologous or sequential booster immunization, and not to receive homologous booster immunization and sequential booster immunization at the same time.

9. Actively reduce aggregation. Before the opening of the park, parents should make good preparations for child care and epidemic prevention materials. In case of epidemic situation, faculty and children’s families should reduce gathering activities and comply with prevention and control requirements when going to public places.

(three) the supervision and inspection before the opening of the park

Local education administrative departments, in conjunction with health and disease control departments, strengthen supervision and inspection on the preparation of the park and the prevention and control of epidemic situation in the park, and carefully inspect the construction of health rooms, professional personnel, medical facilities, equipment and medicines, morning and afternoon inspection system, epidemic situation reporting system of infectious diseases, follow-up registration system for absence due to illness, health monitoring, novel coronavirus infection diagnosis and treatment, mental health work, health education and publicity and training on infectious disease prevention and control knowledge, health guidance for infected teachers and students during rehabilitation, cleaning and disinfection of key areas, etc.

Second, after the opening of the park

(A) nursery management requirements

1. Wear masks scientifically according to the scene, crowd and epidemic situation. After the opening of the park, children do not wear masks during the park. Teachers and staff are not required to wear masks during their stay in the park, but can choose whether to wear masks according to their personal health and wishes. Kindergarten doctors, security guards, cleaning and canteen staff should wear medical surgical masks when they take up their posts. When faculty and children have symptoms related to Covid-19 infection, such as fever, dry cough, sore throat, etc., they should be tested for antigen or nucleic acid as soon as possible for medical investigation. If they are positive, they should be treated at home for the time being until they recover, and they should not work or enter the park with illness; If it is negative, you should wear a medical surgical mask during the park until the symptoms disappear. If a child care institution finds an infected person in Covid-19, the children in the class where the infected person is located, the faculty and children who are in close contact with the infected person should wear masks for five consecutive days and do a good job in health monitoring; Encourage children and teachers in other classes to wear masks. After leaving the park, faculty and children should wear masks scientifically according to the relevant requirements of local social epidemic prevention and control. If there is an epidemic in the local area, the prevention and control measures of wearing masks in the faculty park will be resumed.

2. Do a good job in health monitoring. Novel coronavirus infection symptoms such as fever, dry cough and sore throat were monitored in combination with the actual situation, and antigen or nucleic acid detection was carried out as needed. Strictly implement the morning and afternoon inspection system, the epidemic reporting system of infectious diseases, and the follow-up registration system for absenteeism due to illness. Children with fever and other symptoms should be tested for antigen or nucleic acid, and parents should be instructed to take it back safely immediately.

3. Strengthen site management. Implement the system of environmental sanitation and cleaning and disinfection, and assign special personnel to be responsible for the comprehensive cleaning and disinfection in the park. Strengthen the cleaning and disinfection of key indoor places and public activity areas such as activity rooms, sleeping rooms, bathrooms, canteens, offices, health rooms and toilets, and do a good job in daily preventive ventilation and disinfection in the park. Ensure that adequate hand washing facilities and toiletries are provided in canteens, bathrooms and health rooms. Strengthen the classified collection and timely removal of garbage, and do a good job in cleaning, disinfection and registration of garbage containers.

4. Ensure that the diet is nutritious and hygienic. Strengthen the hygienic management of food and drinking water, strictly implement the food purchase inspection record system, strictly regulate the purchase channels of ingredients, and ensure the traceability of sources. Check whether the food raw materials have expired or deteriorated, and immediately clean up the food raw materials that have problems and destroy them as required. According to the characteristics of children’s growth and development, arrange meals reasonably, provide enough fresh fruits, vegetables and dairy products, and appropriate amount of fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat every day to ensure a variety of foods.

5. Strengthen health education. Strengthen the health guidance for the recovery period of infection and guide the health management during the recovery period. Strengthen publicity and guidance and policy interpretation, and carry out publicity and education on prevention knowledge of infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus infection, norovirus diarrhea, tuberculosis, influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps, hand, foot and mouth disease and bacillary dysentery for faculty, parents and children through various forms. Teach children the correct way to wash their hands and the way to block coughing and sneezing, and cultivate children to develop good habits of washing their hands frequently, paying attention to hygiene and etiquette.

6. Pay attention to emotional changes. Pay attention to children’s diet and emotional behavior changes. Encourage the allocation of professional mental health education teachers for children, and let children know about novel coronavirus infection prevention through picture book reading, games and other activities.

7. Carry out patriotic health campaign. Combined with the reality of conservation work, vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit of the new era, enrich the content and form of patriotic health campaign in kindergartens, improve the environment, improve the health literacy of teachers and staff, and promote the transformation of patriotic health campaign from environmental health management to health management.

(2) Management requirements for faculty, parents and children

8. Strengthen personal protection. During work, security guards, cleaning staff and canteen staff should adopt correct methods to wash their hands and strengthen hand hygiene. Dining room staff should wear disposable gloves, overalls and working caps, and keep them clean, washed and disinfected regularly. When children leave the park, parents should take good care of them. In case of epidemic, they should reduce gathering, and infants under 3 years old should try their best to go to crowded places and do personal protection.

9. Strengthen prevention and control of myopia. According to the characteristics of children’s age, arrange physical exercise with appropriate content and form, and children over 3 years old should have at least 2 hours of outdoor activities every day. Guide children to develop the habit of using their eyes scientifically and strictly control the viewing time. Balance nutritious diet, arrange work and rest reasonably, ensure adequate sleep time and improve immunity.

Iii. Emergency prevention and control measures during the epidemic period

In the case of normalization, it is generally unnecessary to take emergency prevention and control measures. During the epidemic period, the local epidemic prevention and control mechanism (leading group, headquarters) comprehensively evaluates the virus variation, epidemic intensity, medical resource load and social operation, and can take temporary emergency prevention and control measures such as suspending the opening of the park according to the infection of faculty and children and the tension of medical resources. After the epidemic situation is lifted, the conservation order will be restored in time.

Infected faculty and children should stay in well-ventilated and relatively independent rooms as much as possible during their stay at home, so as to reduce close contact with the people who live with them and not go out unless necessary.

Topic: picture channel

　　

　　Huang Lei and Sun Li’s husband and wife tacitly interpreted Lai Shengchuan’s famous stage play "Secret Love of Peach Blossom Garden". Author: Li Yan

　　

　　Huang Lei and Sun Li’s husband and wife performed Yun Zhifan and Jiang Binliu, who have been secretly in love with Peach Blossom Garden for more than 40 years, meet each other in the ward, and their delicate and emotional performance attracted the audience to sob. Author: Li Yan

　　BEIJING, Beijing, March 29 (Reporter Ying Ni) Lai Shengchuan’s famous stage play "Secret Love of Peach Blossom Garden" once again landed on the Beijing stage, and Sun Li’s "Fan of the Clouds" made a stunning debut and cooperated with her husband Huang Lei.

　　Sun Li, the most anticipated latest edition of "The Fan of Clouds" tonight, lived up to expectations. She performed this "most beautiful white camellia" in a gentle and moving way, and completely conquered the audience with sincere acting skills, especially in the last paragraph when she met the elderly "Jiang Binliu" in the ward, which attracted a sob from the audience.

　　In the last scene, Yun Zhifan and Jiang Binliu met in the ward for more than 40 years respectively. The audience was moved by Huang Lei and Sun Li’s tacit and delicate performance. They interpreted the seemingly dull dialogue between the two elderly people as ups and downs, and the audience could fully feel Yun Zhifan’s inner emotional ups and downs under the calm appearance and the emotional accumulation and suffering for decades. When Sun Li and Huang Lei shook hands for the last time before parting, the sobbing in the theater was almost twice as loud as usual, and the audience really realized the feeling that the new york Overseas Chinese News commented on the play that "the walls of the theater almost melted in the last scene".

　　At the curtain call, "Jiang Binliu" Huang Lei gave his wife, Sun Li, a warm and encouraging hug, which won another applause climax from the audience. The model couple in reality seemed to tell the audience that although their roles could not get together in the play, they still had perfect love in real life.

　　As for the Peach Blossom Garden, the performances of He Jiong, Nana and Yu Entai can be described as "better", which is not only more mature in performance, but also more compact in lines and actions after constant running-in, making the Peach Blossom Garden more mature and beautiful, and the "crazy laughter" under the stage is in sharp contrast with the "quiet tears" in the "secret love" part.

　　It is worth mentioning that Huang Lei, who accompanied the mainland version of Peach Blossom Garden, will surpass 100 performances during this year’s tour, and is expected to surpass Jin Shijie to become the "eternal riverside willow" in the audience’s mind.

　　After four performances of Secret Love in Peach Blossom Garden in poly theatre, on April 4th and 5th, Lai Shengchuan, the director, will meet the audience in poly theatre. This stage masterpiece has the reputation of "stage movie blockbuster". The complex and suspenseful storyline, the dazzling stage multimedia presentation and the live saxophone and piano performance all give the play a young and fashionable texture, while the plot of pursuing the road of spiritual home gives the play a profound cultural accumulation and humanistic care temperament.

　　Ma Jingtao, Qu Zhongheng, Ismene Ting, Xu Yanling, Zhu Zhiying, Lai Fanyun and other outstanding Taiwan Province actors will all perform well in the play, and Hua Dan Yang Lele, the master of Hunan Satellite TV, will play a very wonderful role in the play. She is the narrator of the whole story and a witness to the important plot. At the end of the whole drama, Lele will also show her voice and sing the theme song of the whole drama "The Song of Dreams".

Editor: Wang Xu

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Li Xian shouted to the photographer: Please stop.

Karry Studio issued a document to boycott stalking fan.

Yang Mi was shot maliciously on behalf of others.

YiBo thundered against stalking fan.

From May 11th to today, four celebrity artists boarded the hot search one after another in four days. Under the influence of stalking fan’s malicious acting, the private lives of celebrities were frequently harassed.

What is a substitute? Who is driving the growth of the agency industry? What kind of gray industrial chain is hidden behind the star generation? Today, we will talk about the agency industry in the entertainment industry.

Behind the professional shooting:

Xiao Zhan has 50 pictures of 2000 yuan, and Esther Yu has 300 600 yuan.

Before understanding the industrial chain, let’s popularize the slang of rice circles.

Instead of taking pictures, the abbreviation DP is often used in rice circles. Acting as a substitute is a popular career in rice circles in recent two years. Many stars have their own fan groups and stations, but sometimes these fans may not be able to go to the activities attended by the stars. At this time, they will find people who can go to the activities and pay them to help shoot their favorite stars. These photos and videos will be used to maintain the operation of the stations, for fans to lick the screen and bring more traffic exposure to idols.

Stalking fan: An extreme and crazy person among the fans of artists and stars. In order to satisfy their own selfish desires, they like to follow, peep, and secretly photograph the daily and undisclosed trips (airports, hotels, etc.) and work of stars, harass their favorite stars, and affect the private lives of artists (and their families). Illegitimate behavior will cause great trouble to the idol himself, and at the same time, it will disturb public order, bring hidden dangers to public safety, and often deal a blow to the idol’s reputation.

We can often see such videos on social media such as Weibo and Tik Tok. When stars appear in public places such as airports, they are often chased and photographed by a large number of people. There are many fans among the people who take pictures, but more likely they are "professional photographers".

As a matter of fact, there has been a long history of the phenomenon of substitute filming. In recent days, Yang Mi, Li Xian, Karry and others have taken the initiative to denounce this chaos, which shows that the substitute filming industry is rampant. Since last year, many stars have been harassed by substitute filming and boarded the hot search.

For example, Jason Wu was angry when he was forced to take photos, Angelababy fans were beaten when they were forced to take photos, and Sean Xiao fans were crazy about taking photos and disturbing the order of the airport.

Many people may be curious, how do professional substitute photographers get the travel information of stars and shoot them? What’s the use of taking these photos? Who will buy it? How does the agency industry work from top to bottom?

The reporter’s investigation found that there are many sellers selling celebrity privacy itineraries on the Internet, and the privacy of a large number of celebrities such as Jackson Yee, Karry, Arqie, YiBo, Adam and Esther Yu is sold in the circle of friends, including flight information, ID number, passport number, mobile phone number, micro-signal, website account and even playlist of listening to music APP.

In order to avoid security risks, reporters were told that sensitive words should be expressed by abbreviations during the communication with such sellers.

For example:

Brush off-SG household registration map-HJ flight-HB/

High-speed rail-gt/address-DZ ID card-SFZ

This kind of sellers are the upstream practitioners in the industrial chain of professional proxy photography. They provide the basic guarantee for proxy photography by providing the privacy itinerary of stars.

After obtaining the itinerary, the work of taking pictures on behalf of them began. In addition to professional shooting equipment, they also need to have excellent technical acumen. Take the airport as an example. Professional agents will specially buy air tickets to go through the security check with artists, and then refund them after filming, so as to minimize the work cost.

If you get a first-hand photo, you will resell it to fans or a third-party seller, and then the seller will sell it to fans at a higher price to earn the difference.

The reporter interviewed a number of sellers and provided the reporter with the price of the corresponding star.

Take Esther Yu, a popular trainee in "Youth has You 2", for example, 100 pictures start as a small bag, and the price is 260 yuan; 160 pictures are big bags, and the price is 330 yuan; The whole package starts with 300 pictures, and the price is 600 yuan.

In addition, the quality of photos, the clarity and the popularity of artists will all determine the selling price. For example, only 30 pictures in Jackson Yee are sold in 260 yuan, and the price of substitute photos in Sean Xiao is much higher than that of ordinary stars, and 50 pictures can be sold for 2,000 yuan.

To put it simply, acting as a proxy means that groups mainly in stalking fan take photos by tracking stars, and then resell them to fans to earn money.

Invade privacy and disturb public order

The chaos in the auction industry is frequent.

Where there is demand, there is a market. Driven by interests, the agency group is growing. Searching for "selling pictures dp" on Weibo, we can find that everything related to substitute photography can be done in it, from information selling to photo trading. It can be seen that as a product of the development of fan economy to a certain stage, Daipai has now formed a complete industrial chain from top to bottom.

Nowadays, the development of the agency industry has gradually lost control. According to previous CCTV news reports, there were 20 recorded fan alarms in 2017 only in Terminal T3 of the Capital Airport. From January to July 2018, there were 7 recorded fan alarms. In the process of filming, it not only causes inconvenience to artists, but also seriously affects the operation order of the airport, brings inconvenience to airport staff, and even brings congestion to the airport, causing certain security risks.

In addition to disturbing public order, there are many kinds of chaos in the agency auction industry, such as invasion of privacy, which leads artists to file complaints one after another.

As early as 2019, the People’s Daily published an article criticizing the agency auction. The People’s Daily said that Hugh and Jason Wu angrily denounced the agency auction, and Sean Xiao was blocked by the agency auction, resulting in flight delays … In recent years, the agency auction business has repeatedly been out of order and ignored social rules, which seriously disturbed social order. No interest should override the public interest. Only by correcting the traffic direction with rules and leading the fan economy with order can the traffic economy return to rationality and go further.

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Original title: "Starting from the star to shoot the industrial chain: 50 photos of Xiao Zhan sell for 2,000 yuan, and 300 photos of 600 yuan in Esther Yu"

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On July 1 ST, Tesla announced today the car purchase rights of its Model 3/Y model in July.rear-guardStandard endurance/long endurance four-wheel drive models can enjoy a limited-time five-year zero-interest installment car purchase plan if they place orders before July 31.As a comparison, last month’s car purchase rights were Model 3/Y standard battery life version, and you can enjoy the 5-year 0-interest installment car purchase plan.

As of the press release of IT House,Tesla did not adjust the price of the Model 3/Y model.With reference to official website, the prices of two models are as follows.

Tesla started the delivery of Model 3 high-performance version (high-performance all-wheel drive version) on June 18th. The front face of the car is provided with air vents and a uniquely designed rectifying front lip, and the rear end is equipped with a carbon fiber spoiler and diffuser, as well as an exclusive racing badge, equipped with new 19-inch warp wheels and exclusive red high-performance calipers.

In terms of handling, the car provides three acceleration modes: comfort, standard and madness, as well as a number of custom track modes, and at the same time improves the brake feel, using aluminum alloy sports pedals.

In addition, the car adopts a new generation of high-performance powertrain, which is equipped with Tesla’s new generation of high-performance motors for the first time. Under the condition that the volume and weight are almost unchanged, the power of a single motor has increased by more than 20%.The maximum power is 460 HP, the peak torque reaches 678N?m, the acceleration time is 3.1s, and the CLTC cruising range is 623 km..

[car home Weihai Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, we learned from Weihai market that preferential activities are under way, with the highest preferential range reaching 134,900 yuan and the lowest starting price dropping to 317,000 yuan. If you are interested in this electric car, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to strive for a higher preferential price.

The exterior design of the BMW i4 combines a sense of movement and futurity, and the front face adopts a closed kidney grille design, which highlights the identity of the electric car. Headlights have sharp lines and cooperate with the air intake below to create a strong visual impact. The side lines of the car body are smooth, and the roof lines are smooth. With large-sized wheels, the dynamic style is further highlighted. The tail design is simple and powerful, and the LED taillight group adopts unique design elements to make the overall shape more modern. The overall style of BMW i4 not only retains the design genes of BMW family, but also incorporates more innovative elements, making it stand out among many electric vehicles.

The length, width and height of BMW i4 are 4785mm, 1852mm and 1455mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 2856mm. The side lines of the car body are smooth, with a front track of 1601mm and a rear track of 1630mm, giving the car a dynamic posture. The front tyre size is 245/45 R18, and the rear tyre size is 255/45 R18. With sporty rims, the overall visual effect of the vehicle is further improved.

The interior design of BMW i4 is mainly luxury and technology. The center console adopts a 14.9-inch high-definition touch screen, which integrates voice recognition control systems such as multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioning, providing rich information and entertainment functions for drivers. The steering wheel is made of leather, which supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth, improving driving comfort. In terms of seats, BMW i4 provides leather imitation, genuine leather and leather /Alcantara mixed materials. The main and auxiliary seats have the functions of front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4-way), leg rest adjustment and lumbar support (4-way), and the front seats also have heating function, which brings comfortable riding experience to passengers. In addition, the car is also equipped with mobile phone wireless charging function and multiple USB/Type-C charging interfaces, which is convenient for users to charge various devices on the road.

The BMW i4 is equipped with a powerful electric engine with a maximum power of 210kW and a maximum torque of 400 Nm, providing abundant power output and excellent acceleration performance.

The owner of car home said that the configuration parameters of Series I’s 3, 5 and X3 are almost the same, only the shell has been changed, and I want to buy the I4 for the sake of personality. Of course, it is still imported, so there is no need to do such a thing as buying it home and deducting the label. The big nostrils are not mediocre at first glance. When I drive out, everyone guesses at 600,000. I’m sorry.

I. Implementation Background and Objectives

According to the requirements of the Action Plan for Promoting the Scale Deployment of the Sixth Edition of Internet Protocol (IPv6) issued by the Central Office and the State Council, the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Main Points of Government Affairs Disclosure in 2018 (Guo Ban Fa [2018] No.23), and the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Pilot Work Plan for Intensive Government Websites (Guo Ban Han [2018] No.71), Shanghai Big Data Center carried out the IPv6 upgrade and transformation of the whole station. At the same time, combined with the intensive platform construction of government websites, it organized and coordinated the websites of 16 district governments and 43 municipal government departments to realize IPv6 access and transformation simultaneously.

Second, the work situation

(a) to complete the "China Shanghai" portal IPv6 upgrade.

In 2018, based on the previous investigation, the Municipal Big Data Center made a work plan for upgrading and transforming the IPv6 portal of China Shanghai, and actively and steadily promoted related work in strict accordance with the work requirements.

The first is to clarify the subject of responsibility.The "China Shanghai" portal is hosted by the General Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government and undertaken by the Municipal Big Data Center. According to the job functions, the City Big Data Center is the main body responsible for the IPv6 deployment and transformation of "China Shanghai" portal website, responsible for implementing the work requirements and coordinating with other relevant departments to promote the IPv6 transformation of "China Shanghai".

The second is to clarify the status quo of the website.In July 2018, all the portals of "China Shanghai" were moved to the government cloud platform of the whole city, and the government cloud platform provided the network and equipment layer infrastructure in a unified way.

The third is to determine the work plan.After research and comparison, it is decided to use the firewall equipment exported from the network side, and use NAT64 protocol to realize the initiative connection of IPv4 network to access IPv6 network.

Figure 1: Business Access Process

NAT64 is a stateful network address and protocol conversion technology, which can realize the address and protocol conversion between IPv6 and IPv4 under TCP, UDP and ICMP protocols. This scheme can directly support IPv6 connection access without affecting the normal operation of the original business. The advantage is that the internal transformation of the data center is small, and it can be launched quickly, thus solving the problem of "skylight" on the page caused by external links.

Figure 2: Network deployment scenarios of 2：NAT64 and DNS64.

The Internet address of "China Shanghai" portal website is bound with the internal load-balancing address, so this time it will be realized by configuring NAT conversion from IPv6 address to IPv4 load-balancing address; This IPv6 address translation configuration is to add an IPv6 address entry on the original basis, without affecting the normal operation of the original IPv4 address.

At the end of 2018, we verified the connectivity, stability and IPv6 network effectiveness of the "China Shanghai" portal website one by one, and achieved the expected results.

(two) actively promote the city’s government website IPv6 upgrade.

The IPv6 transformation of Shanghai municipal government website needs the cooperation of many government departments and manufacturers, and it is difficult to coordinate and solve many tasks such as optical fiber circuit and political cloud network configuration, server networking and domain name resolution.

Since 2019, Shanghai has written the work requirements related to the IPv6 transformation of government websites into the "Annual Work Points of Government Affairs Openness" for two consecutive years. At the same time, according to the Notice of the General Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan for the Construction of Intensive Platform of Shanghai Municipal Government Website (Hu Fu Ban [2019] No.9), we will deploy and promote the IPv6 transformation work together with the intensive work of government websites.

The website architecture of Shanghai municipal government is the interconnection of two platforms in urban areas, the websites of municipal departments are connected to the intensive platform of municipal government websites, and the network and equipment layer infrastructure is provided by the municipal government cloud platform. The 16 district-level platforms are the portal websites of all districts, which are transformed by the government cloud platforms of all districts.

The first is to complete the transformation of IPv6, an intensive platform for government websites.The transformation scope includes the portal website of the municipal government and the websites of 43 government departments. The municipal government cloud platform provides IPv6 addresses for the export of each website, and the municipal big data center applies for domain names for analysis.

Figure 3: IPv6 detection results

The second is to complete the IPv6 address transformation of cloud shield security protection service.The website authorities coordinate and promote Yundun technology providers to provide solutions, and apply for domain name resolution to Shanghai Big Data Center. At present, the websites of four departments using Yundun have all completed the IPv6 address transformation.

The third is to urge all commissions and bureaus to complete the IPv6 transformation of website dynamic link.Because most of the dynamic link backstage is developed and operated by the commissions, the IPv6 transformation of the website except the intensive part needs to be coordinated by the commissions. At present, most of the links have been transformed, and the IPv6 accessibility rate of the websites of various commissions and bureaus is basically above 90%.

The fourth is to complete the IPv6 address transformation of the portal website of the district government.The competent authorities of the portal websites of each district government formulated and implemented the upgrading scheme of the portal websites of this district government, and all 16 districts chose the cloud conversion service scheme to complete the IPv6 transformation.

Third, the effectiveness of the work

After intensive transformation, the use of IP in government websites has also changed from "multiple sites at one site" to "multiple sites at one site", and unified domain name resolution has been used to reduce the occupation of resources and greatly improve the efficiency of IPv6 upgrading.

At the end of 2020, the General Office of the State Council conducted a spot check on the IPv6 transformation of the national government websites. The websites of "China Shanghai" and 16 district governments all passed the retest, and the pass rate of the second and third level links exceeded 90%.

Fourth, work highlights

(1) Overall planning and unified deployment.The IPv6 transformation of government websites is a systematic project. From intensive integration to IPv6 transformation and deployment, it involves many contents, manufacturers and technical teams, and needs support from all sides. Shanghai Big Data Center actively cooperates with the general office of the municipal government to strengthen overall coordination and do a good job of communication and connection with technical support, construction trustees and network operators. After the transformation of IPv6, users of both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols can access it normally, so that government websites have many functions and services, and their normal use and access will not be affected.

(2) Intensive construction and simultaneous advancement.Shanghai Big Data Center reused the experience of "China Shanghai" IPv6 upgrade in the construction of intensive platform, and accelerated the deployment of IPv6 after relying on the intensive platform to solve most of the "external chain" problems. In 2019, relying on the intensive platform, it completed the IPv6 transformation of the city’s government websites in a unified way, and really achieved resource intensive.

(three) supervision and inspection to ensure the effectiveness.According to the Inspection Index of Government Websites and Government Affairs New Media and the Annual Assessment Index of Government Websites and Government Affairs New Media Supervision formulated by the General Office of the State Council, the Shanghai Big Data Center will bring the IPv6 upgrading of the government websites into the supervision from 2019. From July, 2020, report the IPv6 upgrade and transformation of the homepage of each website every month; At the same time, this work will be included in the annual evaluation of government websites to maintain the effectiveness of IPv6 upgrading.

　　[Pacific Auto Network Car Channel]In addition, the car oil that car owners are most concerned about is it. But for ordinary car owners, they are often confused when choosing engine oil — — What kind of engine oil is suitable for my car? Is there any better engine oil that can improve my engine power and reduce noise? How many kilometers is the oil change mileage? Can it be extended? We will answer all these questions in the series of articles on selecting engine oil for beginners.

● Two important parameters of engine oil

　　When choosing engine oil, we mainly care about two parameters — — SAE viscosity grade and API quality grade. These two parameters will be clearly marked on the oil tank body. Let’s take a closer look at the details of these two parameters.

● SAE viscosity grade

　

　　The viscosity of common engine oils on the market is classified by SAE (American Society of Automotive Engineers) standard. The tank body of engine oil will be printed with the corresponding engine oil viscosity value, such as "0W30". The "0" before the "W" in "0W30" indicates the oil.Low temperature viscosityThe grade is grade 0, and the "30" after "W" indicates the oil.High temperature viscosityThe level is level 30.

● Whether an engine oil is suitable in winter should not only look at the low temperature viscosity, but the "pour point" is the most important!

　　SAE specifies the apparent viscosity ranges of 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W and 20W engine oils at -35℃, -30℃, -15℃, -10℃ and -5℃ respectively. The smaller the number before "W", the better the low-temperature fluidity of this oil.At this point, some car owners will ask, is it necessary to use 5W or 0W engine oil when the temperature is below -30℃ in winter? Actually, it’s not like this.

　　The low-temperature viscosity grade only indicates the fluidity of engine oil at a specific temperature, which is not directly related to the environmental temperature of the vehicle. To determine whether the fluidity of engine oil is sufficient at a specific ambient temperature, we should pay attention to another important parameter of engine oil, that is, pour point (in degrees Celsius).Pour point is the lowest temperature at which engine oil can flow in a low temperature environment. We suggest that northern car owners choose engine oil whose pour point is about 10℃ lower than the lowest temperature in winter.

　

How to check the pour point parameters?
　　Pour point data of engine oil products can be found in official website, the engine oil manufacturer. Xiaobian queryMobil、, Shell, KunlunOfficial website, except Shell’s official website, other brands of official website have provided the corresponding pour point data of engine oil products.

Mobil 1:
http://www.mobil.ca/Canada-English-LCW/carengineoils_products_mobil-1_0w40.aspx#
Castrol Jinjiahu:
http://www.castrol.com/castrol/productdetail.do? categoryId=9040507&contentId=6030785
Kunlun Tianyuan SM:
http://www.kunlunlube.com.cn/rhy/pro/jiaoche/jiaoche_01_01.htm　

　

● The high temperature viscosity of engine oil should be determined according to the structural parameters of the engine.

　　The high temperature viscosity grade is calibrated according to the dynamic viscosity value of engine oil at 100℃. It expresses the viscosity of engine oil under the engine warm-up condition (generally about 100℃). The higher the high-temperature viscosity grade, the greater the viscosity of engine oil when the engine is warm-up.The selection of high temperature viscosity parameters of engine oil should be determined according to the engine structure design. The average car owner can’t know the engine structure of the vehicle better than that, soWe should choose high temperature viscosity parameters according to the maintenance data marked in the manufacturer’s manual..

● The dynamic viscosity at 100℃ determines whether the oil is fuel-efficient and low noise or high speed and high protection.

　　The actual measured values of dynamic viscosity at 100℃ of different brands of products with the same high temperature viscosity grade are different, and the lower dynamic viscosity at 100℃ can reduce and reduce engine noise; A higher dynamic viscosity at 100℃ will better protect the engine at ultra-high speed.Xiao Bian believes that according to the actual use of your car, if you use the car in urban areas and drive gently, it is recommended to use engine oil products with low dynamic viscosity at 100℃; If you like to occasionally compare with others to accelerate, it is recommended to use engine oil products with high dynamic viscosity at 100℃. How to check the dynamic viscosity of engine oil products? Like pour point data, it can be found in official website, the engine oil manufacturer.

● Editorial suggestions

　　For southern users, choosing a lower low temperature viscosity can improve the starting performance, at the same time, make the engine oil temperature rise faster and reach the appropriate engine oil working temperature and viscosity faster. For northern users, the low-temperature viscosity should be based on the local lowest temperature in winter to choose the engine oil with appropriate pour point parameters.

　　As for the high-temperature viscosity parameters, if you are a person who is afraid of trouble, you can buy oil directly according to the maintenance data in the manual. If you are an advanced user, you should pay attention to the dynamic viscosity data at 100℃ published by the manufacturer. By comparing the 100℃ dynamic viscosity data of engine oils with the same viscosity grade, we can find out the engine oils that can reduce fuel consumption and noise (relatively low dynamic viscosity) and protect the engine better at high speed and high load (relatively high dynamic viscosity).

● Case analysis

　

　　How should we choose according to different car use situations? The above is the parameter list of three oil products. If the lowest temperature in winter in our area is around -35℃, then we should choose Mobil No.1 5W30 with a pour point of -42℃. For car owners in southern China, they don’t have to pay too much attention to the pour point data of engine oil, so they should choose Castrol Jinjiahu or Mobil Suba 2000 with lower dynamic viscosity at 100℃ (both dynamic viscosities at 100℃ are 10.7). This can reduce the fuel consumption and noise of the engine.

　

　

　

● User comments are wonderful:

1/F Pacific iPhone Client User 06-07 19:19:04
It’s no use burning engine oil with total synthesis.

Editor’s comment:Audi cars are widely used in current models, EA113 and these three cast iron cylinder engines. The engine warm-up temperature is designed to be higher, so the gap between the ring and the cylinder liner is larger. Volkswagen requires the use of 5W40 engine oil, but also requires the high-temperature and high-shear viscosity of the engine oil to reach 3.5cP. The high-temperature and high-shear viscosity of a large part of commercial engine oil with viscosity of 5W40 only reaches the level of 2.7-2.9cP, so it is natural to burn engine oil. I found a Mobil No.1 0W40 engine oil in the market, and its high-temperature and high-shear viscosity reaches 3.6cP, which can meet the requirements of Volkswagen engine statistically. You can try it next time you change the oil.

2nd Floor Pacific iPhone Client User 06-07 22:40:26
I don’t quite understand it, but I understand that if there is often a behavior of pulling up the speed, I should choose a high viscosity. However, there is little difference between the three data introduced. It should not be as high as possible, right? Any other introductions?

Editor’s comment:Suppose your car officially requires 5W30 engine oil, then you can go to official website to check the dynamic viscosity data of various engine oils at 100℃. If you often suddenly step on the accelerator and increase the speed, then choose 5W30 engine oil with relatively high dynamic viscosity at 100℃ among the products of various manufacturers, which will protect the engine better; If you drive smoothly and use high speed, using 5W30 engine oil with relatively low dynamic viscosity at 100℃ can reduce noise and fuel consumption.

Castrol doesn’t have 5w-30 grade engine oil, is it a trust?

Editor’s comment:Castrol has 5W30 viscosity engine oil products in several series. Here is a link to the data parameters of Castrol Jinjiahu:http://www.castrol.com/liveassets/bp_internet/castrol/castrol_usa/STAGING/local_assets/downloads/p,q/pds_castrol_gtx_2010.pdf

17th Floor, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province 06-08 10:45:01
If you often go to the track, the minimum shift gear is 4500, which is basically 5500-6500 rpm. Is 0W40 or 10W60 better? The original factory requires 5W30.

Editor’s comment:As far as I know, the train type uses 10W60 engine oil. In fact, whether to choose 0W40 or 10W60 depends on whether you often use the car on the track or in the city. As for the racing car, the car has been warmed up before the race, and it will often accelerate rapidly and maintain a high speed during the race, so the use of 10W60 is to ensure that the friction pairs can be properly lubricated when they are in extremely high temperature. However, using 0W40 is really not suitable for racing cars, mainly because it can’t provide suitable viscosity to lubricate the engine under intense driving conditions.

The high-temperature and high-shear viscosity of ordinary engine oil at 200℃ is as low as 2.0cP. Obviously, this viscosity is not an ideal viscosity that can provide sufficient protection for the engine. It is suggested to find an engine oil product whose high shear viscosity at 200℃ can be higher than 2.6cP. Generally speaking, it is easier to find products that meet the requirements in 10W60 engine oil, and few products in 0W40 engine oil can reach this value.

Racing car running downtown, using 10W60, which is quite expensive and noisy.

　

● API quality grade

　　Generally speaking, our quality grades will be identified by API standards, that is, "SJ", "SL", "SM" or "SN" we see on the engine oil tank. The more the letters after "S" are sorted, the better the durability and quality of the oil. For example, "SM" will be superior to "SL". API stands for american petroleum institute’s evaluation standard of engine oil quality grade.

● There is a difference between "All synthetic engine oil" and "Mineral Oil".

　　Generally, we often refer to the whole of synthetic engine oil, and its grade is generally "SM" or "Sn"; The grade of semi-synthetic engine oil is generally "SL" or "SM"; The grade of mineral oil is generally SJ.

　　Generally, the classification of engine oil grades needs to pass professional laboratory tests, which contain a lot of durability tests, such as soot test. The engine oil that meets the requirements of "SN" must meet the requirements of "SJ", "SL" and "SM", and so on.

Low viscosity grade of "all synthetic engine oil" and "mineral oil" new oil performance index is similar.

　　So as car owners, what should we pay attention to when choosing the oil grade?First of all, we must understand that the new oil performance index of synthetic engine oil with the same viscosity grade is similar to that of ordinary mineral oil, and the difference between them lies in stability, durability and cleanliness.Therefore, when choosing engine oil, we should pay more attention to our car habits and the expected oil change cycle.

● Case analysis

　

　　A mineral oil and a synthetic engine oil-wide parameter are listed above. It can be seen that their API grades are quite different, which shows that the durability of the two oils is quite different, that is, the oil change cycle of the two oils is very different.In addition, their total base number is nearly doubled.The total base number of engine oil indicates the cleaning ability of engine oil, which is why synthetic engine oil boasts that it can avoid sludge formation and has a cleaning effect on the engine.

● Editorial suggestions

　　Generally speaking, the engine oil can be changed every 10,000 kilometers with engines from all over synthetic engine oil, but the engine oil with mineral oil needs to be changed less than 5,000 kilometers. On the market, the price of 4L in synthetic engine oil is about 450 yuan, the price of semi-synthetic engine oil is about 260 yuan, and the price of mineral oil is about 150 yuan. Considering that the oil change cycle in synthetic engine oil is doubled and it has a good cleaning effect on the engine, its cost performance is not as low as expected. For operating vehicles, it is more cost-effective to travel a long distance in a short time, with short oil change cycle, low durability and fast performance attenuation.

　　If we choose one of the two oils mentioned above, for ordinary family cars, we should choose Mobil 1, mainly considering that its "SN" quality can bring longer oil change mileage and better engine cleaning ability; For operating vehicles, Kunlun 8000 should be selected, so as to obtain the highest cost performance, reduce costs and increase profits in a short oil change cycle.

Summary:

　

　　Two important performance parameters of engine oil are SAE viscosity grade and API quality grade respectively.

　　The low-temperature viscosity parameter of engine oil represents the fluidity of engine oil at a specific temperature, which is not directly related to the environmental temperature of the vehicle. To determine whether the fluidity of engine oil is sufficient at a specific ambient temperature, we should pay attention to the pour point parameters of engine oil.

　　The high temperature viscosity parameters of engine oil should be selected according to the structure and design of engine. It is most convenient and reliable to select the high temperature viscosity of engine oil by referring to the engine oil viscosity parameters in the vehicle manual. Advanced users can check the dynamic viscosity data of engine oil products at 100℃ in official website, an engine oil manufacturer, and choose engine oil products with lower noise (relatively low dynamic viscosity) or better protection performance from high to high load (relatively high dynamic viscosity).

　　In synthetic engine oil, the grade is generally "SM" or "Sn"; The grade of semi-synthetic engine oil is generally "SL" or "SM"; The grade of mineral oil is generally SJ. There is little difference in performance indexes between all synthetic engine oil and ordinary mineral oil with the same viscosity grade, but the difference between them lies in stability, durability and cleanliness to the engine.

　　The editor’s suggestion is that ordinary household users should use the whole synthetic engine oil and set the oil change interval at 9000-10000 km. The operating vehicles can use mineral oil, and the oil change cycle should not exceed two months due to the long mileage per unit time.

On September 1st, Xpeng Motors released its sales results as usual. Data show that from January to August this year, the cumulative sales volume in Xpeng Motors was 77,209 vehicles, up 17% year-on-year, which is far from the annual sales target of 280,000 vehicles set at the beginning of this year.

On August 27th, it went public. According to the official, orders exceeded 10,000 units after 52 minutes of sale, and orders broke 30,000 units after 48 hours of listing.

Compared with the actual delivery volume, there is a certain "moisture" in the order volume. For most brand models, users can unsubscribe after paying the deposit.

However, MONA M03 in Tucki gained a high popularity in a short period of time, which still injected confidence into Xpeng Motors invisibly. Perhaps, can Xpeng Motors achieve or approach the goals set at the beginning of the year in 2024; This car will play a key role in whether Xpeng Motors can return to the first echelon of new car-making forces in the future.

However, while Tucki MONA M03 may have the ability to bring Xpeng Motors back to life, this car will also bring greater challenges to Xpeng Motors.

Life in Xpeng Motors is hard.

At present, except for a few brands, many brands in China automobile industry are having a hard time. Downward sales, internal layoffs, and the glory of the joint venture brand is gone; Weimar, Gao He and other once brilliant new forces in building cars have either gone bankrupt or been sentenced to death with a reprieve; Traditional strongmen such as the Great Wall and Ai ‘an are facing great sales pressure this year after experiencing their own highlights.

Many years ago, many experts and scholars thought that only a few brands would "survive" in China’s automobile industry in the future. Recently, Xpeng Motors, chairman and CEO, once again publicly stated this view: "In the next 10 years, there will be only seven mainstream brands in China."

FAW, Dongfeng, Chang ‘an, BAIC, SAIC, GAC, Geely, BYD, Great Wall, Weilai, Tucki, Ideality, Sailis, Jianghuai, etc., are not joint venture brands, but only self-owned brand car companies, and there are not only seven casually.

In He Xiaopeng’s mind, among the brands that will "survive" after 10 years, there will definitely be Xpeng Motors. However, if there are only seven "places" in the end, besides He Xiaopeng and his die-hard, who will firmly believe that Xpeng Motors will be included?

Just look at the new forces camp, as one of the "top cards", Xpeng Motors has been in a state of obvious backwardness. In the first eight months of this year, the cumulative sales volume in Xpeng Motors was less than 80,000 vehicles, and the average monthly sales volume was less than 10,000 vehicles. Xpeng Motors’s opponents, however, are mostly in a state of triumph.

From January to August, Weilai Automobile delivered a total of 128,000 new cars, LI delivered a total of 288,000 new cars, retail cars delivered 140,000 new cars, and HarmonyOS Zhixing delivered 270,000 new cars. Among the mainstream brands of new power in car making, the sales volume is not as good as that of Xpeng Motors.

Not only did sales fall short of expectations, but Xpeng Motors was also under pressure in financial reporting.

According to the latest financial data released by Xpeng Motors, in the first half of this year, Xpeng Motors suffered a net loss of 2.65 billion yuan, of which in the second quarter, the net loss was 1.28 billion yuan. At the same time, in terms of gross profit margin, Xpeng Motors’s gross profit margin in the first half of this year was 13.5%, although it reversed the negative gross profit margin in the same period last year. However, there is still a big gap between LI and the first echelon, and the gross profit margin of LI in the first quarter remains around 20%.

Xpeng Motors gambles intelligently.

I believe that how to return to the first echelon is the greatest wish of Xpeng Motors, and the answer given by He Xiaopeng is: intelligence. Before He Xiaopeng made the prediction of "7 companies in 10 years", there was still a sentence-"With the arrival of the AI ? ? big model era". That is to say, He Xiaopeng believes that many of the above-mentioned more than 10 car companies will be eliminated in the AI ? ? big model era, while Xpeng Motors will take this opportunity to stand on the forefront.

Earlier, He Xiaopeng publicly stated: "Even if Xpeng Motors is in the most difficult moment in 2019, it has never cut its investment in smart driving." In 2024 alone, the annual R&D expenditure of artificial intelligence in Xpeng Motors is as high as 3.5 billion yuan, and the advanced layout will be realized at the computing infrastructure level.

With the investment of huge R&D expenses, Xpeng Motors has made great achievements in intelligence, especially on the track of intelligent driving, and Xpeng Motors is a model of domestic car companies.

At the "AI Intelligent Driving Technology Conference" held in Xpeng Motors, He Xiaopeng said: "Xpeng Motors is the only car company that has achieved end-to-end mass production of large models." As for the first one, there is no doubt that it is Tesla, a global industry benchmark.

Xpeng Motors’s end-to-end big model technology route mainly consists of three parts, namely, neural network XNet, regulatory big model XPlanner and big language model XBrain. Relying on the end-to-end large-scale model technology, Xpeng Motors’s intelligent driving system XNGP has been successfully upgraded from "all available in the country" to a new stage of "all available in the country". Specifically, it is not limited to cities, routes and road conditions.

At that time, Xpeng Motors also said that XNGP has been tested and verified by real vehicles in more than 2,595 cities, with a cumulative test mileage of over 7.56 million kilometers, conveying that Tucki attaches great importance to the safety of smart driving with a saturated smart driving test that is rare in the industry.

In addition to riding on the smart driving track, Xpeng Motors also realized her desire to increase her income by relying on technology research and development. It is reported that in the first quarter of this year, Xpeng Motors’s service and other income was about 1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 93.1%. Xpeng Motors said that this part of the revenue growth mainly comes from the technology research and development services provided by Xpeng Motors for Volkswagen’s platform and software strategy technology.

MONA M03, the steel wire at the foot of Xpeng Motors.

Relying on the development of intelligence, Xpeng Motors saw the dawn of soaring again. At the same time, intelligent driving has become the biggest advantage of the new car MONA M03.

MONA M03 not only has Snapdragon 8155 chip, but also comes standard with 20+ intelligent sensing hardware, including 2 millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars and 7 cameras. The standard version of this car has L2-class intelligent driving ability and intelligent parking in the whole scene, while the MAX-class intelligent driving version is directly equipped with three millimeter-wave radars and dual NVIDIA DRIVE Orin chips, and is equipped with Tucki XNGP pure vision high-order intelligent driving assistance, which is the only urban high-order intelligent driving pure electric hatchback supporting pure vision processing scheme within 200,000.

Importantly, the price of MONA M03 is only 119,800-155,800 yuan.

Such a low price makes the market prospect of this car infinitely bright. According to the data of the National Information Center, at present, the high-level intelligent driving equipment rate of new energy vehicles with more than 300,000 yuan in China is nearly 100%. In the domestic passenger car market, the allocation rate of high-order intelligent driving is close to 0% for new energy vehicles in the market range of 80,000-200,000 yuan, which accounts for 74%.

But at the same time, it is hard to imagine how Xpeng Motors can make money with MONA M03 at such a low price. Yu Chengdong, managing director of Huawei, chairman of BG, and chairman of BU, a smart car solution, has publicly stated that Huawei’s high-end smart cars with a price below 300,000 yuan are actually sold at a loss.

In other words, Xpeng Motors’s decentralization of high-level intelligent driving to a market segment of 150,000 yuan means potential cost pressure and risks. However, He Xiaopeng is confident that MONA M03 can still make a profit even though it is sold cheaply. All pricing strategies must be based on reasonable profits. Through technological innovation and cost control, Xpeng Motors is confident to achieve profitability while ensuring product strength.

Regardless of whether it can make a profit in the end, at least for now, the sales of MONA M03 should be good. However, the potential risk of MONA M03 may be higher than the potential sales.

Many people know that the birth of MONA has a great relationship with the online car giant Didi. I even know that the sales of MONA M03 may be dripping. This also makes people think that MONA M03 will eventually become a special car for the online car market.

Yang Guang, the person in charge of MONA series products in Tucki, said that MONA does not make a "taxi version": the hatchback coupe is less competitive in making a network car; It is difficult to take care of both the network car and the C-end car, which will do harm to users. But at the same time, Yang Guang also said that MONA M03 can take into account the online car market. "But if you are willing to take M03 to run a car online, it will definitely be OK," said Yang Guangru.

Indeed, it is very difficult to take into account the B-end and C-end markets, and many brand models have already tasted the bitterness of failure. For example, Guangzhou Automobile Ai ‘an.

Nowadays, almost a consensus has been reached in the industry. The development of the online car market has made Ai ‘an taste the sweetness and seriously damaged their brand image. Ai’ an has successively launched models such as AION S Plus and AION S Max in an attempt to save the hearts of C-end users, but the online car label has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. On the one hand, C-end users avoid it; On the other hand, the B-end user group is still growing, and the situation in Ai ‘an has reached a stage where it is difficult to return.

In this way, the MONA M03 carefully built by He Xiaopeng is indeed facing great challenges. A little careless, Xpeng Motors is undoubtedly in the poison to quench thirst.