南京高端外卖工作室

　　He has three names-richard sears, Slade and Uncle Chinese Characters. Richard is his real name, Slade is his Chinese name, and "Uncle Chinese Characters" is the nickname given to him by enthusiastic netizens in China in recent years. Richard said that he prefers to be called "Uncle Chinese Characters".

　　In 1972, at the age of 22, he left his home in the United States to learn Chinese, regardless of his parents’ objections, and bought a one-way ticket to fly to Taiwan, China alone.

　　In 1994, after a serious illness and four heart operations, Richard asked himself, what would you do if there were only 365 days left in your life? His answer is very firm-computerizing Shuo Wen Jie Zi. In the next seven years, he almost exhausted all his savings and hired an assistant to scan all the ancient Chinese characters in ancient books such as Shuowen Jiezi, Liushutong, Jinwen Bian and Oracle Bone Inscriptions Bian into the computer. In 2002, the "Chinese Character Resource Network" founded by Richard quietly went online and became a good helper for a few professionals interested in ancient Chinese characters and Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

　　In 2011, Richard and his website were accidentally discovered by netizens in China, which triggered a heated discussion in Weibo. Realizing that so many Chinese began to pay attention to himself and his website, Richard made another major choice in his life-moving to China. Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Huangshan … In recent years, although he has changed his residence in China, Richard’s obsession with Chinese characters has never diminished. On his Chinese character etymology website, more than 8,000 Chinese characters have been analyzed and nearly 100,000 ancient Chinese characters have been included. For inquirers, as long as they enter the Chinese character they want to inquire on the website, they can instantly see the evolution process of this Chinese character in the long river of history-seal script, inscriptions on bronze and even the appearance of it carved on Oracle Bone Inscriptions thousands of years ago.

　　Now, "Uncle Chinese Characters" has another bold idea. He wants to record a video to tell the story of him and Chinese characters, and then put it on his new website to make Chinese characters not only computerized, but also "multimedia". All this can only be supported by his meager income of recording programs and giving lectures from time to time. But the 67-year-old Richard didn’t agree at all: "I never think too much. As long as my physical conditions permit, I will try my best to do it, because Chinese characters are my lifelong interest."

　　A serious illness arouses obsession

　　In Shanghai in early December, autumn is strong. In the International Chinese Teacher Research Base of East China Normal University, "Uncle Chinese Characters" is telling his stories to more than 100 college students from all over the country in fluent Chinese. They will go to Australia and New Zealand as volunteers for Chinese teachers in more than two months.

　　"When I was your age, I set myself the goal of learning Chinese, and I once said that I would go to Taiwan, China, but until I was forty years old, I could only speak Chinese and could not recognize Chinese characters. For us foreigners, Chinese characters are complex patterns, and it is really difficult to learn them by rote. In fact, if you study the origin of Chinese characters, you will find that there is a specific meaning and evolution process behind each Chinese character. Once you really understand these, many words will naturally be remembered. What I want to do is to collect all these materials and computerize them, so that those Chinese learners or enthusiasts who want to understand the evolution of Chinese characters can find them conveniently and quickly. " Richard explained to you his original intention of founding the Chinese Character Source Network.

　　Unfortunately, his ideas have not been understood by many people, even his parents who are high school teachers.

　　Richard’s hometown is in a conservative Christian community in Oregon, USA. In his memory, it was all white people, all English speakers and all Christians, which was really boring. In order to get rid of this "boredom" and see the world, Richard decided to learn a foreign language: "At that time, only 7% of the people in the world spoke English, but nearly 20% spoke Chinese, so I wanted to learn Chinese and go to China."

　　At that time, China and the United States had not yet established diplomatic relations. When they heard that their son was going to China, Richard’s parents were going mad. "At that time, my father strongly opposed it and wanted to scare me with force. As a result, I accidentally broke his hand, and my mother cried and said that she was going to commit suicide." Richard recalled. Nevertheless, he used the money he had saved for a year to "wash dishes" and bought a plane ticket to Taiwan, China in July 1972. On the day of departure, despite all kinds of reluctance, my parents went to the airport to see Richard off.

　　When he first arrived in Taiwan Province, Richard had only $80 on him. After settling down in a small room with a monthly rent of $17, Richard quickly found a job as an English teacher. In the next two years, he didn’t go to a Chinese school for a day, but he slowly learned Chinese conversation in his daily life. I learned from my home letter that he needed a TV to watch Chinese programs, and my father who had cancer sent money to Richard. Unfortunately, it was not long before my father died of illness.

　　Two years later, Richard returned to the United States to continue his college studies and got a degree in physics. After graduation, he lived in Taiwan Province for another four years, and then returned to China to study computer science at the University of Tennessee, where he got his master’s degree in 1985. After work, unwilling to be calm, he continued to travel around Asia, Europe, Africa … so he passed the age of no doubt leisurely, but the Chinese he had made up his mind to learn never reached a deeper level.

　　As a college student who has studied physics and computer, Richard hopes to explore the inherent laws of Chinese characters and remember them instead of memorizing "patterns". Since Shuo Wen Jie Zi, he has been consulting professional books about Oracle Bone Inscriptions, seal script, bronze inscriptions and the evolution of glyphs. Richard soon noticed that sometimes, although the same Chinese character is searched, different books give different explanations. To thoroughly understand the source of a word, it is often necessary to turn to several ancient books. But Richard is not bored, because he found that finding the initial appearance of a Chinese character, and then watching how it evolved step by step, will understand that every Chinese character is reasonable and there is a story behind it. "

　　In order to computerize these materials, Richard visited many experts in the study of ancient Chinese for help, but in the 1990s, most of them could not understand the necessary connection between the ancient Chinese characters engraved on bronzes and computers, and at most, they recommended some professional books to Richard.

　　In the summer of 1994, Richard had a heart attack. Back in the United States, he had four heart operations and three stents. Lying in the hospital bed, Richard asked himself, "What would I do if I had only 24 hours left in my life?" "I should call my friends to say goodbye." "What if there are still 40 years?" "I will probably waste 10 years first." "What if it is 365 days?" "I want to computerize Shuo Wen Jie Zi."

　　The network world at that time was not developed. Richard’s first consideration is to design a computer program to search and display the source materials of Chinese characters, which requires scanning all the seal characters in Shuo Wen Jie Zi into the computer. Fortunately, Richard found a job as a computer engineer in Silicon Valley at that time, which enabled him to earn enough money to pay someone to help him with the repetitive and tedious task of scanning Chinese characters. "I found Ann in Chinatown. At the age of 55, she just immigrated from China. Although she only had a junior high school education and didn’t speak a word of English, she accepted my invitation." Richard recalled.

　　Richard equipped Ann with computers, scanners and other equipment, taught her to use computers and input methods, and saved the scanned words into floppy disks one by one. He himself used his spare time to write programs. After 365 days, Richard, with the help of Ann, scanned nearly 100,000 Chinese characters in four tool books, such as Shuo Wen Jie Zi, into the computer. Up to now, recalling Ann, Richard is still grateful: "Without her, there would be no website for me. At first, she couldn’t understand Shuo Wen Jie Zi, but later, she became a half expert in Chinese characters. "

　　A "popularity" rewrites life

　　In 2002, Richard’s Chinese character source network was officially launched. Richard coded every glyph corresponding to more than 6,500 Chinese characters. At the same time, Richard lost his high-paying job in Silicon Valley due to the economic depression. He had to move to Tennessee and become a river manager. In his spare time, in a rented room of 10 square meters, facing this niche website with tepid traffic, Richard lived an ascetic life. The rent of the server could not be paid, so he added a donation link to the homepage of the website, asking everyone to donate to help him maintain and update the website. Even if the donation amount is only a few tens of dollars all year round, he never thought about giving up.

　　The turning point appeared on January 13th, 2011. That night, Richard suddenly found that his account had received more than 100 dollars in donations in just one hour. The number of hits on the website that day exceeded 600,000 times for the first time.

　　At this time, on the other side of the ocean in China, a netizen just introduced Richard in Weibo with sensational words: "This man’s name is Richard Sears. It took him 20 years to digitize Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen and Xiaozhuan by hand, and upload them to the Internet for everyone to use for free. This is the "stupidity" of foreigners (I guess it is the United States). How can you do this kind of national project by yourself … "

　　From this day on, Richard’s mailbox was "crowded". Thousands of emails drifted in like snowflakes, which made him excited: "I write back almost every day. For the first time in the email, someone called me’ Uncle Chinese Characters’. I like this title very much." Followed by countless overseas calls, Tianjin TV even sent a film crew directly to the United States to shoot a feature film for Richard. In that feature film, Richard’s "humble room" moved countless audiences. In the narrow room, except for bookshelves, desks and books, there is almost no other furnishings, even a bed. Usually, Richard sleeps directly on the floor, and the host also sits on the floor for the interview that day. Richard admits that over the years, he has exhausted his $300,000 savings saved in the previous 20 years for this website.

　　In 2012, Tianjin Satellite TV’s "Bo Ke China" program group sent an invitation to Richard. In Richard’s view, it’s like China’s old saying that fate has come. At the age of 62, he immediately bought a plane ticket to Tianjin and started a "guest" life in China.

　　Being too old and without a doctorate, Richard had to stay in China on a tourist visa. Every once in a while, he has to leave the country to go through the relevant visa procedures before entering the country. For Richard, who is in his sixties, besides trouble, it also means a lot of expenses. On one occasion, he flew to Seoul, South Korea, stayed at Incheon Airport for a while and then flew back to Tianjin. He thought that his visa could be extended for one month, but when he went through the formalities, he was told that he could not. Not only was his passport confiscated, but Richard was also asked to leave the country within 10 days. The feeling be nasty under, Weibo helped him again. He sent a Weibo who wanted to stay in China, which was widely forwarded by enthusiastic China netizens and appealed-"Leave Uncle Chinese Characters!"

　　What followed was a continuous interview and exposure. This time, Beijing Normal University kindly accepted Richard, asked him to teach physics in English on a part-time basis, paid him more than 4,000 yuan a month, and provided him with an office and an apartment. In the past few years, "Uncle Chinese Characters" has gained a lot of media exposure in China. This year alone, Richard was a guest on CCTV twice, and appeared as a guest on the programs of "Reader" and "The First Lesson of School" one after another.

　　After ending his work contract with Beijing Normal University, Richard moved from Beijing to Huangshan, a small town in Anhui this year. He likes the natural environment of Huangshan Mountain very much. Of course, what attracts him more is that the local people can rent a decent two-bedroom apartment for only 1200 yuan a month. There, Richard can not only concentrate on studying Chinese characters every day, but also have a few like-minded friends to discuss with. There are kind scholars and friends who ask their students to be Richard’s assistants, communicate with him in the study of Chinese characters, and give advice on website construction. There are also more enthusiastic people who constantly help Richard find various lecture opportunities. For Richard, these opportunities can not only bring him some extra income, but also enable him to pass on his persistent concept of Chinese characters to more practical users of Chinese characters.

　　He told reporters that he met some calligraphers in China, who could write beautiful seal characters and even Oracle Bone Inscriptions, but after talking with them, he found that they didn’t really understand the true meaning of those Chinese characters. In his view, such calligraphers are more like artists: "They are just’ painting’ beautiful words, and what I want to explore is where this word comes from."

　　In fact, the origin of Chinese characters can be traced back to 6000 years ago, from Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen, to official script and cursive script, and finally evolved into simplified Chinese characters which are commonly used today. During this period, at least 9 glyphs have evolved. In Richard’s view, since the use of simplified characters, in fact, the vast majority of Chinese did not understand or have no intention to understand the real story behind the evolution of Chinese characters, which he was very worried about. "For thousands of years, the traditional culture has evolved to this day. If most Chinese are not interested now and don’t know the story behind them, how long can they be circulated? I am worried that in another hundred years, the simplified Chinese characters you use now will no longer exist. " Richard said.

　　A way to stick to motivation and move forward

　　Richard has a habit, no matter where he goes, he will take a notebook with him, and when he communicates with others, he will write down the evolution of several Chinese characters to arouse their curiosity. Even for a group of primary school students, he used some simple hieroglyphs to try to make them understand the potential connection between words and things.

　　In the stepped classroom of the International Chinese Teacher Research Base of East China Normal University, Richard asked everyone to brainstorm: "If you walked into the home of an ordinary Chinese five thousand years ago, what would you see first?" After a few seconds of silence, there were various conjectures-heatable adobe sleeping platform, charcoal fire, pottery …

　　The answer of "Uncle Chinese Characters" is a spinning hammer in a child’s hand. "I feel that the work of spinning should occupy an important position in the lives of the ancients, because in the database I sorted out, almost a quarter of Chinese characters are related to spinning and weaving or clothing. Although I don’t know how the ancients lived, I can deduce it a little bit through ancient Chinese characters. "

　　After the three-hour lecture, several students waited. They gathered around the blackboard and exchanged their knowledge of Chinese characters with Richard. Richard wrote a word "belly" on the blackboard: "There was no such word in ancient times, but there were words" moon "and" earth ". Many books say that’ moon’ stands for meat, but I don’t think so. " He continued to write "Moon" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jin Wenli on the blackboard: "Look at its appearance, where is it like meat? These words, with rows of strokes, clearly look like bones. I have been thinking about it for a long time. Many experts say it is meat, but I think it is a rib. "

　　"Another example is the word" people ",which is left and right. Some people say that these are two feet, while others say that these are two hands. But I think these explanations are all wrong. Because if you look at its Oracle Bone Inscriptions evolution, you can see a person’s head, body, hands and feet. In fact, that is all a person has. " Richard told reporters that if an expert told him a story about Chinese characters, he would definitely study it himself to see if it was reasonable and true. He doesn’t want to listen to those "joking" Chinese characters, but just wants to know the most real explanation. Of course, if the other party disagrees with his opinion, he is willing to discuss and learn from them further.

　　Unfortunately, in the years when I lived in Beijing where experts gathered, there were not many scenes that Richard longed for to learn from experts. Tens of thousands of letters in the mailbox are mostly from ordinary netizens. Xiao Chen, an assistant, has been following Richard for the past year, answering emails for him, helping him arrange activities, and assisting him in maintaining and updating the website on a daily basis. In her view, as a 60-year-old foreign old man, being able to devote the most precious decades of his life to Chinese characters in China is an amazing thing in itself.

　　During the interview, she took out her mobile phone and showed the reporter an article about "Uncle Chinese Characters" written by Zhihu. With nearly 40,000 views, there are many voices that make her feel "harsh"-although some people admire the spirit of "Uncle Chinese Characters", they feel that his approach is not desirable-"To look up the ancient font of a Chinese character, we not only need to know how to write this ancient character, but more importantly, we need to know its origin. The website of’ Uncle Chinese Characters’ has only images, no source, no explanation, no context, and it is impossible to verify and demonstrate the correctness. " "The Oracle Bone Inscriptions Editions and the Jinwen Editions scanned by Uncle Chinese Characters are works in the middle of last century. In today’s view, these two sets of ancient Chinese characters have many missing and misinterpreted components, which are not suitable for today’s ancient Chinese philology research. "

　　"They said these,’ Chinese Uncle’ also knows, but he didn’t want to use the latest reference books to compare and correct mistakes? For example, he really wants the New Jin Wen Bian, but it costs two or three thousand yuan for a set, which’ Uncle Chinese Characters’ can’t afford. Then can I have an electronic version? Sorry, I can’t either, because it involves copyright issues. Wouldn’t he like to make the content of the website more detailed? He also wants to, but he is only one person after all, not to mention that he has spent all his savings over the years. " As one of the closest people to "Uncle Chinese Characters", assistant Xiao Chen is a little angry at these demanding voices.

　　Richard himself, as always, is calm: "Some people say that my website has no academic value, but I want to ask, where is your website?" I want to see it! Perhaps some people’s research is indeed more valuable than mine, and the information at hand is newer and more complete than mine, which is very valuable. But if it is not open and can be seen by ordinary people casually, where is its value? "

　　Of course, there are also many staunch supporters of "Uncle Chinese Characters" in the discussion. One netizen said, "Regardless of academic value, I think Uncle Chinese’s website is of great practical value. As early as more than ten years ago, he digitized all the fonts in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen, Liushutong and Shuowen, and each font is a picture, which can be enlarged and reduced, making it very convenient to use. In the early years, the prices of Oracle Bone Inscriptions Editions were so high that ordinary people couldn’t afford them. The general library didn’t collect them and there was no place to borrow them. To this end, we can’t systematically look up the early fonts of specific Chinese characters, and we often suffer from it … People who haven’t experienced this kind of pain can’t understand the convenience brought by the website of’ Uncle Chinese Characters’ to Chinese character research enthusiasts. "

　　At the end of the interview, Richard excitedly wrote down the address of his new website to the reporter. "The content on the original website has basically moved home. Soon, when we go back, we will start to record videos, tell stories about Chinese characters and put them on the new website. I have written more than a thousand stories over the years. " He said.

　　"It sounds like this project is huge, so are you still short of money recently?" The reporter couldn’t help but ask.

　　"The recent income is ok, at least for two months, and I don’t know." Richard is not shy about it.

　　The reporter’s heart is a little guilty for him: "Can so many stories be recorded smoothly?"

　　Richard seems to see the reporter’s concern: "I will never plan my life for more than half a year, otherwise there would be no such website." My aim is not to think too much. As long as you can do it today, start doing it, and then find a way to do it every day. "

　　At that moment, the reporter finally understood why Richard could stick to this road that was never optimistic for so long. (Wang Xing)

General Office of the State Council about

Opinions on accelerating the development of new foreign trade formats and new models

Guo Ban Fa [2021] No.24

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The new format and new mode are the effective force of China’s foreign trade development and an important trend of international trade development. Accelerating the development of new foreign trade formats and new models is conducive to promoting the high-quality development of trade, cultivating new advantages in participating in international economic cooperation and competition, and playing an important role in building a new development pattern for services. In order to thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and promote the healthy, sustainable and innovative development of new foreign trade formats and new models, with the consent of the State Council, we hereby put forward the following opinions:

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, base ourselves on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in foreign trade with the supply-side structural reform as the main line, and promote institutional innovation, management innovation, service innovation, format innovation and model innovation in foreign trade.

(2) Basic principles.

Insist on encouraging innovation. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and further release the vitality of market players. We will try first, encourage the extensive use of new technologies and tools in the field of foreign trade, promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional formats, refine the division of trade, enhance the level of specialization, promote the integration and innovation of formats, and constantly explore new foreign trade formats and models.

Adhere to tolerance and prudence. Make overall plans for development and safety, and insist on standardization in development and development in standardization. Establish and improve a policy system that adapts to the development of new foreign trade formats and new models. Improve standards and systems in information data, credit system and intellectual property protection. Scientifically and reasonably define the platform responsibility. Strengthen supervision after the event, continuously optimize the business environment and promote fair competition.

Adhere to open cooperation. Coordinate the domestic and international markets and resources, adhere to the strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, and promote the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment. Strengthen cooperation and linkage among departments, localities, industries and enterprises, and improve the efficiency of government management and service. Actively explore the establishment of international rules to adapt to and lead the development of new foreign trade formats and new models, and promote high-level opening up.

(3) development goals.By 2025, the institutional mechanism and policy system for the development of new foreign trade formats and new models will be more perfect, the business environment will be more optimized, and a number of leading enterprises and industrial clusters with international competitiveness will be formed, and the level of industrial value chain will be further improved, which will further enhance the driving role of foreign trade and national economy. By 2035, the development level of new foreign trade formats and new models will be in the forefront of innovative countries, the laws and regulations system will be more perfect, and the degree of trade liberalization and facilitation will reach the advanced level in the world, providing strong momentum for the high-quality development of trade and strong support for the basic realization of socialist modernization.

Second, actively support the use of new technologies and tools to empower foreign trade development.

(four) to promote the application of digital intelligence technology.Use digital technology and digital tools to promote the optimization and upgrading of all links in the whole process of foreign trade. Give play to the "long tail effect", integrate fragmented orders and broaden the channels for obtaining orders. Vigorously develop digital exhibitions, social e-commerce, product crowdfunding, big data marketing, etc., and establish a marketing system with online and offline integration and domestic and overseas linkage. Integrate data of all links in foreign trade supply chain, and strengthen resource docking and information sharing. By 2025, the level of digitalization and intelligence of foreign trade enterprises will be significantly improved.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

(5) Improve cross-border e-commerce development support policies.Apply the supervision mode of cross-border e-commerce enterprise-to-enterprise (B2B) direct export and cross-border e-commerce export overseas warehouse throughout the country, and improve the supporting policies. Facilitate cross-border e-commerce import and export return management. Optimize the list of cross-border e-commerce retail imports. Steadily carry out the pilot work of cross-border e-commerce retail import drugs. Guide enterprises to make good use of cross-border e-commerce retail export value-added tax, consumption tax exemption policies and income tax verification and collection methods. Study and formulate guidelines for intellectual property protection of cross-border e-commerce and guide cross-border e-commerce platforms to prevent intellectual property risks. By 2025, the cross-border e-commerce policy system will be further improved, the development environment will be further optimized, and the development level will be further improved.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, National Medical Products Administration and China National Intellectual Property Administration are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

(six) solidly promote the construction of cross-border electronic commerce comprehensive experimental zone.Expand the pilot scope of cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone (hereinafter referred to as the Comprehensive Experimental Zone). Actively carry out pilot projects, further improve the "two platforms" of cross-border e-commerce online integrated services and offline industrial parks, and the "six systems" of supervision and services such as information sharing, financial services, intelligent logistics, e-commerce integrity, statistical monitoring and risk prevention and control, and explore more good experiences and good practices. Encourage cross-border e-commerce platforms, operators, supporting service providers and other entities to become bigger and stronger, and accelerate the cultivation of independent brands. Establish an assessment and withdrawal mechanism for the comprehensive test area, and organize the assessment and evaluation in 2021. By 2025, the construction of the comprehensive test area has achieved remarkable results, and a number of cross-border e-commerce offline industrial parks with concentrated elements, diverse subjects and professional services have been built, forming a unique development pattern and becoming an innovative cluster leading the development of cross-border e-commerce.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the Central Network Information Office, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Transport, the People’s Bank of China, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Market Supervision, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the State Post Bureau and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange are responsible for the division of responsibilities.)

(seven) to cultivate a number of outstanding overseas warehouse enterprises.Encourage traditional foreign trade enterprises, cross-border e-commerce and logistics enterprises to participate in the construction of overseas warehouses, improve the digitalization and intelligence level of overseas warehouses, promote small and medium-sized enterprises to borrow ships to go to sea, and drive domestic brands and dual-innovation products to expand the international market space. Support the comprehensive use of investment and financing methods such as BOT and structured financing to invest in overseas warehouse construction. Give full play to the role of foreign embassies and consulates and business organizations, provide early guidance services for overseas warehouse enterprises, and help resolve disputes. By 2025, we will strive to cultivate about 100 outstanding overseas warehouse enterprises with outstanding performance in information construction, intelligent development, diversified services and localized operation.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

(8) Improve the overseas warehouse network covering the whole world.Support enterprises to speed up the layout of overseas warehouses in key markets, improve the global service network, and establish transportation and sales channels for China brands. Encourage overseas warehouse enterprises to connect with online comprehensive service platforms in the comprehensive test area and domestic and foreign e-commerce platforms to match supply and demand information. Optimize policies and measures such as express transportation, support overseas warehouse enterprises to establish and improve logistics systems, extend services to the upstream and downstream of the supply chain, and explore the construction of overseas logistics smart platforms. Promote the construction of overseas warehouse standards. By 2025, relying on overseas warehouses to establish a new foreign trade logistics network with global coverage and coordinated development, and launch a number of internationally influential national and industry standards.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Transport, the General Administration of Market Supervision and the State Post Bureau are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

Third, continue to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional foreign trade

(nine) to enhance the digital level of traditional foreign trade.Support traditional foreign trade enterprises to use advanced technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence and virtual reality, strengthen research and development design, and carry out intelligent, personalized and customized production. Encourage enterprises to explore the construction of big data laboratories for new foreign trade formats. Guide the use of digital means to enhance the value of traditional brands. Encourage the construction of incubation institutions and innovation centers, and support the entrepreneurial innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises. By 2025, a foreign trade industrial chain supply chain system driven by new formats, supported by big data, networked sharing and intelligent cooperation will be formed.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

(ten) to optimize the policy framework of market procurement trade mode.Improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of market procurement trade mode pilot, set up comprehensive evaluation indicators, and give better play to the demonstration and leading role of pilot areas. Support each pilot area to explore and innovate according to local conditions, attract more domestic trade subjects to carry out foreign trade, guide market subjects to improve quality, technology, service and brand, enhance product competitiveness, and amplify the agglomeration and driving effect on surrounding industries. By 2025, we will strive to cultivate about 10 integrated domestic and foreign trade markets with exports exceeding 100 billion yuan and build a number of well-known brands.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Market Supervision and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

(eleven) to improve the level of market procurement and trade facilitation.Further optimize the comprehensive management system of market procurement and trade, and realize traceability, risk control and accountability. We will continue to implement pilot policies such as simplified customs declaration and exemption of value-added tax for goods exported by market procurement trade, and optimize the customs clearance process. Expand the pilot scope of market procurement trade prepackaged foods export. Guide banks to provide more convenient financial services for market procurement trade income filed in the comprehensive management system of market procurement trade and traceable to the authenticity of transactions.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the People’s Bank of China, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Market Supervision, and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

Four, further promote the development of foreign trade services to professional segmentation.

(twelve) to further support the healthy development of foreign trade comprehensive service enterprises.Implement the centralized tax refund filing work and improve work efficiency. For the production enterprises that have filed the tax refund on behalf of the agency but have not yet made the on-site inspection of the first tax refund (exemption), the efficiency of the on-site inspection will be further improved after receiving the declaration information of the first tax refund business entrusted by the agency. Guide foreign trade comprehensive service enterprises (hereinafter referred to as comprehensive service enterprises) to standardize internal risk management and improve the risk management and control level of centralized agency tax refund. Further implement and improve the "double penalty" mechanism of the customs. Under the condition that the comprehensive service enterprise strictly fulfills its reasonable review obligation and there is no intentional or gross negligence, the comprehensive service enterprise and its customers will bear corresponding responsibilities according to the circumstances. By 2025, the policy environment to adapt to the development of comprehensive service enterprises will be further optimized.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

(thirteen) to improve the development level of bonded maintenance business.Further support enterprises in the comprehensive bonded area to carry out maintenance business, dynamically adjust the catalogue of maintenance products, and study the inclusion of medical devices and other products in the catalogue. Support enterprises in the Pilot Free Trade Zone to carry out bonded maintenance business with "two ends in the outside" according to the catalogue of maintenance products in the comprehensive bonded zone. The provincial people’s government where the Pilot Free Trade Zone is located will comprehensively evaluate the maintenance projects and independently support them, and assume the main responsibility for the supervision and other matters of the supported projects. Explore and support qualified enterprises outside the comprehensive bonded zone to carry out bonded maintenance of self-produced export products with high technology content, high added value and meeting environmental protection requirements, promote it steadily by pilot, strengthen evaluation, and study and formulate management measures and maintenance product lists. By 2025, the policy system of bonded maintenance business will be gradually improved.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

(14) Steadily promote the development of offshore trade.Encourage banks to explore and optimize business authenticity audit methods, improve audit efficiency based on customer credit classification and business model according to the principle of exhibition industry, provide high-quality financial services for enterprises to carry out true and compliant offshore trade business, and improve the level of trade settlement facilitation. Further strengthen the innovation of offshore trade business in the Pilot Free Trade Zone, and support qualified cities and regions with strong competitiveness and management capabilities to develop offshore trade.(The Ministry of Commerce, the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(fifteen) support the development of foreign trade segmentation service platform.Support sharing and innovation in foreign trade segments such as marketing, payment, delivery, logistics and quality control. Encourage foreign trade segmentation service platforms to deepen vertical markets in various regions and industries and take the road of "specialization and innovation". Encourage foreign trade enterprises to build their own independent stations, and support professional station building platforms to optimize and improve service capabilities. Explore the application of blockchain technology in the field of trade segmentation. By 2025, a number of foreign trade segmentation service platform enterprises with strong international influence will be formed.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

V. Optimizing the policy guarantee system

(sixteen) innovative supervision methods.According to the needs of the development of foreign trade formats, we should study and improve relevant laws and regulations in a timely manner and scientifically set up an "observation period" and a "transition period". Introduce the "sandbox supervision" mode to provide a safe space for business innovation. Promote data docking among departments such as commerce, customs, taxation, market supervision and postal services, and strengthen supervision over tax evasion, counterfeiting and false transactions while optimizing services. Improve the statistical system of new foreign trade formats and new models.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Bureau of Statistics and the State Post Bureau are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

(seventeen) the implementation of fiscal and taxation policies.Give full play to the role of special funds for foreign trade and economic development and guiding funds for the innovation and development of service trade, and guide social capital to support the development of new foreign trade formats and new models by means of funds. Actively explore and implement tax collection and service measures to promote the development of new foreign trade formats and new models, and optimize the relevant tax environment. Enterprises that support new foreign trade formats and new models apply paperless methods to declare tax rebates. Enterprises with new foreign trade formats and new modes that have been identified as high-tech enterprises can enjoy preferential income tax policies for high-tech enterprises according to regulations.(The Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce and the State Administration of Taxation are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(eighteen) increase financial support.Deepen the cooperation between government, banks and enterprises, actively promote the "credit-easy loan" model, encourage financial institutions, non-bank payment institutions, credit reporting institutions and foreign trade service platforms to strengthen cooperation, and provide convenient financial services for enterprises with new foreign trade formats and new models with real trading background. Encourage qualified enterprises with new foreign trade formats and new modes to raise funds through listing and issuing bonds. Accelerate the construction of a trade and financial blockchain platform. We will increase the support of export credit insurance for new foreign trade formats and new models such as overseas warehouses, and actively play the role of risk protection and financing promotion.(The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the People’s Bank of China, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the CSRC, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the Export-Import Bank and China Export Credit Insurance Corporation are responsible for the division of responsibilities.)

(nineteen) convenient trade payment and settlement management.We will deepen the pilot project of facilitating foreign exchange receipts and payments, and support more qualified banks and payment institutions to provide settlement services for enterprises with new foreign trade formats and new models in accordance with laws and regulations. Encourage research and development of safe and convenient cross-border payment products, and support non-bank payment institutions to "go global". Encourage foreign-funded institutions to participate in the development and competition of the payment service market in China.(The People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

Sixth, create a good environment

(twenty) to maintain a good foreign trade order.Strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition regulations, focus on preventing and stopping monopoly and unfair competition in new foreign trade formats, protect fair competition and prevent disorderly expansion of capital. Explore the establishment of a credit evaluation system for enterprises with new foreign trade formats and new models, and encourage the establishment of an important product traceability system. Support the formulation of national, industrial and local standards in the field of new foreign trade formats, and encourage industry associations to formulate relevant group standards.(The Ministry of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Administration of Customs and the General Administration of Market Supervision are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(twenty-one) to promote the construction of new foreign trade infrastructure.Support the construction of online comprehensive service platform and digital public service platform in the field of foreign trade. Encourage telecom enterprises to provide dedicated channels for Internet data for foreign trade enterprises to carry out digital marketing. Improve the layout of the international mail exchange bureau (exchange station) and the international express processing center. Open a special train between China and Europe to meet the needs of new foreign trade formats and new modes to develop transportation.(The Ministry of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Post Bureau and China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(twenty-two) to strengthen the construction of industry organizations and professional personnel training.Promote the establishment of relevant industry organizations in the field of new foreign trade formats according to law, and introduce industry service norms and self-discipline conventions. Encourage ordinary colleges and vocational colleges to set up related majors. Guide ordinary universities, vocational colleges and enterprises to cooperate, and cultivate management talents and high-quality technical and technical talents that meet the needs of the development of new foreign trade formats and new models.(The Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Civil Affairs are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(23) Deepen international exchanges and cooperation.Actively participate in multilateral and bilateral negotiations such as the WTO and the Universal Postal Union, and promote the formation of international standards on electronic signatures, electronic contracts and electronic documents. Strengthen international cooperation in the fields of intellectual property protection and transnational logistics, and participate in the formulation of international rules and standards for new foreign trade formats and new models. Strengthen intergovernmental cooperation with relevant countries in related fields and promote two-way opening up. Vigorously develop silk road e-commerce and strengthen the "Belt and Road" economic and trade cooperation. Promote the connection between China’s new foreign trade format and new mode and foreign circulation industry. Encourage all localities, pilot units and enterprises to carry out international exchanges and cooperation.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all local people’s governments and relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

Seven, do a good job in organizing the implementation

(twenty-four) to strengthen organizational leadership.Give full play to the role of the State Council in promoting the inter-ministerial joint conference system of high-quality trade development, strengthen departmental linkage and coordination between the central and local governments, and coordinate and solve major problems. All regions and relevant departments should implement it in accordance with the division of responsibilities, cooperate closely, introduce relevant measures in a timely manner, and continue to explore and practice boldly. The Ministry of Commerce should strengthen work guidance with relevant departments to ensure that all measures are effective.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all local people’s governments and relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

(twenty-five) do a good job in publicity and promotion.Constantly sum up and promote good experiences and good practices. Strengthen the guidance of public opinion and announce the development effect of new foreign trade formats and new models. Actively create a good atmosphere of encouraging innovation, full of vitality, fair competition, standardization and order, and promote the healthy, sustainable and innovative development of new foreign trade formats and new models.(The Ministry of Commerce takes the lead, and all local people’s governments and relevant units are responsible according to the division of responsibilities.)

the General Office of the State Council

July 2, 2021

(This piece is publicly released)

Xinhua Street Community Health Service Station is located near West Fourth Ring South Road, Fengtai District, Beijing. The sign is eye-catching, but the glass door is locked. There is a sign at the door, which says that outpatient service is suspended.

　

It was a day in January, 2024. People came and went in front of this community health service station. Occasionally, someone went to the door to look at it, saying that they had come to take medicine to see a doctor. Unexpectedly, it was closed. A lady who lives nearby told China Newsweek that this service station has been closed for several years. "There are all kinds of things to say now, and some say that the boss owes money to run away; Some say that this service station belongs to private contracting, and now private contracting is not allowed. "

　

According to China News Weekly, this community hospital is indeed contracted by individuals. The contractor’s name is Li Penghui. In July 2020, Li Penghui was arrested on suspicion of committing fraud. In addition to this community hospital, Li Penghui also contracted seven other community hospitals in Fengtai District, Beijing.

　

On December 29th, 2023, the Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court") pronounced in the first instance that Li Penghui was convicted of fraud and sentenced to life imprisonment, and at the same time committed the crime of embezzlement, the crime of accepting bribes by non-state staff, and the crime of falsely invoicing, and decided to execute life imprisonment.

　

The court found that Li Penghui used eight community hospitals, including Xinhua Street Community Health Service Station, which he contracted, to collude with others to defraud the national medical insurance fund of more than 100 million yuan.

　

The Taiping Bridge Community Health Service Center contracted by Li Penghui has now closed. Photography/Our reporter Liu Xiangnan

　

Defrauding medical insurance funds by more than 100 million yuan

　

Before the incident, Li Penghui was a legal person of Beijing Jingminkang Investment Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jingminkang Company"). On July 29th, 2020, he was detained by Fengtai Branch of Beijing Public Security Bureau and arrested on September 4th of the same year.

　

Also in the same case as Li Penghui are Fan Zongtang, Fan Wenyuan and Li Peirong. Before the incident, Fan Zongtang was the actual controller of Beijing Nengji Chinese Herbal Pieces Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Nengji Company"), Fan Wenyuan was the supervisor of Nengji Company, and Li Peirong was the financial controller of Jingminkang Company. They were both detained and arrested on the same day as Li Penghui.

　

After the investigation of Li Penghui by Fengtai Branch of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, it was transferred to Fengtai District People’s Procuratorate of Beijing for examination and prosecution, and Fengtai District Procuratorate submitted the case to the Second Branch of Beijing People’s Procuratorate for examination and prosecution. In October 2021, the Second Branch of Beijing Municipal People’s Procuratorate filed a public prosecution with Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court. Regarding the part of Li Penghui suspected of fraud, the procuratorate found out the following facts:

　

From 2015 to 2020, four people, including Li Penghui and Fan Zongtang, conspired to illegally obtain national medical insurance funds. First, Li Penghui and Li Peirong instructed their employees Wang Mopeng and others (both handled separately) to purchase raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine privately or buy finished pieces of traditional Chinese medicine for Nengji Company, and then Fan Zongtang and Fan Wenyuan instructed their employees Chen Xiangcheng and others (both handled separately) to forge raw material inspection reports and production records and print medicines. It was sold to eight community health service stations (centers) such as Xinhua Street Community Health Service Station controlled by Li Penghui, and then these eight community health service stations (centers) defrauded the national medical insurance funds by claiming reimbursement.

　

The eight community hospitals contracted by Li Penghui are all designated medical insurance institutions. Photography/Our reporter Liu Xiangnan

　

From 2015 to 2020, four people, including Li Penghui, conspired to illegally obtain national medical insurance funds. During the process of purchasing and selling Chinese herbal pieces from Nengji Company in eight community health service stations (centers) controlled by Li Penghui, they instructed their employees to issue sales bills with two prices, conceal and inflate the actual purchase price and sales price of drugs, and declare reimbursement, thus defrauding the national medical insurance funds of more than 43 million yuan.

　

The eight community hospitals contracted by Li Penghui are located in Fengtai District, Beijing, including seven community health service stations including Xinhua Street, Zhenguo Temple, Liuliqiao Nanli, Chengnan Jiayuan, Fengti Times, Wangyuan and Indigo New District, and Taipingqiao Community Health Service Center.

　

Li Penghui was born in December 1973, and his domicile is Huaibin County, Xinyang City, Henan Province. Li Penghui’s father, Li Peiri, said that after graduating from high school, Li Penghui went to Shijiazhuang to study medicine, and then went to Beijing to develop as a dermatologist and open a clinic. Relevant legal documents show that Li Penghui has a college education.

　

According to Li Penghui’s confession, in 2014, he established Jingminkang Company to facilitate the management of the eight community hospitals he has contracted. These eight community hospitals belong to private non-enterprise units in nature, and are not allowed to engage in profit-making activities, and the surplus is not allowed to pay dividends, and they are all designated medical institutions for medical insurance. They all signed a trust agreement with Jingminkang Company to trust the management of people and property to Jingminkang Company.

　

According to the industrial and commercial information, Jingminkang Company has a registered capital of 20 million yuan, which is an enterprise mainly engaged in business services, and Li Penghui holds 100% of the shares. At present, the company still exists, but it has been listed as a restricted high-consumption enterprise by the court.

　

In the case of Li Penghui, another defendant, Li Peirong, was Li Penghui’s aunt and was born in 1963. Li Peiri said that he has nine brothers and sisters, and Li Peirong ranks in Laojiu. Li Peirong studied in high school, worked as a director of women in her hometown, and later came to Beijing to be in charge of finance in her nephew’s company. Among the relatives of the Li family, Wang Mopeng, the brother-in-law of Li Penghui, was arrested for the case. Wang Mopeng works as a purchasing manager in Jingminkang Company.

　

Fan Zongtang, the actual controller of Nengji Company, is the No.2 defendant, born in 1962, and his domicile is Bozhou, Anhui, a famous "drug capital". Another defendant, Fan Wenyuan, is the son of Fan Zongtang. According to the industrial and commercial information, Nengji Company was established in 2013 with a registered capital of 20 million yuan, which is mainly engaged in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Now the company has changed its alias and moved to a new address.

　

(Profile picture) The former Nengji Company located in Fangshan District of Beijing has been demolished.

　

Fan Zongtang’s wife Kang Huaying said that their hometown was in the suburb of Bozhou, Anhui Province. At the end of 1985, Fan Zongtang came to Beijing to do business, ran some clinics or hospitals, and sold the locally grown Chinese herbal medicines purchased in Bozhou to these clinics or hospitals. In 2008, Fan Zongtang rented land in Xiaoma Village, Qinglong Lake Town, Fangshan District, Beijing to build a factory for producing Chinese herbal medicines, named Beijing Shenghuitang Chinese Herbal Pieces Co., Ltd. In 2013, he rented another land in Xiaoma Village to build a new factory, namely Nengji Company.

　

The so-called decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine refer to the traditional Chinese medicine that can be directly used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine after being processed according to the theory and processing methods of traditional Chinese medicine. Fan Zongtang’s family revealed that the Chinese herbal medicines of Nengji Company were mainly purchased from Bozhou, Anhui Province, processed into Chinese medicine, and then supplied to many hospitals in Beijing. By the time Fan Zongtang and his son were arrested, Nengji Company had more than 70 hospitals in Beijing, including more than 40 community hospitals.

　

Fan Zongtang and Kang Huaying have three sons, among whom Fan Wenyuan was born in 1988, ranking second; The eldest brother named Fan Jinghui, born in 1985, was also arrested on the same day as Fan Zongtang and was dealt with separately. From 2018 to the incident, Fan Jinghui served as a legal person of Nengji Company. Kang Huaying was responsible for purchasing Chinese herbal medicines in Bozhou. She was also arrested on the same day as Fan Zongtang, and was not prosecuted.

　

"Special" Chinese Herbal Medicine in Pharmaceutical Factory

　

The case of Li Penghui was tried in Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court for three days. According to the first-instance judgment made by Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court, the trial of Li Penghui and others for fraud involved the testimony of more than 40 witnesses.

　

Hong Xu is Li Penghui’s cousin. He testified that in July, 2016, Li Penghui asked him to help Jingminkang Company, and his job was to distribute and carry goods in the pharmaceutical factory of Nengji Company. Around July 2020, Li Penghui asked him to go to Anguo, Hebei Province to buy Chinese herbal medicines with Wang Mopeng, who was in charge of purchasing in Jingminkang Company. They sent the bought herbs to Nengji Pharmaceutical Factory for processing and labeling, and then distributed them to community health service stations.

　

Hong Xu said that the price of the medicine they bought from Anguojin was very low, and the ex-factory price was the same as that of the medicine produced by Nengji Company, so his company could earn more difference. Moreover, the drugs are all drugs that can be reimbursed by medical insurance, and the drugs are not taken at their own expense, and these drugs are only sold to Jingminkang’s own health service station.

　

Notice materials about "Chinese herbal pieces" posted in a community hospital contracted by Li Penghui.

　

A number of employees who have done testing work in Nengji Company have testified that Wang Mopeng’s testing data of medicinal materials were falsified. Sun Ya, who went to work in the inspection team of the quality department of Nengji Company in March 2014, said that Wang Mopeng’s goods stored in Nengji Company included both raw materials and finished products. Wang’s goods were different from those of Nengji Company, and they were stored separately. Wang’s goods often had problems, and the factory had to leave Wang’s goods, so he was asked to falsify the data and change the inspection report. He also revised the origin and quantity of raw materials in the inspection report, because some raw materials in the origin are better, more famous and more expensive. An employee also testified that during the purchase, production and sales of Nengji Company, he found that Wang Mopeng’s goods were special. Other hospitals bought finished products from Nengji Company, but Wang Mopeng purchased the goods himself and stored and processed them in Nengji Company.

　

Fan Jinghui, who served as a legal person in Nengji Company, confessed that Nengji Company is mainly engaged in the production, processing and sales of Chinese herbal medicines, and its business scope is not allowed to buy finished Chinese herbal pieces, nor can it distribute finished Chinese herbal pieces of other brands. Most of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines of Nengji Company were collected by his mother Kang Huaying’s company from Bozhou medicinal materials market in Anhui Province, and some of them were imported from Anguojin, Hebei Province, which was purchased by Wang Mopeng on behalf of Li Penghui.

　

Most of the Chinese herbal pieces in eight community hospitals managed by Jingminkang Company are taken from Nengji Company. Fan Jinghui said that Wang Mopeng will give Nengji Company a procurement plan, and Nengji Company will start processing raw materials according to the types of this plan. Wang Mopeng’s finished products and raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines purchased from Anguo are stored separately in Nengji Company, and Wang Mopeng’s finished products can directly enter the warehouse of Nengji Company because Fan Zongtang and Li Penghui agreed before.

　

After Wang Mopeng’s raw materials enter Nengji Pharmaceutical Factory, the quality inspection department carries out quality inspection, and sometimes the results of quality inspection will be unqualified. In this case, Fan Jinghui will ask the inspector to re-examine and adjust the detection method until Wang Mopeng’s medicine is qualified; If it can’t pass, Fan Jinghui will contact a third-party inspection agency. According to the confession of Fan Jinghui’s younger brother Fan Wenyuan, if it is tested by a third party, it will basically be qualified.

　

Fan Jinghui confessed that during the testing process, he also asked the personnel of the quality inspection department to change the testing data. After the raw materials are processed, the employees in the production workshop will package Wang Mopeng’s medicine and affix the label of Nengji Company. The part of the finished product that Wang Mopeng entered Nengji Company did not have the test report of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials when he came, and Nengji Company helped to do the quality test report. In addition, it is necessary to write production records from Chinese herbal medicine raw materials to finished products, so he arranged for the staff of the production department to supplement the production records of Wang’s medicine.

　

Chen Xiangcheng, who is the head of the supply and marketing department in Nengji Company, confessed that the quality of Wang Mopeng’s goods is poor, and most of them are finished products. The goods with the trademark of Nengji Company must have a full set of production records, and Nengji Company will arrange people to make fake production records. The finished medicinal materials purchased by Wang Mopeng are directly packaged by the production department, and only a few need to be packaged after simple processing, and the production batch number is compiled.

　

The witness refers to "circular insurance fraud"

　

In January, 2024, China News Weekly visited eight community hospitals contracted by Li Penghui in Fengtai District, Beijing. Except for two community health service stations in Liuliqiao Nanli and Fengti Times, the other six have stopped operating. Chengnan Jiayuan Community Health Service Station on Majiapu Road no longer exists. Its original site now runs a car maintenance shop. A clerk said that this car maintenance shop has been open for two years, and there are still two red characters "medical insurance" on the top of the shop.

　

Although many of them have closed, the layout at that time can still be seen from the remaining furnishings. Walking into the community health service stations of Nanli and Fengti Times in Liuliqiao, which are still being treated, we can see that both community hospitals have specially set up "Chinese Medicine Pavilion" to promote Chinese medicine experts and Chinese medicine featured therapies such as scraping, massage, acupuncture and massage. On one side of the Zhenguo Temple Community Health Service Station, there is only a Cantonese restaurant. This community hospital has also set up a special "Zhenguo Temple Chinese Medicine Department", and the green characters of "Zhenguo Temple Chinese Medicine Department" are the same size as those of "Zhenguo Temple Community Health Service Station". Looking through the window glass of Xinhua Street Community Health Service Station, we can see that there is a slogan "Let you enjoy high-quality Chinese medicine service at your doorstep" on its publicity column, and an introduction to several Chinese medicine experts and a notice on "Adjustment of Chinese medicine decoction pieces" are posted.

　

A corner inside a community hospital contracted by Li Penghui. This edition of photography/our reporter Liu Xiangnan

　

According to Li Penghui’s confession, the Chinese herbal medicines in the eight community hospitals he runs are mainly imported from Nengji Company, and Fan Zongtang of Nengji Company promised to give them rebates. The money was first paid to Li Peirong’s account in charge of finance in Jingminkang Company, and then Li Peirong gave it to him. Each health service station (center) is independently accounted for and settled with Nengji Company respectively. The finance department of Jingminkang Company is mainly responsible for supervising these health service stations (centers).

　

Fan Zongtang confessed that he was introduced to Li Penghui. Li Penghui told him that several of his community health service stations bought Chinese herbal pieces from Nengji Company, and the amount was large, and the price was lower. He also offered a rebate. Li Penghui agreed with him that after the supply was completed, 15% ~ 20% of the transaction amount would be used as a rebate. In addition, Li Penghui bought some Chinese herbal medicines and sold them to Nengji Company, and Li earned some money. After being processed by Nengji Company, they were sold to Li Penghui’s community health service station. Because the medicines bought by Li Penghui were of low quality, these medicines could only be sold to Li Penghui’s own community health service station.

　

In the view of Fan Wenyuan, the son of Fan Zongtang, their cooperation with Li Penghui at the beginning was to make money. They felt a little illegal and risky, but they didn’t realize that there would be such serious consequences, so they went all the way to the crime.

　

Fan Wenyuan confessed that from the sales bills, we can distinguish the drugs of Nengji Company from those purchased by Wang Mopeng. First, the varieties are different. There are many kinds of drugs purchased from Nengji Company, but the number of each variety is small. Wang Mopeng purchased and processed drugs on his own behalf, but the number required is large; Second, from the point of view of discount rate, Nengji Company issued two tickets for its own medicine, one with discount rate was actually used to settle accounts with Wang Mopeng, and the other without discount rate was used to settle accounts with community health service stations. Wang Mopeng only had one ticket for the medicine he bought himself, and there was no discount rate. There must be two kinds of bills recorded by Nengji Company, one is tickets sold to eight community health service stations at low prices, and the other is bills purchased by Li Penghui himself.

　

Invoicing in this way, in the later judgment, was recognized by the court as a way for Li Penghui and Fan Zongtang to conspire to defraud the medical insurance fund. In this regard, Fan Jinghui also mentioned it in his confession. According to Fan Jinghui’s confession, Wang Mopeng ordered the goods from Nengji Company, and according to the ordering plan, priority was given to stocking the goods from Wang Mopeng’s own goods in Nengji Company, and the insufficient or no drugs were stocked from Nengji Company’s own finished goods. The billing office of Nengji Company will issue the accompanying bill separately, in which the accompanying bill of Wang Mopeng’s own goods will be sent away directly with the goods, and the person in the billing office will first issue a high-priced accompanying bill, and then issue a low-priced accompanying bill according to the lower price finalized by Fan Zongtang and others. This kind of change in unit price to issue high and low bills has been around since the end of 2017. The total amount of high-priced tickets minus the total amount of low-priced tickets is the profit of drugs that Li Penghui’s eight health service stations bought from Nengji Company, and their checkout is based on high-priced tickets.

　

Dong Mengmeng once worked as a cashier in Jingminkang Company. She testified and recalled that there are two kinds of Chinese herbal medicines used in various community health service stations controlled by Li Penghui, one is Nengji wholesale, and the other is Wang Mopeng wholesale, which is also called self-use wholesale. Private purchase of Chinese herbal medicines is a private communication between Li Penghui and the boss of Nengji Company. By reducing the cost of medicine and raising the price of medicine, the profit is maximized. There are differences in the quality and registration methods between Nengji wholesale and self-use wholesale. Nengji wholesale belongs to the regular pharmaceutical factory, and the self-use wholesale is the medicine that Wang Mopeng bought from outside, and the quality is not good. Dong Mengmeng said that Wang Mopeng bought low-priced drugs for Nengji Company, and then sold them to various community health service stations at the national standard price with the trademark of Nengji Company. Each community health service station was purchased with the medical insurance fund of the public account.

　

Throughout the case of Li Penghui, witness testimony directly mentioned the medical insurance fund, except Dong Mengmeng, and Zhang Hengxing, the accountant of Jingminkang Company. Zhang Hengxing testified: "The service station paid Nengji Company according to the accounting standard, using the medical insurance funds in the service station’s corporate account, and Nengji Company returned the wholesale money for its own use to Li Penghui and his designated personal account, and then Li Peirong took the money and gave it to Wang Mopeng to continue to buy cheap Chinese herbal medicines in Anguo."

　

"This is the cycle," Rolling Xing said. "This is a kind of deception, and it is the money from the medical insurance fund that is defrauded."

　

Judgment of first instance: the principal offender was sentenced to life imprisonment.

　

Community health service station is an important part of social public health service management, which plays an important role in the health service in China, but there are also problems. In October, 2021, the Supreme People’s Court reported seven typical cases of punishing medical insurance fraud according to law. One case was that a community health service station in Beijing defrauded more than 30 million yuan of national medical insurance funds by falsely prescribing drugs, and its legal person was sentenced to life imprisonment.

　

As for the case of Li Penghui, China News Weekly learned that it was the national medical insurance department that received the report and complaint, and then transferred the clue that "eight community health service stations were suspected of colluding with suppliers to falsely invoice and defraud the medical insurance fund" to the Beijing medical insurance department, which led to the case.

　

According to the judgment of the first instance, the Beijing Municipal Health Insurance Bureau issued a reply to prove that the actual payment amount of the Chinese herbal medicine medical insurance fund from the eight community hospitals involved in Li Penghui’s case from January 2015 to April 2020 (including the Wangyuan Community Health Service Station from May 2019) was 242,419,570.12 yuan, accounting for 81.28% of the total amount in all medical insurance transactions including Chinese herbal medicine project fees. The judicial audit report and the basic audit data on which it is based prove that from January 2015 to October 2019, of the amount of Chinese herbal pieces purchased from Nengji Company by eight community health service stations involved, the total amount of self-use wholesale (self-collected part) was 124,951,045.69 yuan, the total amount of Nengji wholesale was 90,643,353 yuan, and the total amount of Nengji delivery was 46,908,133.3 yuan; The related payment amount of Chinese herbal medicines collected by 8 community health service stations involved is 55981013.84 yuan.

　

During the trial, Li Penghui did not recognize the alleged crimes. For the crime of fraud, he argued that the raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine purchased by himself were of good quality and low price, and the drug price was reasonable after being processed and supplied to community hospitals by Nengji Company, and the price was not inflated. He never colluded with Fan Zongtang to defraud the medical insurance fund by means of high and low fares. His defender issued a defense opinion, arguing that Li Zicai’s medicinal materials are commercial operations, and low-price procurement and high-price sales are also market operations. No quality problems have been found in the above medicinal materials, and the sales prices of all links are in line with legal provisions and market conditions; Regarding the drug supply part of Nengji Company, the procurement, sales and declaration processes of health service stations are all legal, and the difference between high and low tickets is actually a kickback. In both modes, Li Penghui did not commit fraudulent acts such as fabricating facts, concealing the truth, maliciously colluding, and inflating drug prices, and the Medical Insurance Bureau did not have a wrong understanding. Li Penghui did not constitute fraud.

　

Regarding the fraud crimes of Li Penghui and others, the court judged that: objectively, Li Penghui, Fan Zongtang and others made up facts and concealed the truth; The evidence in the case can prove that the defendants cooperated with each other, fabricated the actual purchase price of Chinese herbal pieces, concealed the true basic data, and defrauded the medical insurance funds; Subjectively, each defendant has the intention of fraud and the purpose of illegal possession; The defendant’s defense and defense opinions that do not constitute fraud cannot be established, and the court will not accept them.

　

On December 29, 2023, Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court pronounced: Li Penghui committed the crime of fraud, the crime of occupation, the crime of accepting bribes by non-state staff, and the crime of falsely issuing invoices, and decided to execute life imprisonment and confiscate all personal property; Fan Zongtang committed fraud and bribed non-state staff and decided to execute 15 years in prison; Li Peirong committed the crime of fraud and duty embezzlement and decided to execute a fixed-term imprisonment of 15 years; Fan Wenyuan was convicted of fraud, bribery of non-state staff and forging the seal of the armed forces, and decided to execute 12 years in prison.

　

China News Weekly learned that many people in Nengji Company and Jingminkang Company, including Fan Jinghui and Wang Mopeng, were dealt with separately. Among them, Fan Jinghui was sentenced to four and a half years, Wang Mopeng was sentenced to five years, and Chen Xiangcheng, who was the head of the supply and marketing department of Nengji Company, was sentenced to seven years. Fan Zongtang and his son and Li Penghui refused to accept the verdict and appealed.

　

(Hong Xu, Sun Yaquan, Dong Mengmeng and Zhang Hengxing are pseudonyms)

　

Published in China Newsweek magazine, No.1128, February 5, 2024.

Magazine title: the whole story of the case of community hospital defrauding 100 million yuan of medical insurance

Reporter: Liu Xiangnan

Editor: Cai Rupeng

There are various detailed explanations about the personalized recommendation algorithm of Netease Cloud Music on the Internet, but the official has never appeared! In order to solve users’ curiosity about the algorithm behind the daily recommended song list, we broke into the product and technology department of Netease Cloud Music Headquarters, held technical experts hostage, and spit out all our doubts.

This article is transferred from: The Power of Machines | Utoda

Old irons, do you know what day it is today?

Knowing that we should say happy holidays, we can’t forget to wait for the singles assigned by the state in the cold kennel.(as if I wasn’t talking about myself).

This morning, when I found that the dog food scattered by my circle of friends had been enough for one year, I still turned on Netease Cloud Music, trying to find the same kind in the lively comment area: another group of single dog people.

Unexpectedly, in addition to a "special interview for the first year of singles", the first song recommended to me every day turned out to be:

The Best Day of My LifeBest day of my life.

……

Well, the lyrics "I won’t give up on myself, don’t wake me up, this is the best day of my life", which makes me seriously doubt that the personality recommendation of Netease Cloud Music has penetrated the normal life of all single dog users:

"Don’t always stay in the comment area, please find your own happiness before coming next year. Otherwise, as soon as the Year of the Dog is over, your title will become’ single pig’. "

Happy Valentine’s Day and Happy Year of the Dog.

On the Zhihu, two questions, "What is the song list recommendation algorithm of Netease Cloud Music" and "What’s good about Netease Cloud Music", occupy the third and eighth place in the hot topic of Netease Cloud Music respectively.

To a large extent, the first question has made the second question.

Perhaps Netease Cloud Music has a variety of reasons for its one-sided praise on Zhihu.Some people say that they have hired a large number of water forces. If so, it should be a heavy investment. I won’t tell you that the communities of the two platforms overlap greatly)However, the quality of the song list is hard, and the personality recommendation is relatively accurate compared with the domestic competing products, which is one of the key reasons for some users to develop into Netease Cloud Music diehard fans.

And, the first question can also explain why you will see a lot of comments such as "Japanese push first", "Japanese push second" and "Japanese push +FM simultaneous recommendation" in the comment area of many songs.

However, it is not very appropriate for some people to compare Netease Cloud Music to "a paradise for independent and minority music lovers". Re-exposing those songs that have been ignored by the public to your eyes is often the role of technology behind the scenes.

Just like you downloaded a song from Jay Chou today, will the system push you another popular song with a similar style in Jay Chou the next day, or push an unpopular song with a similar style, which will make you feel more novel?

There is some truth in this answer.

However, it is a bit surprising. Netease Cloud Music has never officially disclosed its recommendation algorithm and product application details. But this does not prevent the public from being interested in the process of integrating their technology and products.

Therefore, the algorithm model and AI application in Netease Cloud Music have basically been ripped apart by Zhihu users.

You can find a great answer and speculation in the Zhihu topic "What is the song list recommendation algorithm of Netease Cloud Music?"(The high praise answer in it is not too clear than the media reports, and it is easy to understand.).

The reason why we want to visit Xu Jia, a data mining engineer and product manager of Netease Cloud Music, is not so much to uncover the secret of the algorithm as to verify it before.(including on the Internet)All kinds of guesses, as well as help users answer the doubts arising from the use of Netease cloud music.

Basic algorithm: people are divided into groups

In fact, the personalized recommendation algorithm of Netease Cloud Music is similar to the basic recommendation algorithm applied in today’s headlines, station B and many O2O e-commerce platforms. This has been certified by the Xu family, which is the kind of basic algorithm we are familiar with:

This algorithm is attributed to the invention of Amazon engineers-if a customer buys this thing, he may also buy another thing.

Simply put,The prediction standard of this algorithm depends on the similar consumption patterns between people.For example, I like these two songs, and they are also in your song list, so there may be other songs I like in your song list.

The above statement is only easy to understand.In fact, collaborative filtering algorithms should be divided into two categories: user-based and project-based (single).

1. Based on users:I have a high similarity with Xiao Ming’s collection of songs, so on the basis of judging that our tastes are similar, I can recommend Xiao Ming the singles in my collection that she hasn’t collected.

Image source: data mining workers

2, based on the project (single):That is, the user’s preference for a song is used as a vector to calculate the similarity between singles. After comparing the similarity, we recommend a single to another user according to this user’s historical preference.

For example, Xiao Xin downloaded two singles, Courage and Little Love Song, while Xiao Yi downloaded Courage, Darkness and Little Love Song, while Xiao Yi downloaded Courage …

According to the historical preferences of these users, Netease Cloud Music can judge that Courage is similar to Little Love Song, and those who like Courage may also like Little Love Song, so they can recommend Little Love Song to Xiaoyi.

Image source: data mining workers

In short, if you still find it difficult to understand the algorithm of "collaborative filtering", you can just remember one word: people are divided into groups.

It’s a crooked building here: it is this recommendation model, which is essentially based on the similarity of users’ preferences, that invisibly makes users form a community of "chatting with each other" while listening to music.

Therefore, Shen Bowen did not regard "it may develop into the largest dating website in China in the future" as a nonsense joke. Instead, I think that this social trend based on music preferences is more reliable than the current dating platform:

Curiosity Daily has done a survey before. What are the main reference standards for human beings to find their soul mates? -it’s music taste.

"Birds of a feather flock together" under the neural network model

It can be seen that this recommendation algorithm is absolutely indispensable to the support of user historical data. Collaborative filtering algorithm is very powerful when the amount of data is huge and clean enough.

On the other hand, if I am a new user, or I use Netease Cloud Music very infrequently. In other words, in the case of scarce data, how can Netease Cloud Music know my taste?

This cold start problem means the inevitability of cross-use of different algorithm models. Perhaps the following second category of algorithms can eliminate this obstacle to some extent.

• Content-based recommendation algorithm.

This is a recommendation method that focuses on distinguishing the essence of single content, and it is regarded as "birds of a feather flock together".

Sander Dieleman, one of the founders of Spotify content recommendation model, a world-famous music streaming platform.(now a DeepMind research scientist)In a blog post titled "The Application of Convolutional Neural Network in Music Recommendation", I specifically explained the errors when using a single collaborative filtering algorithm:

1. Because this algorithm not only includes the information of users and consumption patterns,There is no information about the recommended single itself. Therefore, popular music is easier to be recommended than unpopular music because the former has more data. And this kind of recommendation is often hard to surprise.

2. Based on collaborative filtering of items (single songs),There is also a problem, that is, the content heterogeneity under similar usage patterns.

For example, if you listen to all the songs in a new album, but except the title song, other episodes, covers and remixes may not be typical works of singers, then collaborative filtering will be biased because of these "noises" at this time.

of course，Its biggest problem is that "without data, everything is invalid".

Therefore, the content-based recommendation algorithm is more like a supplement to the above shortcomings of collaborative filtering algorithm-if there is not a lot of user data, or if we want to listen to unpopular songs, we can only find the answer from the music itself.

Two experts, Xu Jia and Shen Bowen, made it clear that Netease Cloud Music adopted a complex content-based algorithm to solve these problems. But unfortunately, the two did not explain the specific details too much.

Therefore,According to our guess, they should use the same method as streaming media platforms such as Spotify and Youtube-using deep learning to build audio-based recommendation models..

First of all, if you want to compare the content differences between singles, there are too many dimensions, such as artist and album information, lyrics, melody and rhythm of music itself, boasting in the comment area, VIP downloading songs, paying or not, and so on.

As you can imagine, this is a huge amount of calculation. But calculating the total amount of violence is a method …

Therefore, so many features should be mapped into the low-dimensional hidden variable space by feature embedding and dimensionality reduction methods.(Like the picture below).

It is conceivable that in this space, each song can have a coordinate, and the coordinate value is multiple coded information including audio characteristics and user preferences.

Then, if we directly predict the exact position of a song in this low-dimensional space, it will also clarify the representation of this song.(including user preference information).

In this way, it can be recommended to the right audience without historical usage data.

Therefore, it is a way that many streaming media are taking to master the hidden characteristics mapped from a large number of song data sources and user behavior data, and then establish a neural network prediction model based on audio characteristics and train the network with short audio clips. (The specific method can be to look through Sander Dieleman’s paper. If you know this, tell us a lesson! )

Of course, in the process of training the network, engineers will still pass the "discard"（Dropout）And other methods to reduce the standard deviation between the hidden representation of filtering model and audio prediction.(Don’t let the data set be too discrete)And this is mainly to reduce the influence of song popularity on the recommendation system.

That’s right, that’s why you can receive more minority song recommendations.

Of course, any of the above algorithms will actually be based on a certain "similarity".

For example, Netease Cloud Music also applies the machine learning ranking model, which is still based on user behavior data and similarity.(It is also a very common model).

Reflected in the application, in popular terms, the first song in your "Daily Recommended" song list is usually the one that the system thinks matches your preferences the most. "Many people often shout’ Day Push First’ in the comment area, and its significance is still quite great."

In Zhihu, there is a recommendation model "Potential Factor Matrix" mentioned by Big V, but Xu Jiaze thinks it is out of date, and few people use it now.

Calculation method-how do we calculate the similarity of our song list?

According to the Xu family, Netease Cloud Music mainly uses two measurement methods:

Euclidean distance and cosine similarity.

The blog of a technical expert in CDSN has explained the difference between them very clearly.(below)：

From the CDSN technology blog named Ying.

The former is regarded as two points in the coordinate system to calculate the distance between the two points.

For example, when data A and B in the above figure are regarded as points in the coordinate diagram, their similarity is the absolute distance dist between two points.(A,B).

The latter is regarded as two vectors in the coordinate system to calculate the included angle between the two vectors.

For example, cosθ in the figure, the smaller the included angle, the higher the similarity.

You will find that, still on this picture, if the position of B remains unchanged and the position of point A continues to extend in the opposite direction of the line from A to the origin, the cosine angle between A and B will remain unchanged forever, but the absolute distance between the two points has changed.

This difference makes them need to be used in different data analysis models.

Xu explained that Euclidean distance, which can highlight the absolute difference of numerical values, is often used in calculating the similarity of songs themselves.

For example, 10,000 people like A songs and 20,000 people like B songs. Because the sample size is large enough, all users’ preferences for songs can be regarded as the same intensity, then the European distance can be directly used to calculate.

Under the European distance, users’ preferences for songs can all be considered as the same score, which can simplify the calculation of song similarity.

The cosine similarity is more about distinguishing differences from the user’s preference direction.

For example, Netease Cloud Music can use this method to rate content through users.(There are different scoring weights such as download, collection, search and uninterested)To distinguish the similarity of users’ interests.

In short, combining the above algorithms and calculation methods, Netease Cloud Music’s personality recommendation has a good reputation among the public.

But this kind of "not bad", if it can be achieved only by technology, I am afraid that Amazon’s business in China will not be so bad(I’m actually voicing its interface).

Frankly speaking, even the best algorithm has its shortcomings.

For all music products, the score of user experience is composed of editing and project collaboration, interface design preferences, music copyright richness, music preference prediction, technical ability and problem feedback speed.

This is why some people are crazy about calling for the recommended song list of Netease Cloud Music, and many people say that "people who listen to miscellaneous songs may be really tired of using Netease Cloud Music".

For example, you are a loyal fan of European and American music circles, but you have downloaded a Chinese song occasionally recently.

Then I can be sure that there will be a Chinese song in your recommended song list the next day. Next, I can only be "uninterested" in the Chinese songs that appear in the song list.

The recommendation algorithm sets the weight based on different users’ behaviors, with "download" being the highest, followed by collection, search and sharing. In addition, you can also click "not interested", which may avoid such songs.

In addition to algorithm recommendation, to a great extent, a streaming media platform will also assume the responsibility of manual filtering, establish manual rules from the perspective of products and operations, and filter out unqualified options.

Shen Bowen told us that they don’t just rely on the algorithm, but hope to compensate some shortcomings of the algorithm through some artificial power.

Therefore, in addition to a separate algorithm team, Netease Cloud Music also has a strong editorial team.

On the one hand,They help to do a layer of screening on the recommended content at the beginning, find out those high-quality content, and ensure the health of the whole recommendation library.

On the other hand,They also need to solve some convergence problems of the algorithm.

"Because if we rely solely on algorithm recommendation, we may be slow to respond to some new content, and we will also use some manual editing methods. To find out some content that we may think is very high quality, and then recommend it to everyone, "Shen Bowen said.

In addition, even if the customer service system relies on AI technology to a certain extent, the "artificial feedback group" composed of Netease Cloud Music customer service department and technical department is an important reason for users to have a good impression on Netease Cloud Music.

Many "second-back" technical solutions have also been dubbed by users as "the original Xiaobian of Netease Cloud Music is really alive".

In the early stage of platform development, when the data volume can’t meet the requirement of establishing recommendation algorithm model, as an Internet author named Shaq in Zhihu described:

The reason why you can get the high-force recommendation is probably that it first came from a song list recommended by a professional editor named "High-force Small Fresh".

They effectively guided users with similar interests to discover these music. Most people who have similar tastes with you have heard them and felt good. After fancy’s algorithm, they "precipitated" and "fermented", and then produced a good similarity, thus generating such an excellent recommendation and pushing it to you.

Finally, everyone was "amazing" and more new users joined, Perfect.

1905 movie network news　Recently, a dark superhero movie adapted from Marvel comics.Dr. Night: MorbiusAfter the release of the new preview, the fans’ enthusiasm was instantly ignited. The superhero that has never been seen before in the Marvel universe attracted countless eyes, and the complex heart that is also evil, good and evil is difficult to distinguish, and the unique super power has triggered heated discussions among countless netizens. The appearance of Spider-Man’s arch-rival vulture, and Morbius’s self-proclaimed "venom" are even more surprise gift. "Dr. Night: Morbius" has created a box office of 14 billion US dollars.《Spider-Man: Far From Home》andVenomThe gold medal production teams of two super-popular film series made great efforts to build, and the unprecedented role of Marvel Comics on the big screen shocked the audience. Famous directorDaniel Espinosa(Alien awakening) directed,Jared Joseph Leto(Blade runner 2049、Dallas Buyers Club.Starring, will be released on the global big screen from January 19, 2022.

Dr. Night appeared on the scene and attracted a hot discussion on the whole network.　　

Hidden egg elements are surprising.

After the release of the new preview of "Doctor Night: Morbius", netizens were attracted by the new dark superhero played by Oscar winner Jared Joseph Leto, saying that "super powers are so cool". As a superhero character never seen before in the Marvel universe, Morbius’s complex personality of being both righteous and evil is extremely prominent, which has triggered a heated discussion among netizens about whether Morbius is a superhero or a super villain. The bat-like echolocation ability and unique magical skills such as gliding and teleporting have increased people’s curiosity about Morbius. How many unknown surprises there are in this "Dr. Night" who is both good and evil, let us wait and see!

The most surprising thing is that there are many Spider-Man-related egg elements hidden in this notice, which has aroused the enthusiasm of netizens to play with stalks crazily. Among them, Spider-Man graffiti and the villain vulture, which had been exposed before, reappeared, but the Horn Daily in Morbius’s hand hides another mystery, which seems to hide eggs closely related to Spider-Man. At the end of the preview, Morbius teased himself as "I am the venom" after subduing a gangster with a knife, which aroused everyone’s infinite speculation and excited all fans, making people look forward to the arrival of "Dr. Night" Morbius!

Master Leto’s premiere of Marvel Comics was praised by netizens.　

"Spider-Man" and "Venom" gold medal team escorted.

Dr. Night: Morbius tells the tortuous story of Spider-Man’s arch-rival Morbius from a disabled teenager suffering from blood diseases to a dark hero in Marvel Comics, and officially reveals the origin of Morbius, the most alternative dark superhero in Marvel universe. Jared Joseph Leto, who won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor for Dallas Buyers Club, starred in the Marvel superhero movie for the first time. His gloomy and mysterious actor image is in perfect harmony with Morbius’s characteristics of being both good and evil. In the preview, Leto perfectly presents Dr. Morbius’s weak state when he was terminally ill and his strong state after transformation. The obvious figure change is particularly noticeable. Netizens have said that "this figure management is too powerful" and "Master Leto’s eyes are absolutely perfect", which makes people look forward to the film!

As the biggest Marvel superhero movie in 2022, The Night Doctor: Morbius was created by the gold medal production team of Spider-Man: Heroic Expedition and Venom, which created a total box office of 14 billion dollars, and will once again present a wonderful superhero blockbuster shocking feeling. Directed by the famous director daniel espinosa (Alien Awakening), Jared Joseph Leto (Blade Runner 2049), the Oscar winner, co-starred with famous Hollywood actors such as Adria Arjona (Pacific Rim: Thunder reappears), matt smith (Star Wars 9: The Rise of Skywalker), Jared Harris (Spy League) and tyrese gibson (Fast and Furious 8). On January 19, 2022, it was released on the global big screen.

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Li Xian shouted to the photographer: Please stop.

Karry Studio issued a document to boycott stalking fan.

Yang Mi was shot maliciously on behalf of others.

YiBo thundered against stalking fan.

From May 11th to today, four celebrity artists boarded the hot search one after another in four days. Under the influence of stalking fan’s malicious acting, the private lives of celebrities were frequently harassed.

What is a substitute? Who is driving the growth of the agency industry? What kind of gray industrial chain is hidden behind the star generation? Today, we will talk about the agency industry in the entertainment industry.

Behind the professional shooting:

Xiao Zhan has 50 pictures of 2000 yuan, and Esther Yu has 300 600 yuan.

Before understanding the industrial chain, let’s popularize the slang of rice circles.

Instead of taking pictures, the abbreviation DP is often used in rice circles. Acting as a substitute is a popular career in rice circles in recent two years. Many stars have their own fan groups and stations, but sometimes these fans may not be able to go to the activities attended by the stars. At this time, they will find people who can go to the activities and pay them to help shoot their favorite stars. These photos and videos will be used to maintain the operation of the stations, for fans to lick the screen and bring more traffic exposure to idols.

Stalking fan: An extreme and crazy person among the fans of artists and stars. In order to satisfy their own selfish desires, they like to follow, peep, and secretly photograph the daily and undisclosed trips (airports, hotels, etc.) and work of stars, harass their favorite stars, and affect the private lives of artists (and their families). Illegitimate behavior will cause great trouble to the idol himself, and at the same time, it will disturb public order, bring hidden dangers to public safety, and often deal a blow to the idol’s reputation.

We can often see such videos on social media such as Weibo and Tik Tok. When stars appear in public places such as airports, they are often chased and photographed by a large number of people. There are many fans among the people who take pictures, but more likely they are "professional photographers".

As a matter of fact, there has been a long history of the phenomenon of substitute filming. In recent days, Yang Mi, Li Xian, Karry and others have taken the initiative to denounce this chaos, which shows that the substitute filming industry is rampant. Since last year, many stars have been harassed by substitute filming and boarded the hot search.

For example, Jason Wu was angry when he was forced to take photos, Angelababy fans were beaten when they were forced to take photos, and Sean Xiao fans were crazy about taking photos and disturbing the order of the airport.

Many people may be curious, how do professional substitute photographers get the travel information of stars and shoot them? What’s the use of taking these photos? Who will buy it? How does the agency industry work from top to bottom?

The reporter’s investigation found that there are many sellers selling celebrity privacy itineraries on the Internet, and the privacy of a large number of celebrities such as Jackson Yee, Karry, Arqie, YiBo, Adam and Esther Yu is sold in the circle of friends, including flight information, ID number, passport number, mobile phone number, micro-signal, website account and even playlist of listening to music APP.

In order to avoid security risks, reporters were told that sensitive words should be expressed by abbreviations during the communication with such sellers.

For example:

Brush off-SG household registration map-HJ flight-HB/

High-speed rail-gt/address-DZ ID card-SFZ

This kind of sellers are the upstream practitioners in the industrial chain of professional proxy photography. They provide the basic guarantee for proxy photography by providing the privacy itinerary of stars.

After obtaining the itinerary, the work of taking pictures on behalf of them began. In addition to professional shooting equipment, they also need to have excellent technical acumen. Take the airport as an example. Professional agents will specially buy air tickets to go through the security check with artists, and then refund them after filming, so as to minimize the work cost.

If you get a first-hand photo, you will resell it to fans or a third-party seller, and then the seller will sell it to fans at a higher price to earn the difference.

The reporter interviewed a number of sellers and provided the reporter with the price of the corresponding star.

Take Esther Yu, a popular trainee in "Youth has You 2", for example, 100 pictures start as a small bag, and the price is 260 yuan; 160 pictures are big bags, and the price is 330 yuan; The whole package starts with 300 pictures, and the price is 600 yuan.

In addition, the quality of photos, the clarity and the popularity of artists will all determine the selling price. For example, only 30 pictures in Jackson Yee are sold in 260 yuan, and the price of substitute photos in Sean Xiao is much higher than that of ordinary stars, and 50 pictures can be sold for 2,000 yuan.

To put it simply, acting as a proxy means that groups mainly in stalking fan take photos by tracking stars, and then resell them to fans to earn money.

Invade privacy and disturb public order

The chaos in the auction industry is frequent.

Where there is demand, there is a market. Driven by interests, the agency group is growing. Searching for "selling pictures dp" on Weibo, we can find that everything related to substitute photography can be done in it, from information selling to photo trading. It can be seen that as a product of the development of fan economy to a certain stage, Daipai has now formed a complete industrial chain from top to bottom.

Nowadays, the development of the agency industry has gradually lost control. According to previous CCTV news reports, there were 20 recorded fan alarms in 2017 only in Terminal T3 of the Capital Airport. From January to July 2018, there were 7 recorded fan alarms. In the process of filming, it not only causes inconvenience to artists, but also seriously affects the operation order of the airport, brings inconvenience to airport staff, and even brings congestion to the airport, causing certain security risks.

In addition to disturbing public order, there are many kinds of chaos in the agency auction industry, such as invasion of privacy, which leads artists to file complaints one after another.

As early as 2019, the People’s Daily published an article criticizing the agency auction. The People’s Daily said that Hugh and Jason Wu angrily denounced the agency auction, and Sean Xiao was blocked by the agency auction, resulting in flight delays … In recent years, the agency auction business has repeatedly been out of order and ignored social rules, which seriously disturbed social order. No interest should override the public interest. Only by correcting the traffic direction with rules and leading the fan economy with order can the traffic economy return to rationality and go further.

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Original title: "Starting from the star to shoot the industrial chain: 50 photos of Xiao Zhan sell for 2,000 yuan, and 300 photos of 600 yuan in Esther Yu"

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　　"China has become the only country in the world that has all the industrial categories listed in the United Nations industrial classification." At the press conference held by the State Council Press Office on September 20th, Miao Wei, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, introduced the development of industrial communication industry, saying that since the founding of New China 70 years ago, our party has United and led people of all ethnic groups across the country to successfully embark on a new industrialization development path with China characteristics, and has gone through the industrialization process of developed countries for hundreds of years, creating a miracle in the history of human development.

　　"China has built a modern industrial system with complete categories, independence and integrity, and the scale of industrial economy ranks first in the world." Miao Wei said that China’s industrial added value increased from 12 billion yuan in 1952 to more than 30 trillion yuan in 2018, an increase of about 971 times at constant prices, with an average annual growth rate of 11%.

　　According to World Bank data, in 2010, the added value of China’s manufacturing industry surpassed that of the United States and became the largest manufacturing country. "This marks that since the mid-19th century, after a century and a half, China has regained its position as the world’s largest manufacturing country. Take steel as an example. In 1949, China’s steel output was only 158,000 tons, accounting for only 0.1% of the world’s steel output in that year. In 2018, China’s steel output has exceeded 900 million tons, an increase of 5,799 times, accounting for half of the world’s steel output for a long time. " Miao Wei said.

　　Great changes have taken place in China’s information and communication industry since the founding of New China 70 years ago. Miao Wei said that in serving the people’s lives, it has solved three major problems: less coverage, slow network speed and expensive tariffs. "In the past 70 years, we have built the largest information and communication network in the world, with the length of optical cable exceeding 45 million kilometers, the total number of telephone users reaching 1.7 billion, the number of Internet broadband access users reaching 440 million and the number of netizens reaching 854 million." Miao Wei said.

　　Miao Wei said that in the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G, industrial internet and artificial intelligence, we have achieved synchronous development with the world, and even have a leading position in some areas. New formats and new models are constantly emerging. Applications in the fields of autonomous driving, smart home appliances, VR/AR, distance education and telemedicine are also in the ascendant.

　　"At present, the open cooperation in the information and communication industry has reached a new level. As the most prosperous information and communication market in the world, we encourage private capital to enter the fields of mobile communication resale, broadband network access services and Internet data centers. We are also willing to share development opportunities with enterprises from all over the world and gradually improve the level of opening up in the telecommunications field. " Miao Wei said.

　　In terms of technological innovation capability, the industrial communication industry has been greatly improved. "With the in-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, China has achieved ‘ Have a place ’ The strategic goal. " Miao Wei said. Taking the mobile communication industry as an example, China has achieved a historic leap of 4G synchronization and 5G leadership through 2G follow-up and 3G breakthrough, and the number of necessary patents for 5G standards ranks first in the world. Under the strong traction of information and communication technology, by the end of 2018, the scale of China’s digital economy had reached 31 trillion yuan.

In 2024, the 18th Beijing Auto Show opened. This is not the Beijing Auto Show. Some overseas auto makers have come. Half of the booths of BYD and Xiaomi are foreigners, and the arrival of Lei Jun and Zhou Hongyi can be said to be a walking traffic leader, but Tesla is still not seen.

As far as FAW Hongqi is concerned, it has not only introduced a number of concept models, such as the concept car of Hongqi Golden Sunflower, the design concept of integrating the car body light group, wheels and other places into the golden sunflower, the gull wing door blessing, not to mention how fashionable it is, but also the convertible version of Hongqi EH7, which is definitely a bold attempt.

In addition, the brand-new Hongqi Guoya was officially unveiled at the Beijing Auto Show. The new car has been declared before and is expected to be officially listed soon.

And we see that the new car and the declaration map are also different, and the overall body is relatively round, creating an elegant and atmospheric image of the country.

Specifically, in fact, many elements of sunflower have been added to the car body, such as the position of vents on both sides and the brand-new taillight shape. The headlight group is more retro, and the classic straight waterfall grille of the family is preserved. Together with the hub with dense spokes, the lifting beacon and the two-color body, it is simply a "domestic Rolls Royce".

Of course, after all, the new car is 5353mm long and the wheelbase is 3260 mm. Under the slender body lines, the power is also quite exaggerated. According to the application information, the new car will be available in 3.0T oil-electric hybrid and 4.0T oil-electric hybrid versions.

Finally: In any case, Hongqi Automobile has luxury genes, which will improve the design and power configuration, and it is also the representative of luxury cars in big countries in overseas markets.

□ Wang Zhe

China’s punitive damages system first appeared in Article 49 of the Consumer Protection Law in 1993, which stipulated the "double indemnity" rule of goods or services fraud, and this "refund for one" rule quickly created a large number of "professional counterfeiters" and gave birth to the phenomenon of "professional counterfeiting". The revised Consumer Protection Law in 2013 increased the amount of punitive damages, and the number of counterfeiters increased dramatically, showing a trend of professionalism. The emergence of "professional counterfeiters" has played a positive role in enhancing consumers’ awareness of rights, encouraging people to use punitive compensation mechanism to crack down on illegal and infringing acts of operators. However, with the rapid increase of the number of "professional counterfeiters", its characteristics of "profit-making" and "disorder" have also brought many negative effects, such as disrupting the business environment and occupying judicial resources. At the same time, the judgments of local courts on such cases are not the same. The fundamental reason is the different understanding of whether "professional counterfeiters" can be used as consumers and whether "professional counterfeiters" can apply punitive damages system. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, we should accurately identify the main identity of "professional counterfeiters", standardize the application of punitive damages system to "professional counterfeiters" and establish a graded application system of punitive damages.

First of all, as to whether "professional counterfeiters" belong to consumers, the author thinks that we should comprehensively consider the meaning of consumers, and judge whether they buy or use goods or receive services for their daily needs or for re-trading. We should not deny their identity as consumers just because they have the purpose of making profits. According to the law on the protection of consumers’ rights and interests, "consumers’ rights and interests are protected by this law when they buy or use commodities or receive services for their daily consumption". It can be seen that as long as goods are purchased and used for daily consumption, they belong to consumers and are protected by the Consumer Protection Law. Living consumption refers to various consumption processes that people carry out to meet material and cultural needs, and the corresponding concepts are activities for production and consumption, such as purchasing raw materials by enterprises. Therefore, judging whether a subject is a consumer should be based on the purpose of buying goods or receiving services. If the buyer buys for another transaction, it is not a "consumer". In addition, in the process of amending this law, it was suggested that the "professional counterfeiters" who bought fakes knowing them and then made claims should be excluded from the application of this law. Others suggested that it should be clearly stipulated that "for the purpose of making profits" or "for the purpose of professional counterfeiting" does not belong to the scope of "for the needs of daily consumption". In the end, such suggestions were not adopted, which shows that legislators did not deny the consumer identity of "professional counterfeiters" when revising the law.

Secondly, the emergence of "professional counterfeiters" is in line with the purpose of establishing a punitive compensation system in the consumer field. The punitive damages system stipulated in Article 49 of the Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests before the amendment confirmed the benefits of consumers’ rights protection, greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of consumers to launch legal struggles with treacherous operators, and cultivated a large number of smart consumers like Wang Hai. Some local people’s courts have also made some judgments involving punitive damages according to this provision. However, this provision still has limitations in stimulating consumers’ interests, and the sanctions against commercial fraud are still insufficient. In order to strengthen the protection of consumers’ legitimate rights and interests, and to combat and punish the malicious fraud of operators, in the process of amending the Consumer Rights Protection Law, all parties generally called for further strengthening the punitive damages system, increasing the amount of punitive damages and increasing the punishment for fraud. It can be seen that the main purpose and function of the Consumer Protection Law at the beginning of establishing punitive damages system is to punish illegal businesses, increase the illegal cost of illegal businesses, mobilize the enthusiasm of consumers in legal struggle with treacherous businesses through interest incentives, and encourage consumers to defend their rights through litigation and other means to make up for the lack of public law enforcement due to the limited public resources. In addition, if the probability and illegal cost of an illegal act are relatively low, it is easy to form negative incentives and it is difficult to effectively curb illegal acts in this field. Based on this, it is necessary to support "professional counterfeiters" who strictly carry out counterfeiting and rights protection within the scope of law.Support this special group of "consumers" to defend their rights, so as to form a governance structure in the consumption field of co-construction, co-governance and sharing, and their legitimate claims cannot be rejected just because they "know and buy fakes" or have the purpose of "making profits".

Finally, although "professional counterfeiters" belong to consumers and their existence conforms to the purpose of establishing punitive damages, we should standardize the application of punitive damages to "professional counterfeiters", establish a grading application system of punitive damages, gradually reduce the profit-making space of "professional counterfeiters", and maximize the elimination of the negative effects brought by "professional counterfeiters" while giving full play to their positive role, so as to realize the relationship between protecting consumers’ rights and optimizing the business environment. At present, the punitive damages in the field of consumer rights protection in China are calculated by the multiplier method, that is, the appropriate "base" is selected from the existing compensation and multiplied by the fixed "multiple" within the legal scope to get the specific amount of punitive damages. The author thinks that because the "multiple" of punitive damages in the field of consumer rights protection is fixed, there is no room for discretion in this part, so the "base" of punitive damages can be calculated according to general consumption and special consumption. Specifically, for food, medicine and other special consumption areas that affect consumers’ health and life safety, the people’s court should insist on the protection of food and drug safety as the primary value orientation in handling food and drug safety disputes. Whether the plaintiff is a "professional counterfeiter" or not, it should be based on the principle of strengthening compensation, and punitive compensation should be paid to producers or operators based on the actual price or loss to meet the people’s needs for a better life. In the field of ordinary consumption, the court should strengthen active justice and deal with "professional counterfeiters"The punitive damages system should be carefully applied to the profit-making behavior, and the amount of punitive damages should only be calculated based on the actual living consumption demand recognized by ordinary people, thus narrowing the profit-making space of professional counterfeiters and preventing some producers and operators from "being too small and too heavy". In addition, punitive damages should be applied to the repeated purchases of small commodities in special consumption fields such as food and medicine, but the total price of all commodities purchased by professional counterfeiters should be used as the calculation "base" of punitive damages.