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The State Council general office government information Yu government affairs public office

On standardizing the government information disclosure platform

Notice of relevant matters

State Office Opening Letter [2019] No.61

General offices of the people’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and general offices (rooms) of ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

Article 24 of the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "People’s governments at all levels should strengthen the work of opening government information by relying on government portals, and make use of a unified platform for opening government information to release government information voluntarily. The government information disclosure platform should have the functions of information retrieval, consulting and downloading. " In order to better implement this provision, standardize the setting of government information disclosure platform, enhance the effectiveness of active disclosure and strengthen government information management, the following opinions are put forward:

First, find the right location

The government information disclosure platform is an open platform for releasing the statutory voluntary disclosure content and a management platform for strengthening the management of key government information. The contents of voluntary disclosure established in the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information in People’s Republic of China (PRC), especially the common basic contents of administrative organs stipulated in Article 20, are the key government information that the public pays close attention to. It is necessary to firmly grasp the basic orientation of "special column surname", focus on the statutory voluntary disclosure content, and show the unique value of the government information disclosure platform with the release and management of specialized content, so as to make it an authoritative channel for the public to obtain key government information conveniently and comprehensively. The government information disclosure platform of various administrative organs is the basis for people’s governments at all levels to unify the government information disclosure platform, and it is necessary to unify the name and format and strengthen the standardization.

Second, unified norms

Government information disclosure platform, in principle, based on the existing columns of "government information disclosure" and "government affairs disclosure" on the websites of administrative organs, does not set up special columns, and may not set up special websites. If the column "Government Information Disclosure" is not set, or if there is a similar column but other names are used, it shall be uniformly set and named "Government Information Disclosure" and displayed on the homepage of the website. There is no separate website of the administrative organs, the government information disclosure platform settings, by the corresponding government information disclosure work departments to co-ordinate arrangements.

The content of the government information disclosure platform mainly consists of four parts. The first is the guide to government information disclosure. Second, the government information disclosure system, including the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on Government Information Disclosure, local regulations, autonomous regulations, separate regulations and rules on government information disclosure, and explanatory documents issued by the national government information disclosure department, does not include other institutional documents in principle. The third is the statutory voluntary disclosure of content, mainly based on the common basic content stipulated in Article 20 of the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information in People’s Republic of China (PRC). The fourth is the annual report on government information disclosure, in which the administrative organs disclose their annual reports on government information disclosure, the competent departments of government information disclosure disclose the annual reports on government information disclosure summarized by the government at the corresponding level or the system, and the annual reports on government information disclosure of their respective administrative organs. According to their actual situation, the administrative organs can add other contents stipulated in the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Openness of Government Information, but it should not be too generalized.

According to the above requirements, the China Government Network Operation Center has designed a "reference scheme for page design of government information disclosure columns" for reference.

Third, optimize the function

The content published by the government information disclosure platform covers the basis and results of administrative organs in managing society and serving the public, and should be authoritative, accurate, comprehensive and easy to obtain and use. To optimize the page setting of columns, we should use lists, hyperlinks and other ways to present relevant content, so as to avoid being disorganized due to the large amount of information. It is necessary to optimize the column retrieval function to facilitate the public to obtain the needed government information quickly and accurately. It is necessary to optimize the download function of columns, enrich the downloadable formats, and prevent tampering and forgery through modern technical means. It is necessary to optimize the interconnection function of column data, reserve necessary data exchange interfaces, facilitate the docking between government information disclosure platforms at all levels, and lay a good foundation for the next step of building a unified national government information disclosure platform.

Fourth, pay attention to convergence

Some of the statutory voluntary disclosure contents released by the government information disclosure platform may overlap with other columns of the website of the administrative organ, such as the basis for performing duties and the introduction of the organ; Some of them may overlap with other special websites, such as administrative punishment information disclosed by various administrative organs and administrative punishment information in "National Enterprise Credit Information Publicity System", government debt information disclosed by local governments at all levels and government debt information in "China Local Government Bond Information Publicity Platform". Attention should be paid to strengthening cohesion, insisting on data homology, data in other columns of the website of the administrative organ, and data provided by the administrative organ to other special websites according to law, which involve overlapping and duplication. In principle, the data on the government information disclosure platform should be used as a benchmark to maintain data consistency to the maximum extent.

V. Strengthening management

The statutory voluntary disclosure content released by the government information disclosure platform involves all aspects of the work of administrative organs and reflects the work dynamics of administrative organs. It is necessary to strengthen the management of the government information disclosure platform, and timely release and update the statutory voluntary disclosure content in real time according to the statutory time limit. To clarify the responsibilities, the leaders in charge of government information disclosure of administrative organs are the first responsible persons, and the government information disclosure agencies of administrative organs are the legal responsible subjects, responsible for promoting and coordinating the construction and management of government information disclosure platforms. The competent departments of government information disclosure should take the construction and management of government information disclosure platform as an important part of promotion, guidance, coordination and supervision.

The State Council general office government information Yu government affairs public office

November 29, 2019

Download attachment: reference scheme for page design of government information disclosure column

　　The picture shows the prosecutor distributing publicity materials to students at school.

　　(Reporter Tao Qiang correspondent Liu Zhenyu) "Is national security far from us?" "Will foreign spies turn against college students?"

　　On April 12th, on the occasion of the 6th National Security Education Day, the procurator of the First Branch of Tianjin Procuratorate walked into Tianjin University and gave a special lecture on the topic "National Security is Around You and Me" to enhance the national security awareness of college teachers and students, and to prevent and resolve the activities of rebellion, infiltration, subversion and sabotage abroad. Hundreds of teachers and students listened to the lecture through on-site and online meetings.

　　Prosecutors combined with many cases against college students handled by procuratorial organs in recent years, and gave a targeted lecture on the risk challenges facing China’s national security and the main contents of the overall national security concept. Especially in view of the fact that there are many engineering teachers and students in Tianjin University, and they have a large number of sensitive and cutting-edge technical information, which is easy to become the focus of foreign spy intelligence agencies, prosecutors have made suggestions on how to prevent counter-infiltration activities against foreign spies.

　　"I thought that national security was far away from us. I didn’t expect that the national security situation was more dangerous than we thought. We college students should be vigilant, enhance their awareness of the enemy and security, and raise their awareness of confidentiality in daily life, scientific research and online dating. Always tighten the string of national security." After the lecture, a student from Tianjin University Law School said.

　　In addition, the college also preached national security knowledge to campus teachers and students by setting up exhibition boards on campus, distributing brochures and giving on-site explanations, and provided short videos promoting national security for the school website for teachers and students to browse and learn.

　　In recent years, serious urban waterlogging disasters have occurred frequently in many large and medium-sized cities in China. Since 2000, there have been more than 200 urban waterlogging disasters in different degrees every year on average, which not only seriously affected the normal life order of cities, but also caused serious loss of life and property, which has aroused widespread concern from all walks of life.

　　The problem of frequent waterlogging in cities in China is the rapid expansion of city scale.

　　The frequent and serious causes of urban waterlogging disasters in China come from both natural and man-made aspects, but unreasonable social and economic activities are the main reasons for the frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging disasters in China, and the problems reflected by them are mainly the rapid expansion of urban scale.

　　First, the development mode of "above ground first, then underground" leads to the mismatch between the urban waterlogging prevention system and the modern urban development needs. China’s urbanization process is extremely rapid. In the process of the rapid rise of modern cities, due to the development mode of "above ground first, then underground", the drainage system is not up to standard, the city’s flood control and drainage capacity can’t keep up with the rapid development of cities, and the infrastructure, drainage pipe network and flood discharge facilities are not perfect. At the same time, due to poor management, aging and disrepair, pipe network blockage and other problems, the whole waterlogging prevention and control system is extremely incompatible with the development needs of modern cities.

　　Second, with the rapid urbanization process, the area of urban and rural construction land and the density of impervious surface have increased rapidly. The sharp increase of urban hardened area and the decrease of green area directly lead to the increase of storm runoff and the acceleration of confluence speed, thus increasing the risk of urban waterlogging disaster.

　　Third, "land finance" accelerates the reduction of land area with natural flood discharge and drainage function in some cities. Local development depends on "land finance" to a certain extent. In the process of transferring urban construction land, the more low-lying and waterlogged land developers are scrambling to get it, because the demolition is difficult and the investment recovery is fast. Some of the original natural lakes and ponds in the urban area were filled and rebuilt, ditches were blocked and occupied, and the original smooth natural drainage system was destroyed, resulting in the lack of its own drainage capacity within the city.

　　Therefore, the problem of urban waterlogging we are facing is much more difficult than that of developed countries. The prevention and control system of waterlogging in modern cities includes a whole set of systems such as source control, runoff process control and drainage terminal control, not just drainage. The lack of modern waterlogging prevention and control system in cities is not only the lack of pipe network construction, but also comprehensive means such as storage, detention, separation, infiltration and regulation, as well as a series of regulations and policy adjustments.

　　Foreign cities have also experienced a similar process, and gradually formed a "underground first, then above ground" urban construction and expansion model.

　　In fact, the urbanization process in developed countries in Europe and America has gone through a long period, and urban development and construction is also a process of gradual exploration and improvement. The government should plan and build a new urban area, give priority to infrastructure such as underground backbone pipe network, and complete the construction first, so that developers can only pay a good price when they buy land, and it is easy to use loans and financing to raise the initial investment in infrastructure construction, which makes it form the basic dynamic mechanism of the development model of "underground first, then on the ground" in the process of design and planning to urban construction in foreign cities.

　　Japan, South Korea and other countries have also experienced a very rapid stage of urbanization. At that time, it was difficult to avoid the development model of "above ground first, then underground", and they also suffered from frequent urban floods. Later, they all paid great efforts and costs for preventing urban floods.

　　To eradicate urban waterlogging, it is necessary to develop urban land in the mode of "planning first, then construction" and "underground first, then above ground", and at the same time actively promote the construction of sponge city.

　　First, attention must be paid to flood control and drainage in the urban planning and construction stage. To build a complete waterlogging prevention and control system, we should plan from three levels, one is river basin planning, the other is urban planning, and the third is community planning. Different levels of planning should solve different problems and explore their own reasonable and feasible solutions according to local conditions. Systematic planning of drainage facilities, combining water conservancy with municipal planning and design, planning of rainwater control and utilization of storage facilities from the source, rational planning of construction land, not arbitrarily burying and occupying areas with flood storage and drainage capacity such as existing internal rivers and ditches and ponds, minimizing the hardened area of the ground in road design, and increasing the green area by using infiltration pavement, which not only beautifies the environment, but also increases the infiltration and implication of rainwater.

　　The second is to develop urban land in strict accordance with the "underground first, then above ground" model. For the new urban development area, the way of building common ditches (water supply, gas supply, heating, power supply, oil supply, communication, network and drainage) is adopted to form the backbone drainage pipe network, and the development mode of "underground first, then above ground" should be promoted by legislation, and it is stipulated that the inherent discharge flow cannot be increased due to development.

　　The third is to accelerate the construction of sponge cities. Building a sponge city can improve the living environment, alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, reduce the urban heat island effect, reduce the losses caused by urban floods, and make the land effectively used in value. Realize the maximization of its economic, social and environmental benefits. The construction of sponge city should follow the principles of ecological priority, combine natural ways with artificial measures, realize the accumulation, infiltration and purification of rainwater in urban areas to the maximum extent, and promote the utilization of rainwater resources and ecological environment protection under the premise of ensuring the safety of urban drainage and waterlogging prevention. In the process of sponge city construction, we should coordinate the systematicness of natural precipitation, surface water and groundwater, coordinate all aspects of water supply and drainage, and consider its complexity and long-term nature.

　　International experience shows that the urbanization rate of population is 30-60%, which is a stage of rapid development of urbanization in a country or region, and the process in China is even more rapid. Under the background that there are too many debts in urban infrastructure construction in the early stage, the process of urbanization aggravating the flood risk is not over yet, and the pressure caused by the rapid economic development in the early stage continues to increase and the challenges continue to increase. It is of great significance to curb the frequent and serious situation of urban waterlogging disasters in China as soon as possible and control them well for the steady development and promotion of urbanization in China.

　　(Author: Industrial Layout Research Office of China Academy of Social Sciences)

Analysis on the Development of China’s Study Abroad Industry in 2019

With the economic globalization, China’s economic growth, the promotion of its international status and the greater pressure of domestic competition for schooling, the number of people studying abroad has also increased year by year. In 2018, the number of students studying abroad in China was 662,000, an increase of 8.88% year-on-year. It is estimated that the number of students studying abroad in 2019 will be around 710,000.

H1 In 2019, the United States and Britain are the main destinations for Chinese students studying abroad. In 2019, China’s overseas returnees’ intentional industries were mainly Internet /IT industries, and the development cities were mainly first-tier, new first-tier and second-tier cities. In 2019, 34% of Chinese returnees’ salaries were basically in line with expectations, and 44% were lower than expected.

1. The number of students studying abroad in China is increasing year by year. In 2019, the number of students studying abroad in China was nearly 710,000.

From 2013 to 2018, the number of Chinese students studying abroad increased year by year, and the growth rate fluctuated greatly. In 2018, the number of Chinese students studying abroad was 662,000, an increase of 8.88%. Among them, there are 30,200 public schools, 35,600 public schools and 596,300 students studying abroad at their own expense. It is estimated that the number of students studying abroad in 2019 will be around 710,000.

(Note: The growth rate of overseas students in 2017 was 11.76%)

2. In 2019, H1, the intention of Chinese students studying abroad to study in the United States and the United Kingdom is far ahead, and their intention to study abroad is higher than 40%.

In the first half of 2019, the United States had the highest intention of studying abroad, followed by Britain, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Japan and Germany. The intention of studying abroad in the United States and Britain was far ahead, with 43% and 41% respectively.

2. In 2019, the intentional industry of overseas returnees in China was mainly the Internet /IT industry.

In 2019, Internet /IT industry was the main industry for overseas returnees in China, with an entry intention of nearly 32.5%, followed by finance, finance, and overseas Chinese, with an entry intention of 11.40%, 10.60% and 9.70% respectively.

4. In 2019, China returnees mainly stayed in first-tier, new first-tier and second-tier cities.

In 2019, 37.5% of returnees in China intend to develop in first-tier cities, and 22.30% intend to develop in new first-tier cities.

5. In 2019, 34% of the returnees’ salaries in China basically met expectations, while 44% were lower than expectations.

In 2019, the salary of 34% returnees in China basically met expectations, an increase of 15% compared with 2018; There are 44% returnees whose salaries are lower than expected, down 5% from 2018.

For the above data and analysis, please refer to Forward-looking Industry Research Institute, and at the same time Forward-looking Industry Research Institute provides solutions for industry, industrial planning, industrial declaration, industrial park planning and industrial investment attraction.

Special topic: Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan

　　Resolutely win the tough battle of earthquake relief

　　-Interview with Secretary of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, Director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, and the provincial "5? 12 "Liu Qibao, Commander of Earthquake Relief Headquarters.

　　Xinhuanet Chengdu, May 21st (Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Sanjun) On May 21st, it was nine days since the Wenchuan earthquake. How is the progress of earthquake relief work in Sichuan? What is the resettlement situation of the affected people? What are the difficulties and problems? What is the focus of the next disaster relief work? Around these problems, the reporter interviewed the secretary of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, the director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, and the provincial "5? 12 "Liu Qibao, Commander of Earthquake Relief Headquarters.

　　Liu Qibao said that the disaster caused by the Wenchuan earthquake was enormous. According to preliminary statistics, the hardest hit area in Sichuan is about 100,000 square kilometers, involving 88 counties (cities, districts) and 1,204 townships, with a population of about 28 million. Among them, there are more than 20 counties (cities, districts) with a population of nearly 3.5 million.

　　Liu Qibao said that the losses caused by the Wenchuan earthquake were various and very heavy. The first is the huge casualties. As of 16: 00 on the 21st, the death toll has risen to 40,854, and the number of injured has reached 263,395. Secondly, the material loss is huge, a large number of houses have been destroyed, and infrastructure such as roads, railways, communications, water supply and power supply have been seriously damaged; In addition, the mental trauma of the people in the disaster area is also enormous. Thousands of families lost their loved ones in an instant, and thousands of people were injured and disabled in an instant.

　　Liu Qibao said that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the earthquake disaster in Sichuan, showed great concern for the people in the disaster areas, and exercised strong leadership over the disaster relief work. General Secretary Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao and other central leading comrades personally went to the disaster area to direct the earthquake relief work, which gave us great encouragement and encouragement. People all over the country, many countries and regions are supporting Sichuan in disaster relief, and they have also given us great material and spiritual support.

　　After the earthquake disaster, the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government organized cadres to rush to the front line of the disaster area at the first time, and organized all forces to save people. Saving people is the first priority. Secondly, we organize all forces to restore transportation, communications and related infrastructure as soon as possible to create conditions for further rescue; In addition, a large number of relief materials, including food, medicine and grain, were dispatched to the disaster-stricken areas to properly resettle the lives of the affected people; Organize rescue teams and medical personnel to enter the disaster area to rescue the buried and injured people.

　　Talking about the current progress of disaster relief, Liu Qibao said that from the current situation, the progress of disaster relief work is strong, orderly and effective, and significant progress has been made in disaster relief. Our various rescue forces have dug up more than 60,000 survivors from the ruins, and more than 187,000 wounded people have been treated in various hospitals, including hospitals in other provinces and cities, and tens of thousands of people have been hospitalized. At present, the society in the disaster area is stable, the disaster relief order is normal, and all the work is progressing smoothly.

　　At the same time, Liu Qibao said that the current disaster relief situation is very severe and the time is very urgent. At present, the main task is to put saving people first, including continuing to save the buried people and survivors from the ruins, and at the same time organizing enough forces to treat the wounded. The task of saving people as the first priority runs through the whole disaster relief.

　　Liu Qibao said that there is still an urgent task that has been put on the agenda, that is, to do a good job in resettling the people in the disaster areas. At present, millions of people have encountered great difficulties and are only temporarily resettled. The first priority of resettlement work is to ensure food. Now we are opening warehouses to release grain, and the supply of grain is sufficient. We are organizing emergency transportation to ensure that people have food and water to drink. The second thing that needs to be done urgently is to provide shelter for the affected people, so that they can settle down. We have organized a large number of tents and simple houses for resettlement. This work is in progress, and support from all sides is also great. But at present, tents are still very tight, and all forces are being mobilized. On the one hand, we are stepping up production, and on the other hand, we are bringing them in from outside. The third urgent thing to do is to do a good job in health and epidemic prevention. We have organized a large number of forces to carry out health and epidemic prevention work in disaster areas to prevent a major epidemic after the disaster.

　　Liu Qibao said that other resettlement work is also under way. We should pay special attention to the resettlement of earthquake orphans, the elderly, orphans and disabled people brought about by the disaster, so that they can get a good resettlement. These works are all under way. There is also a need to restore infrastructure, first of all, access. Some time ago, road traffic was damaged, which restricted the disaster relief work. Now, all the severely affected counties have resumed traffic, and the traffic in most towns and villages has basically resumed. The inaccessible places are still under emergency repair. Secondly, the work of ventilation, water supply and electricity supply can keep up and be restored as soon as possible.

　　Liu Qibao said that such a huge disaster can change mountains and rivers, interrupt roads and destroy houses, but it can’t destroy our strong determination in earthquake relief, help the people in the disaster area, and rebuild a beautiful new socialist home on the ruins. The whole party, the whole army and the people of the whole country have provided great selfless assistance to the earthquake relief in our province, but we must never wait, rely on and need it, and no matter how great the difficulties are, we can’t resist the hardworking and brave Sichuan people. We will use our own hands to help ourselves and rebuild our homeland!

　　Finally, Liu Qibao said with emotion that the people in the disaster area suffered hardships and suffered great losses from such a big natural disaster. To overcome this serious disaster, we need United strength, firm confidence and fearless courage! We are fully confident that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and with the support of the people of the whole country, we will unite as one and go all out to win the tough battle of earthquake relief.

Editor: Feng Ye

　　[Pacific Auto Network Car Channel] According to foreign media reports, a China citizen stopped suddenly in the middle of the highway during his vacation in the United States, and then accelerated, which almost caused a car accident. When the American police officer found out, he immediately drove a police car to signal the driver to pull over. However, the China driver, who did not understand the American traffic laws, continued to drive. So, the driver experienced a real version of Grand Theft Auto. After a thrilling high-speed chase (only a few minutes), the illegally driven car was stopped by the American police, and a family of three who were ordered to get off the bus was suddenly stunned because they were surrounded by the police holding a gun. & hellip; …

[California police and China tourists staged a life-and-death chase]

　　After some questioning, the police realized that they were tourists from China who were on vacation. They were not familiar with the traffic regulations in the United States, and they did not understand the police officers’ signal to pull over, which led to this thrilling oolong chase, so they were not punished later.

　　At that time, the husband and wife were with their children, and the boy cried when he saw this scene. An American police officer picked up the child and gave him a commemorative sticker from the police station. They also clapped their hands very lovingly, which eased the boy’s fear.

● Freeway parking = death

　　Why can’t you park on the highway at will? Let’s watch a video first:

　　You should know that no matter what the situation, in which country, you are not allowed to park on the expressway casually, and the cars on the expressway are driving at a very high speed. Once an accident happens, it is quite fatal. Although it is a cliche, there are still many people who disagree, and parking arbitrarily on the expressway will eventually lead to great harm to others and themselves. Moreover, in the United States, the speed of most roads is faster than that in China, and you know how dangerous it is to stop suddenly on the expressway with your toes.

● When driving in the United States, pay attention to whether there is a police car in the rear.

　　In the United States, if the police’s signal is not handled properly, it is easy to see the scene where the American police pull their guns at tourists. If we are driving in the United States, how can we get to know if the police are signaling you to pull over for inspection?

　　Police cars are not often seen on the roads in the United States. If they are encountered, they are mostly dealing with things. When the police intercept a vehicle, they usually just silently follow the vehicle and light up a warning light to signal the driver to park the car on the side of the road as soon as possible. If the driver doesn’t mean to stop, the police car will whistle to warn the driver to pull over. Turn on the direction light before parking, and pull over. After parking, the driverOpen all four windows to see the inside of the car, and put your hands on the steering wheel for the police to see;If there are other passengers in the car, they must keep calm and quiet, and don’t use excessive words and actions, waiting for the police to ask.

　　The police will explain to the driver why he stopped the car. In the meantime, don’t do anything superfluous and follow the instructions of the police officer.Never take the initiative to pull out your driver’s license, lest the police officer mistakenly think that he is pulling out his gun..

　　Summary:Vacation should be a beautiful thing. Don’t ruin your trip or even your family because you don’t understand the "rules". Although you may be "innocent if you don’t know" in front of the police, there is no room for anyone to bargain in front of death. Before traveling abroad, if you have friends who plan to drive by car, suggest, oh, not suggest, but be sure to know the local traffic rules in advance. Little homework can make your trip abroad more beautiful. (Text: Pacific Auto Network Chi Dongning)

　　

　　

　　

　　

　　

　　

　　

　　No China athlete wants to miss the Olympic Games at home. In order to participate in next year’s Beijing Olympic Games, those athletes who are hopeful but have no absolute strength should naturally try their best to attract the attention of all parties. However, if you carry a psychological burden because of this, there may be a result that is not worth the candle.

　　Peng bo, the champion of men’s 3m springboard in Athens Olympic Games, is such a case. On the afternoon of 24th of this month, peng bo, who wanted to prove himself too much, had an accident in the men’s 3m springboard preliminaries. He hit his right ankle hard on the springboard when he flipped in the short, and then he fell into the water, and finally withdrew from the competition due to injury.

　　Peng bo’s big mistake in jumping in Hefei may completely block his dream of next year’s Beijing Olympic Games. Peng bo’s success or failure is really in this jump? No one dares to draw a conclusion yet, but there is not much time left for him.

　　Under pressure, the action is deformed.

　　Peng bo’s unexpected action is 5353B (two and a half somersaults and one and a half bends) with a difficulty coefficient of 3.5, which he has used in the World University Games, military world games, Yantai Olympic trials and other competitions before. Judging from the quality of completion, the two international competitions are good, with scores above 80 points; Both Yantai before and Hefei this time made mistakes: first, they took off for the second time, and this time, their right feet crashed into the water.

　　After retiring from the competition, peng bo could feel that he was very disappointed, although he was calm on the surface. Liu Henglin, the coach, said when analyzing the reasons for peng bo’s defeat, "The rhythm was wrong when he walked out of the board. I felt that he found this problem, so he leaned back. As a result, the position of the whole board was not in place, and the center of gravity was too backward, which led to the foot hitting the springboard after flying."

　　Liu Henglin said that he had never had such a beating in his usual training, and 5353B had mastered it after one year’s training, which should not be a mistake caused by being unfamiliar. He analyzed that peng bo’s psychological instability had something to do with this problem. "He put too much pressure on himself and wanted to win the game too much. After all, he has fallen behind a lot in the competition with his teammates. In addition, when he came back from the military sports meeting, he immediately participated in the competition in Hefei, and he was physically tired. " Liu Henglin said.

　　Peng bo didn’t deny Liu Henglin’s statement. He admitted that this race, the Hefei race, was his best this year, but what he didn’t expect was to worry everyone. "I really hope that everyone can see a brand-new me at this sports meeting, but I didn’t expect it to backfire." Peng bo said so.

　　"nirvana" doesn’t seem so good.

　　Maybe even peng bo himself didn’t expect that the "trick" that he had been practicing hard for a long time would hurt himself.

　　Mention this 5353B, which is a "killer skill" that peng bo has been practicing hard since 2006, especially for the Beijing Olympic Games. There are 6 moves in this set, and the total difficulty coefficient is 19.9, which is only 0.3 lower than that of He Chong, the "king of difficulty". Since peng bo’s comeback, 5353B has really added a lot of luster to his achievements.

　　But in fact, as the "killing skill" that peng bo practiced hard, it is not a particularly big difficulty in the diving world today. Among the players in China, younger players such as He Chong and Qin Kai can easily finish it, and even many small players of local teams have practiced it. Even Wang Feng, who is also a veteran, can finish the 5353B easily, while foreign players, such as Canadian "golden boy" despatie, can also dance beautifully.

　　From this point of view, it seems that it is not a shortcut for peng bo to take part in the Beijing Olympic Games with the action of 5353B.

　　Injuries always like to haunt him

　　Injury, always seems to like dealing with peng bo.

　　After the Athens Olympic Games, peng bo’s physical condition has been unsatisfactory, especially the knee injury has been serious. In the past two years, peng bo has been absent from all major diving competitions and almost evaporated in the diving arena.

　　Apart from injuries, his sports career was not smooth sailing. In 1987, peng bo, who was sickly, was sent to Nanchang Sports School by his father to learn diving, just to strengthen his physique. However, with the gradual exposure of his athletic talent, he likes diving. In 1993, 12-year-old peng bo stood out from the Jiangxi diving team and was sent to the national team for trial training with another teammate. After three months of trial training, his teammate was left behind, but peng bo was returned. "I will come back again." When leaving the national team, peng bo said this. This incident dealt a great blow to peng bo. Since then, he has changed from passive training to active training, and hard training sometimes makes his parents feel distressed. Peng bo won all the gold medals in the men’s platform and springboard in the Jiangxi diving competition held in the following year. In 1998, peng bo finally re-entered the national team at the age of 17.

　　Although his career has suffered many setbacks, the strong Jiangxi man has not given up his Olympic dream. He said that he will try his best to participate in the Beijing Olympic Games next year and make unremitting efforts for the last Olympic Games. When talking about peng bo’s situation, Zhou Jihong, the leader of the China diving team, also said: "Fortunately, the injury is not very serious. peng bo’s career is full of ups and downs … Although suffering can help people grow up, it is too cruel for peng bo’s bumpy old future. “

　　Is success or failure really a jump here?

　　After careful examination, peng bo’s injury is not too serious, but this accident is likely to cast a shadow over peng bo’s Olympic prospects.

　　After peng bo’s accident, both Zhou Jihong, the leader of the China diving team, and Liu Henglin, the coach of peng bo, bluntly said, "Everyone knows that he wants to participate in the Beijing Olympic Games. The question now is, will such a major mistake cause peng bo greater psychological pressure in the future?"

　　Judging from the selection of the Olympic Games, the diving Olympic trials are divided into five stops. Hefei is the last stop this year, and there will be two more next year. After the five stops, those with the top six points in the Olympic trials will enter the Olympic selection list. Peng bo missed the Melbourne World Championships due to injury this year, which means he missed the first stop of the trials. In the second national championship, he made a mistake of taking off twice in the first round and finally won the eighth place. There was an accident of accidental injury in Hefei Station. It can be said that peng bo has not made any achievements in the Olympic trials so far, and now peng bo will have to rest and stop training, and the prospects are bleak.

　　In the competition within the team, compared with Qin Kai and He Chong, peng bo has no advantage in terms of potential or the results of trials. Peng Boxin’s new action 5353B can’t be compared with He Chong’s. He Chong’s most difficult action can already jump out of the 5353b with a difficulty coefficient of 3.9. Qin Kai, which won this year’s World Championship, is also world-class.

　　However, when talking about whether peng bo has basically lost the qualification to compete for the Olympic Games, Zhou Jihong, deputy director of the swimming center and leader of the diving team, said that the candidates could not be decided before the trials were all over.

　　Jumping on the board hurts a lot.

　　On November 21st, 2001, in the women’s 3m springboard synchronized final of the 9th National Games, Li Rongjuan, a Guangdong athlete, slammed her head on the springboard because she took off too close to the board in the last movement. Later, Li Rongjuan was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Fortunately, the injury was not serious.

　　In the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, American star louganis hit his head on the springboard and was injured in the men’s 3m springboard preliminaries. However, he went to the 10-meter platform with injury, and the image of "man of iron" with bandages on his head touched the referee. In the end, he defeated China teenager Xiong Ni and won the championship.

　　In April, 1999, in the National Diving Championship held in Jinan, xiao hailiang, a famous Hubei athlete, slammed his head on the springboard when he was doing the backward somersault for three and a half times in the men’s 3m springboard final, and he lost consciousness on the spot, fell into the water and immediately became bloody in the pool.

　　In the 2005 World Championships, Chelsea Davis, a 17-year-old girl from the United States, hit her head on the springboard and fell face down into the water. Blood flowed out of her nose. The coach immediately jumped into the water and rescued her and took her to the hospital. Fortunately, Chelsea’s injury is not serious, only a few stitches on the bridge of the nose.

　　In the National Games in 2005, Wu Minxia hit the board during his fall because of his poor take-off, and as a result, he was deformed and plunged into the water. Wu Minxia also missed the championship.

　　Resume of peng bo

　　Date of birth: February 18, 1981

　　Place of birth: Nanchang, Jiangxi

　　Height: 165 cm

　　Weight: 62kg

　　Registered unit: PLA

　　Major achievements

　　Champion of synchronized 3m springboard in 2001 World Championships

　　Runner-up and team champion of 3 m springboard in 2002 World Cup

　　3 m springboard synchronized champion in 2002 Asian Games

　　Runner-up in 3-meter springboard in 2003 World Championships

　　In the 2004 World Cup, he won the 3-meter springboard synchronized champion and placed third in the individual.

　　3 m springboard champion in 2004 Olympic Games

　　Biography of characters

　　Peng bo entered Nanchang Children’s Palace to practice gymnastics at the age of 5. At the age of 6, he went to Nanchang Sports School to learn swimming, then practiced diving and joined Jiangxi Sports Team. In July, 1995, after hard training, peng bo was selected by the People’s Liberation Army Bayi Engineering Team. In 1998, peng bo entered the national team. After winning the gold medal in the 2004 Olympic Games, peng bo was regarded as another springboard genius after Xiong Ni.

Editor: Shuo Yang

　

　　First, the specification and practice status of contract concurrence

　　Contract concurrence means that several contracts are "combined without losing their individuality", that is, according to the intention of the parties, multiple contracts are combined with a certain dependency, and the effectiveness of one contract depends on the effectiveness of another contract. When several contracts form a joint contract, if one contract is not established, invalid, cancelled or dissolved, the other contract shall share its fate.

　　Contract concurrence is a new form of contract created to meet the different interests of the parties, which is gradually fixed and typed with the transaction form. For example, the provisions on financial leasing contracts in the Contract Series of the Civil Code continue the contents of the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Applicable Legal Issues in the Trial of Disputes over Financial Leasing Contracts (hereinafter referred to as the Judicial Interpretation of Financial Leasing Contracts). According to Article 754 of the Civil Code, when the sales contract concluded between the lessor and the seller is dissolved, confirmed as invalid or revoked, and the sales contract cannot be re-concluded, the lessor or lessee may dissolve the financial lease contract, that is, the financial asset sales contract and the financial asset lease contract shall share the same fate in effect. Another example is the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Disputes over Commercial Housing Sales Contracts (hereinafter referred to as the Judicial Interpretation of Commercial Housing Sales Contracts), which stipulates that the purpose of the commercial housing secured loan contract cannot be achieved because the commercial housing sales contract is confirmed to be invalid or cancelled or dissolved, and the parties request to dissolve the commercial housing secured loan contract, which should be supported, that is, the commercial housing sales contract and the commercial housing loan contract constitute a contract.

　　In addition to these two judicial interpretations, there are few provisions on the application of the law of simultaneous contract in both legislation and judicial interpretation. In judicial practice, it is extremely difficult to prove that the purpose of the contract cannot be achieved, which is too time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the theory of simultaneous contract can solve disputes more efficiently. According to the relevant judgment documents of China Judgment Document Network, it can be seen that many judges at all levels directly use the theory of simultaneous contract to judge the validity of contracts in their judgments. Moreover, the special judgment rules of contract union are not only embodied in the entity, but also reflected in the procedure. Many judges believe that when several contracts constitute contract union, they should be tried in one case, otherwise the rights and obligations of all parties cannot be clarified. However, at present, the trial ideas of local courts for such disputes have not been unified. In view of this, the judicial determination standard of "simultaneous contract" needs to be clarified.

　　Second, the judicial judgment standard of contract simultaneous.

　　1. The number of contract texts should not be used as a criterion for judging the contract. According to the general theory of academic circles, contracts can be divided into typical contracts and atypical contracts. Nineteen typical contracts stipulated in the Civil Code mainly focus on single transaction and single contract. Modern social and economic exchanges are becoming more and more frequent, and the transaction forms are becoming more and more complicated. Sometimes, the parties have to create new types of contracts in addition to the legal contract types to meet different interests, and atypical contracts have emerged. Atypical contracts can be divided into three types: pure atypical contracts, simultaneous contracts and mixed contracts. Mixed contract and contract combination are quite different from typical contracts that adjust the relationship between a single transaction and a single contract. Mixed contract is still a contract in essence, while contract combination is a combination of several contracts. It can be seen that the number of contractual relationships is very important to judge whether it is a typical contract, a mixed contract or a contract.

　　However, judging the number of contracts cannot be based on the number of contract texts signed by the parties in form. Even if there is only one contract text, it is possible to establish a joint contract. Take the contract of second-hand housing sales contract and intermediary contract as an example. The model of second-hand housing sales contract adopted by many intermediary companies in the market is that the buyer, the seller and the intermediary company agree on the content of second-hand housing sales and the contract of intermediary remuneration and service content in one contract text. Although these two types of contracts are signed in one contract text, although they are two different contractual relationships, Each of them has independent functions of establishing, changing or terminating the relationship of civil rights and obligations, but both of them have an integrated trading function in economy, and their contractual effectiveness affects each other. The invalidity and cancellation of one contract will inevitably affect the effectiveness of the other contract. Therefore, the second-hand housing sales contract and the intermediary contract constitute a joint contract, and the number of contract texts does not affect whether it constitutes a joint contract.

　　2. There is "economic integrity" among several contracts. After searching the China Judgment Document Network, it can be seen that at present, there are the following types of cases in which courts at all levels determine that several contracts constitute a contract: the contract consisting of a commercial housing sales contract and a hotel entrusted management contract; Second-hand housing sales contract and intermediary contract constitute the contract; The contract formed by the commercial housing sales contract and the secured loan contract is simultaneous; The contract formed by the financial loan contract and the pledge supervision contract is simultaneous; The contract formed by the vehicle affiliated contract and the vehicle sales contract is simultaneous; The contract composed of private lending contract and assignment guarantee contract is simultaneous; The contract of consumer contract and credit contract is simultaneous.

　　There is a great difference between contract union and master and slave contracts. Several contracts in contract union have the independence of a single contract, and their establishment and entry into force are not dependent on the master contract as the establishment and entry into force of slave contracts. It is not difficult to see from the main types of simultaneous contracts summarized above that these types all have the common characteristics of integrity for economic purposes. From the perspective of simultaneous contracts, although many contracts may not be unified with each other, and the legal nature of each single contract is also different, no matter from the form of contract signing, the content of contract agreement and the actual way of performance, several contracts are actually mutually conditional and interrelated, and their rights and obligations are inseparable. That is to say, even though the contracts that form a joint contract are independent of each other and their purposes are very different, they all have a common direction and an intention to make one of them better realized.

　　For example, in 53 cases of disputes over pre-sale contracts of commercial housing between Chen Mou et al., judged by Chengdu Intermediate People’s Court and Chengdu Upper Celebrity Investment Company, and in 16 cases of disputes over housing lease contracts between Cheng Moumou et al., judged by Guangyuan Intermediate People’s Court of Sichuan Province and Guangyuan Xinghe Construction Company, the courts all held that although the parties who signed Commercial Housing Sales Contract, Decoration renovation contract and Hotel Entrustment Management Contract were inconsistent, these contracts were integrated in economy, so they were considered to constitute contracts. In the transaction mode of these property-based shops, the rights and obligations of several contracts signed by buyers and developers or affiliated enterprises are inseparable, which jointly realize that buyers purchase houses, and then hand them over to sellers or affiliated enterprises for unified management based on the purchased houses, so as to obtain investment income (actually rent), and developers realize the purpose of obtaining profits from all aspects of the transaction through several closely related contracts. In this kind of transaction, the direct dependence of several contracts and the resulting overall transaction function have been quite objective and typed, which is convenient for judicial practice to clarify the formation of simultaneous contracts through contract interpretation.

　　However, it should be noted that in judicial practice, the term economic integrity is abstract and difficult to judge. The author believes that whether there is economic integrity can be judged from whether there is any correlation between the signing of various contracts. Specifically, taking the Judicial Interpretation of Financial Leasing Contract and the Judicial Interpretation of Commercial Housing Sales Contract as an example, these two judicial interpretations stipulate that the dissolution of one contractual relationship will affect the dissolution of another contractual relationship, on the basis that the parties sign several contracts in order to better realize the main purpose of one of them. If the lessor and the seller sign a sales contract for the financial lease item, it is to realize the lease contract between the lessor and the lessee, and the subject matter of the lease contract is also the subject matter of the sales contract, and the subject matter of the sales contract is selected according to the requirements of the lessee in the lease contract. Another example is that in the contract formed by the commercial housing sales contract and the loan contract, the purchaser borrows money from the bank to pay the final payment of the house, which is also for the smooth performance of the commercial housing sales contract. For another example, in the case where the contract of second-hand house sales and purchase is combined with the intermediary contract, unless the buyer and the intermediary signed an agreement to provide intermediary services, the buyer would not sign a house sales contract with the seller in the service provided by the intermediary.

　　In a word, the purpose of contract simultaneous is to finally realize an overall trading function through the trading chain of several contracts. In order to protect the interests of the parties, judicial practice began to make greater efforts to approach the original features of various transactions in economic practice and the interests of the parties behind them, and clarified some cases of joint contracts through typology and even legislation. Therefore, when trying the disputes of contract association which are not specified in detail in the Civil Code, we can explore the true meaning of the parties in contract association according to the penetrating trial thinking required in the Minutes of the Civil and Commercial Trial Work Conference of the National Court. We should not only pay attention to the independence of the rights and obligations of each contract, but also distinguish the relationship between several contracts that constitute the contract association and the economic integrity, so as to solve the disputes between the parties as soon as possible, effectively reduce the litigation burden of the parties and save judicial resources.

　　(Author: Southwest University of Political Science and Law)

[Original of Truck House] "Blue brand", "big ton and small label" and "light truck is not light". In recent months, light trucks are undoubtedly at the forefront, and it is even more "dilemma" for a group of users who are ready to replace new cars or buy new cars. Some people say that since they can only pull one or two tons, it is better to buy them. Is that really the case?

These may be reasonable, but they are not applicable to all transportation environments. The most fundamental problem and the core problem still lies in our own "car demand". Today, let’s discuss whether the "violent micro-card" is slightly better or the "compliant light card" is superior.

"One move is fresh, eat all over the sky", obviously this model is no longer suitable for the current logistics era. Behind the high efficiency of transportation, it must reflect the progress of the times and the continuous upgrading of logistics equipment. The appearance of many models such as "City Matching Star", "Basement Edition" and "City Matching Edition" highlights an indisputable fact-the most suitable one is the best.

In the camp of small trucks, in fact, we ignore a model with a wheelbase of 2800mm, which is generally called model, which is slightly smaller than the common 4 m 2 light truck, and it is between micro-truck and light truck. Its advantages lie in its light weight, large cargo capacity, and its body shape is suitable for walking around the streets, so it is favored by users engaged in urban and rural transportation industry, with a wide range of uses and an expanding market.

If you usually transport goods with high density, small volume and heavy weight, you can choose large and small trucks with rear two-wheel design, which can have a load space of about 2 tons.

Although, under today’s regulations, large and small truck models have good load capacity, they are not suitable for all transportation scenarios. Imagine, if express delivery, plastics and furniture are the main transportation needs, then large containers must have absolute advantages, but the demand for load capacity has weakened a lot. Load is definitely not the only criterion to measure the quality of a car.

In addition, more importantly, the internal width of the cab of micro-truck and small-truck models is basically less than 1600mm, and it can only take two people. If I remember correctly, according to the requirements of GB7258, the internal width of the cab is ≥1650mm to carry three people. Undoubtedly, most single-row minicards have no advantage in terms of passengers.

Then, if you usually transport light goods, prefer to pursue cargo volume and large containers, and occasionally need to bring two passengers, it is recommended to choose a standard light truck with a landing weight of 2.5-2.8 tons. At present, many standard blue light trucks on the market, including, and Hyundai, can meet this demand.

2019 is a crucial year for the country’s economic transformation, and the slowdown in economic growth has become an invisible barrier. It is an industry consensus to reduce costs and increase efficiency. To put it more bluntly, all industries must also increase revenue and reduce expenditure and save money.

Of course, the less you drive, the more you earn. Judging from the economic aspect, the purchase cost of gasoline micro-card may be relatively low, but the operating cost is relatively high. After all, the oil price per liter in 7 yuan is not cheap. If your transportation route is relatively fixed and the transportation distance is not far, you can choose a single-fuel CNG vehicle or a dual-fuel vehicle.

We may wish to recall that in recent years, the price of gasoline, diesel or LNG fluctuated greatly and rose to varying degrees, but the price of CNG fuel for vehicles remained within 4 yuan. Because the price of CNG gas is closely related to municipal transportation, people’s livelihood projects and civil gas, this is the dividend brought by the policy.

Lvtong transportation requires higher reliability of vehicles, and at the same time, it also requires strict self-weight of vehicles. Previously, many high-speed highways issued relevant management regulations, and once the green traffic is overweight, it will no longer enjoy high-speed toll reduction and discount and other related policies.

Therefore, for card friends who mainly transport green link, they can choose small truck models, which can generally have 2 tons of cargo space and have a good cargo compartment size. In addition, it is suggested to choose the warehouse and cargo compartment for the convenience of toll station inspection, and at the same time, it is more convenient for the ventilation and cooling of Lutong goods to avoid deterioration or damage.

If you happen to be in a first-tier city such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, congratulations, you can jump directly to the urgency of defending the blue sky.

Judging from the current national conditions,The government pays more and more attention to the environmental pollution caused by automobile PM2.5 emissions.In the first-tier provincial capitals and developed areas, the restrictions and environmental protection measures in urban areas will be continuously upgraded. The restriction of road rights is a gap that urban vehicles have to cross. Obviously, new energy vehicles have absolute advantages in road rights, but it should be noted that pure electric vehicles are only suitable for the transportation of light-bubble goods and are not suitable for guerrilla warfare because of the battery pack.

At this stage,In addition to traditional energy sources, domestic new energy sources have sprung up, foreign new energy technologies are eyeing up, and hydrogen energy is restricted by technical bottlenecks. In the future, the living soil for pure electric and CNG is still relatively fertile.

After the light truck is not light and the empty car is overloaded, the blue brand light truck is undoubtedly in an embarrassing situation. Therefore, it is reasonable for many card friends to spit out the reason why buying light trucks is not as good as micro-cards. However, the times are always changing, and everything can’t be decided singly. The load is definitely not the only advantage of light trucks.

In today’s era,Taking advantage of the situation is the right way.It is safest to choose a car according to your various needs. (Text/Tu Zusheng)

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization, adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, puts forward the guiding ideology of further comprehensively deepening reform, among which "a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on comprehensively deepening reform" is the most important content. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has personally led, deployed and promoted the all-round deepening reform, scientifically summed up historical experience, profoundly grasped the law of reform, creatively put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new theories by using Marxist standpoints and methods, and clearly answered major questions such as why and how to comprehensively deepen reform in the new era, which constitutes the most abundant, vivid and creative component of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era. Studying and implementing these new ideas, viewpoints and theories thoroughly is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for unifying the thoughts and actions of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country and promoting further comprehensive and deepening reforms with a more energetic spirit.

First, adhering to the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for comprehensively deepening reform.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out that "to comprehensively deepen reform, we must strengthen and improve the party’s leadership, give full play to the party’s leading core role of taking the overall situation into account and coordinating all parties", and "resolutely safeguard the central authority, ensure the smooth implementation of government decrees, and unswervingly realize the central reform decision-making and deployment". The great practice of reform and opening up for more than 40 years has profoundly revealed that it is precisely because we always uphold the leadership of the Party that we can achieve a great historical turning point, start a new period of reform and opening up and a new journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, successfully cope with a series of major risks and challenges, overcome numerous difficulties and obstacles, and ensure that the whole party and the whole country can unify their thinking, will and actions on the issue of reform and opening up. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has set up a leading body for comprehensively deepening reform, formed a working system and mechanism for party leadership reform from top to bottom, and made a series of major strategic arrangements for comprehensively deepening reform. With extraordinary political boldness and strong historical responsibility, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally planned and guided the overall design, overall coordination and overall promotion of the reform, which provided the strongest leadership guarantee for the reform. Historical, revolutionary and groundbreaking achievements have been made in comprehensively deepening reform in the new era, which fully proves the extreme importance of "two establishment" and "two maintenance" and fully demonstrates the leading core role of the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core in guiding the direction, seeking the overall situation, formulating policies and promoting reform.

Second, unswervingly follow the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and ensure that reform and opening up move in the right direction.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out that "our reform and opening-up has a direction, a position and principles" and that "our reform is a reform that keeps moving forward on the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, neither taking the old road of being closed and rigid, nor taking the evil road of changing the flag". The direction determines the future, and the road determines the fate. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that China is a big country and must not make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. The overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Our direction is to constantly promote the self-improvement and development of the socialist system, rather than changing its course. Upholding integrity and innovation is the essential requirement of reform. We must have a strong determination to keep the road unchanged and the will unchanged, and always adhere to the correct political direction. These important expositions have effectively answered fundamental questions such as what flag to raise, what road to take and what goal to move forward. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always been guided by the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform, courageously persevering and firmly grasping the direction of reform and opening up, resolutely changing what should be changed, what should not be changed and what cannot be changed, unswervingly, without deviation, tossing and stopping, and ensuring that the cause of reform and opening up is stable and far-reaching.

Third, be brave in pioneering and innovating to provide inexhaustible motive force for Chinese modernization.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the fate of contemporary China, and it is also a key measure to achieve the goal of’ two hundred years’ and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Without reform and opening up, there would be no China today, and there would be no China tomorrow. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that innovation is an inexhaustible motive force for the development and progress of a country and a nation. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was epoch-making, which opened a new historical period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee was also epoch-making, which opened a new journey of comprehensively deepening reform, systematically designing and promoting reform, and created a new situation of China’s reform and opening up. Chinese-style modernization is constantly advancing in the reform and opening up, and it will certainly open up broad prospects in the reform and opening up. These important expositions have profoundly clarified the historical position and important role of comprehensively deepening reform. On the new journey, we must bear in mind the valuable historical experience of "persisting in pioneering and innovating", closely focus on the goal and task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, deepen reform and innovation, unswervingly expand opening up, and provide a better institutional guarantee, stronger capacity support and stronger power source for Chinese modernization.

Four, firmly establish the people-centered value orientation, respect the people’s dominant position and initiative.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "Reform for the people is meaningful; Only by relying on the people to reform can reform be motivated. " The people are the creators of history and the main force to promote reform and opening up. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that comprehensively deepening the reform must take promoting social fairness and justice and enhancing people’s well-being as the starting point and the end result, plan and promote the reform from the overall interests, fundamental interests and long-term interests of the people, launch more reform measures that are urgent and popular, and do more practical things that benefit the people’s livelihood, warm the people’s hearts and conform to the people’s wishes, so as to ensure that what the people care about and expect, and what the reform must grasp and promote. These important expositions reflect the fundamental purpose of our party to serve the people wholeheartedly and highlight the value orientation of comprehensively deepening reform. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, comprehensively deepening the reform has started from solving the most direct and realistic interests that the masses are most concerned about, and further promoted the reforms in the fields of people’s livelihood such as income distribution, employment, education, social security, medicine and health care, old-age care, and grass-roots governance, giving play to the initiative of the masses, and focusing on summarizing and popularizing the comprehensive rural reform, river system, forest system, "Sanming medical reform", "running at most once" and "Fengqiao experience" in the new era.We will always ensure that reform is for the people, that reform depends on the people, and that the fruits of reform are shared by the people, and constantly meet the people’s new expectations for a better life.

Fifth, highlight the problem orientation and strive to break down the deep-seated institutional and institutional obstacles.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly stated: "Reform is caused by problems and deepened by constantly solving problems." The great changes in the world today have accelerated the evolution, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the deeper the reform and opening-up, the more intertwined and complicated the problems in development and the problems after development, the general contradictions and deep-seated contradictions, the tasks to be completed and the newly proposed tasks, and the contradictions in reform and opening-up can only be solved by reform and opening-up. We should dare to gnaw at hard bones, dare to venture into dangerous beaches, dare to open the knife to stubborn diseases accumulated for many years, and strive to solve major institutional and institutional problems that need to be solved to promote Chinese modernization. These important expositions reflect the clear orientation of comprehensively deepening reform, focusing on practical problems and focusing on outstanding problems. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, comprehensively deepening reform has been in line with the development and changes at home and abroad, focusing on the outstanding contradictions and problems that restrict high-quality development, insisting on solving major institutional and institutional problems in a prominent position, tackling difficulties and breaking through obstacles, basically establishing the basic institutional framework in various fields, making unprecedented efforts in two rounds of reform of party and state institutions, achieving historic changes, systematic reshaping and overall reconstruction in many fields, and constantly marching into breadth and depth of reform.

Six, further emancipate the mind, and constantly promote theoretical innovation, practical innovation, system innovation.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Without emancipating the mind, it is impossible for our party to continuously promote theoretical innovation and practical innovation in practice, effectively resolve various risk challenges on the road ahead, continuously push forward reform and opening up, and always stay at the forefront of the times." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the most fundamental and urgent task to realize socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is to further liberate and develop social productive forces. Emancipating the mind is the premise and the main switch to liberate and develop social productive forces and to liberate and enhance social vitality. These important expositions are a profound summary of our Party’s historical experience of reform and opening up, which is guided by thought, promoted by reform, and stimulated by innovation. They are the China-era application of the basic principles of Marxism on the adaptation of production relations to the development of productive forces and the adaptation of superstructure to the changes of economic base. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, our party has persisted in taking economic construction as the center, grasped the "bull’s nose" of deepening economic system reform, and regarded high-quality development as the last word in the new era. Adhere to the direction of socialist market economy reform, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and handle the relationship between the government and the market; Adhere to the "Two Unswervings", consolidate and improve the basic socialist economic system, and give consideration to efficiency, fairness, vitality and order.Adapting to the changes of major social contradictions, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in China, we have creatively put forward a series of important conclusions such as new development stage, new development concept, new development pattern and new quality productivity, promoted theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, cultural innovation and other innovations at a new starting point, and constantly opened up new prospects for the development of various undertakings.

Seven, along the track of the rule of law to promote reform, the institutional advantages into governance efficiency.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "reform and the rule of law are like two wings of a bird and two wheels of a car", we must persist in promoting reform under the rule of law and improve the rule of law in the course of reform "and" all major reforms must be based on the law ". The reform and opening up in the new era has many new connotations and characteristics, one of which is that the system construction is more important. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that in the whole reform process, we should attach great importance to the use of the rule of law thinking and the rule of law, and the reform results that have been proved to be effective in practice should be promoted to the legal system in time; If the practical conditions are not mature and need to be tried first, authorization shall be made in accordance with legal procedures; Laws and regulations that do not meet the requirements of reform shall be revised or abolished in time. These important expositions have profoundly clarified that comprehensively deepening reform and comprehensively governing the country according to law complement each other, and the connection between reform decision-making and legislative decision-making is an effective path for the smooth progress of reform and the timely consolidation of reform results. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has highlighted the main line of system construction. Through the mutual promotion of reform and the rule of law, it has continuously improved various systems and regulations, promoted the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, and significantly improved the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity.

Eight, consciously use scientific methodology, strengthen the system, integrity and synergy of reform.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Reform and opening up is a systematic project, and we must adhere to comprehensive reform and promote it in coordination with various reforms." Deepening reform in an all-round way involves all fields of economic and social development, and the task is comprehensive, the content is profound and the influence is extensive as never before. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized that paying attention to systematicness, integrity and coordination is the inherent requirement of comprehensively deepening reform and an important method to promote reform. In promoting reform, we should emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep pace with the times, be realistic and pragmatic, and handle the relationship between overall promotion and key breakthroughs, overall and local, top-level design and grassroots exploration, courage and steady steps, and reform, development and stability. Handle the major relations between economy and society, government and market, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, development and security. These important expositions have become an important methodology to guide the reform practice. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has adhered to the overall concept and systematic thinking, persisted in striving for progress while maintaining stability, scientifically planned the strategic focus, priority order, main attack direction, working mechanism and promotion mode of the reform, and comprehensively deepened the reform from ramming the foundation platform and erecting columns to comprehensively advancing and accumulating momentum, to system integration, coordination and high efficiency, and promoted the reform to make full efforts, make multiple breakthroughs, and act quickly and steadily.

Nine, promote reform and development through opening up, and promote deep-level reform and high-level opening up as a whole.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Promoting reform and development through opening up is a successful practice of China’s reform and development." In the face of complicated international and domestic situations, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to persist in promoting deepening reform through opening up and deepening reform to promote opening up. Unswervingly implement the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, implement a more proactive opening strategy, unswervingly improve the level of open economy, and build a new system of open economy with a higher level. These important expositions profoundly reveal the internal unity of reform and opening up. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has coordinated the two major domestic and international situations, coordinated development and security, adhered to the path of peaceful development, constantly improved the system and mechanism of opening up to the outside world, promoted the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road", promoted the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, laid out the construction of a free trade pilot zone and a Hainan free trade port, and promoted inland opening and border opening at a high level. Create a market-oriented, rule-based and international first-class business environment, pay more attention to institutional openness such as rules, regulations, management and standards, promote the formation of a wider, broader and deeper opening-up pattern, and continuously expand new space for economic development.

Ten, lead the great social revolution with the party’s self-revolution, and do a good job in the implementation of reform with the spirit of nailing.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We should plan the Party’s self-revolution according to the new requirements of the practice of the great social revolution, test the actual effect of the Party’s self-revolution with the new achievements of the development of the great social revolution, and strive to lead the Party’s self-revolution and promote the Party’s self-revolution with the great social revolution." The more we deepen the reform in an all-round way, the more we must stabilize the direction, highlight the actual results, and make every effort to attack. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that the key to the success of reform and opening up is to adhere to the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party and constantly improve its leadership level. Looking around the world, no country or political party can have such political boldness and historical responsibility, dare to make drastic, inward-looking and self-revolution, and no country or political party can promote such a large-scale, large-scale and large-scale reform in such a short time. This is the distinctive feature and obvious advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. These important expositions profoundly explain that it has become our party’s historical consciousness to govern the party with the spirit of reform and lead the great social revolution with the party’s self-revolution. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee, with the Supreme Leader as the core, has put the requirement of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way through the comprehensive deepening of reform work, educated and guided the party member and cadres to strengthen their responsibility for reform, maintained the spirit of reform, strengthened their reform toughness, improved their reform skills, persisted in seeking truth from facts, opposed formalism and bureaucracy, and acted as promoters and doers, constantly enhancing the creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party, and pushed forward the reform.

General Secretary Supreme Leader’s series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions on comprehensively deepening reform are a scientific summary of the valuable experience of comprehensively deepening reform since the reform and opening up, especially in the new era. They are the latest achievements in comprehensively deepening reform theory innovation and practice innovation in the new era, and will surely become a powerful ideological weapon to guide further comprehensively deepening reform in the new journey. We should thoroughly study and implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on comprehensively deepening reform, adhere to and make good use of the positions, viewpoints and methods that run through it, go all out to implement the spirit of the plenary session, and turn the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee on further comprehensively deepening reform into a powerful driving force for promoting Chinese modernization. (Author: Mu Hong)

People’s Daily (July 26th, 2024, 06th edition)