上海后花园2021

[Original] Text/Xi Yan

In the film and television investment contract, the order of investment payment and startup is not clear, and the parties have disputes about it. The performance order of a bilateral contract directly affects the exercise of the parties’ legal right of defense. The order of performance is a matter of performance mode. If the agreement on the way of performance is unclear, it should be determined according to the legal provisions or trading habits. If it is still uncertain, it should be determined in a way that is conducive to achieving the purpose of the contract.

appoint

On August 30, 2021, Party A and Party B signed the Agreement on Joint Investment and Production of TV Series, which mainly stipulated: 1. Party A is the project master of TV Series, fully responsible for organizing the production, publicity and distribution of the drama, and Party B invests in the drama in the form of venture capital. 2. The total budget of the play is RMB 250 million. 3. The starting time of the play is expected to be September 20th, 2021. 4. Party B contributes capital in cash, with an investment amount of 50 million yuan only, and enjoys 20% of the total income of this project. 5. Payment time of funds: (1) Within 15 working days after the signing of this agreement, Party B will pay 20 million yuan; (2) Five natural days before the play starts, Party B pays 20 million yuan; (3) Party B shall pay 10 million yuan within 30 natural days from the date when the play is turned on. 6. As the executive producer of the drama, Party A is fully responsible for the production progress of the drama, and plans to start the drama no later than September 20, 2016.

fulfil

After the contract was signed, Party B did not pay the investment. On September 27th, 2021, Party A sent a reminder letter to Party B, urging Party B to pay the investment amount of 20 million yuan. B didn’t pay after signing the dunning letter, and A didn’t turn it on. Party A thinks that Party B’s failure to pay the investment funds as agreed constitutes a breach of contract, and claims that Party B shall bear the liability for breach of contract.

dispute

Party B claims that Party A should start the machine first, and then pay the first investment, and Party B has the right to refuse its payment request if Party A fails to perform the startup obligation. B’s exercise of the right of defense before performance does not constitute a breach of contract. Party A thinks that Party B should fulfill its capital contribution obligation first, and its startup obligation comes later.

question

How to determine the order of performance of A’s startup obligation and B’s investment payment obligation?

comment on and analyze

As for the payment method of B’s funds, the contract stipulates that B’s funds will be paid in three installments, the first payment will be made within 15 working days after the signing of the agreement, that is, before September 20, 2021, the second payment will be made five days before the startup, and the third payment will be made within 30 days after the startup. The payment of the second and third funds is conditional on the startup. For the start-up, the contract stipulates that A plans to start the play no later than September 20, 2021. There are two expressions of "plan" and "no later than" in the aforementioned agreement. There are two explanations for its meaning: starting the machine before September 20, 2021 is a definite obligation, and Party A should complete the startup task before this time, and starting the machine before September 20, 2021 is only a tentative plan, not a definite obligation. For the explanation of its meaning, this paper tends to the latter. The reasons are as follows:

First of all, from the perspective of contract interpretation, if there is an interpretation of private party’s expression of will, the meaning of the expression of will should be determined according to the words used, the nature and purpose of the relevant clauses, habits and the principle of good faith. Article 3 of the contract stipulates that the starting time of this drama is expected to be September 20, 2021. The startup time agreed in this article is the estimated time. According to Articles 3 and 6 of the contract, September 20, 2021 is the estimated startup time.

Secondly, from the point of view of contract loophole filling, the sequence of startup and investment payment obligation involves the issue of performance mode. Article 510 of the Civil Code stipulates that after the contract comes into effect, if the parties have not agreed or clearly agreed on the quality, price or remuneration, place of performance, etc., they may supplement it by agreement; If a supplementary agreement cannot be reached, it shall be determined in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract or trading habits. Article 511 stipulates that if the parties’ agreement on the contents of the relevant contract is unclear and cannot be determined according to the provisions of Article 510 of the Civil Code, the following provisions shall apply: if the method of performance is unclear, it shall be performed in a way conducive to achieving the purpose of the contract. According to the contract, the analysis is as follows: (1) If it is a definite time to start the machine on September 20, 2021, according to the contract, the first fund of Party A should be paid before September 20, 2021, the second fund should be paid before September 15, 2021, which is obviously illogical and not true. (B) The significance of fulfilling the obligation to pay the investment funds is to provide production funds for the play. When the contract was signed, the drama didn’t start shooting. The purpose of A’s investment in B was to raise funds for the drama, and the purpose of B’s investment was to provide shooting funds for the drama, complete the shooting and production of the TV series, and obtain income through distribution. Judging from the signing time of the contract and the agreement on the start-up time, the purpose of B’s investment fund is the shooting and production of the play, and the investment fund is actually the production fee. Usually, the venture capitalist pays part of the investment money first,It is in line with the investment practice and the contractual purpose of all investors to turn on the computer after the party who performs the production task. Therefore, it is more reasonable to plan the startup time on September 20, 2021. (3) The signing of the contract is a fact that the parties can decide, but the starting of the TV series is an uncontrollable fact. Whether the TV series can be started is restricted by many factors, such as the availability of funds, the signing of the main creator, the participation of actors, etc., and there is some uncertainty, which belongs to the category of conditions. It can be expected and foreseen but cannot be determined. Even if the agreed time is fixed, the parties should judge in advance that it cannot be achieved. Based on the foregoing analysis, the contract involved in the case stipulates that Party B shall pay the first investment before September 20, 2021, and determine the starting time after receiving the payment, and Party B shall pay the second investment five days before starting.

To sum up, Party B’s first investment payment obligation comes first, and Party A’s startup obligation comes last. The order of the two obligations can be determined. B’s claim about exercising the right of defense of prior performance lacks factual basis and cannot be established. Its failure to fulfill its payment obligation as agreed constitutes a breach of contract.

The method of performance is the specific method that the debtor should take to perform his debts. The mode of performance is generally determined by the nature and content of the contract. When the mode of performance cannot be determined, it should be performed in a way that is conducive to achieving the purpose of the contract. The purpose of the contract should be determined according to the original purpose of the debt corresponding to the debt and the interests expected by the creditor through the debt.

Reference case:

Beijing Intellectual Property Court (2018) No.560 Civil Judgment of J.73 Minzhong

2024.08.23

The number of words in this article is 2372, and the reading time is about 4 minutes.

Author |First Financial Zheng Na

Xu Binhuai, the new president of Country Garden Service, probably didn’t perform very well in the first semi-annual report. At the same time, the cash flow dropped sharply.

According to the data disclosed by the company, in the first half of 2024, the total service revenue of Country Garden was about 21.046 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of about 1.5%. This growth rate is significantly lower than the same period in 2021 -2022, and also lower than the 3.4% increase in the same period in 2023.

Specifically, the income from property management services, as the basic business, reached 12.75 billion yuan, up 4.6% year-on-year, accounting for about 60.6% of the total income; The income from community value-added services was about 1.998 billion yuan, and the income from "three supplies and one heat" business was 3.345 billion yuan, both of which increased year-on-year.

The income of the other three major businesses declined. Among them, non-owner service income was about 356 million yuan, down 63.4% year-on-year, and urban service business income was 2.17 billion yuan, down 9.4% year-on-year; The revenue from commercial operation service business was 332 million yuan, down 37.9% year-on-year.

Although the overall income has increased, the increase in various service costs and sales costs has led to thegross profitAnd gross profit margin were dragged down. By the end of June, the gross profit of Country Garden services was 5.553 billion yuan, down 13.7% year-on-year, and the overall gross profit margin was about 21.2%, down 3.7 percentage points year-on-year.

Regarding the decline in gross profit margin, Country Garden Service said that, on the one hand, due to the principle of prudence, after providing services to a number of customers whose credit risks have increased significantly since August 2023, the received consideration will be recognized as income when the performance obligations have been fulfilled and the customer’s consideration has been received; On the other hand, due to external unfavorable factors, enterprise management factors, different gross profit margins of various businesses, changes in their proportion in total revenue and active improvement of service quality, the gross profit margins of other businesses except property management and other related services in the "three-supply-one-industry" business segment decreased.

Huang Peng, CEO and CFO of Country Garden Services, further explained at the performance meeting that the company took the initiative to reduce the pressure on some businesses, which lowered the gross profit and gross profit margin. For example, in commercial operation services, in order to cooperate with risk merchants for debt processing,property; assetsThe need for disposal, the two sides negotiated to cancel the contract to dispose of some business, resulting in the company’s loss of more than 1 billion yuan in business management operating income and nearly 100 million.net profit.

Under the multiple influences, the profit performance of Country Garden service also declined by over 30%. As of the end of the reporting period, the company achieved a net profit of 1.546 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 37.9%; The profit attributable to shareholders of the company was about 1.44 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 38.7%; The core net profit attributable to shareholders of the company was 1.84 billion yuan, down 31.7% year-on-year.

The sharp drop in net profit has further affected the cash flow performance of Country Garden services. By the end of June, the company’s net cash from operating activities was about 270 million yuan, a sharp drop of 87.7% compared with 2.192 billion yuan in the same period of last year.

Country Garden Service explained that, on the one hand, it was affected by the year-on-year decline in net profit, and on the other hand, because the business of venture merchants and small business owners did not grow as fast as the scale, the comprehensive charging rate decreased year-on-year, which led to an increase in accounts receivable; Affected by unfavorable factors such as the external environment, the pre-existing property fee decreased; The third is the periodic fund fluctuation caused by daily business activities.

Among them, accounts receivable increased significantly. According to the disclosure, as of the end of June, the trade receivables of Country Garden services were 21.958 billion yuan, an increase of about 2.4 billion yuan compared with the end of 2023. Specifically, accounts receivable aged over one year totaled 8.7 billion yuan, an increase of about 33% compared with the beginning of the year. Among them, the accounts for one to two years were about 6.077 billion yuan, an increase of 11.28% over the beginning of the year; 2.022 billion yuan in two to three years, an increase of 202.24% over the beginning of the year; Those with more than three years have about 601 million yuan, an increase of about 59% compared with the beginning of the year.

In order to cope with the rising accounts receivable, Huang Peng said that at present, a debt recovery committee has been set up, which is composed of company executives, to assign tasks and comprehensively promote various debt recovery through the implementation of strong organizational guarantee.

Xu Binhuai added that among the above three factors, the impact of the decline in operating net profit on cash flow is expected. "Due to the decline of non-owner value-added services and other reasons, when we made the business plan at the beginning of the year, the net profit target in 2024 was lower than that in 2023, and we think the current decline is relatively controllable. If the established net profit target can be achieved at the end of the year, then the cash flow target will have a new foundation. "

In addition, the phased increase in funds generated by daily business activities also has an impact on cash flow. For example, Xu Binhuai said, for example, in the first half of the year, he participated in the competition of more market expansion projects, which resulted in a relatively large investment in margin. He stressed that this is not the reason why cash flow is unhealthy. In the second half of the year, while strengthening expenditure management, more attention should still be paid to capital inflows, that is, collection and prepayment.

Xu Binhuai said that in advance payment, it will increase the attractiveness of pre-storage of property fees in the second half of the year, such as organically combining integrated marketing business with pre-storage of property fees and promoting pre-storage of property fees through more activities.

Country Garden Service gives more countermeasures. Xu Binhuai said that in terms of small business owners, it is necessary to compact the responsibility, identify the precise reasons, use specific methods, and give greater inclination in management measures and incentives to ensure that small business owners return to a healthy level. "Judging from the operating results over the years, the collection of property fees always has a better performance at the end of the year than in the middle of the year, so at the end of the year, we hope to make up for the decline in the collection rate in the middle of the year, which is still relatively confident."

In terms of risk merchants, Country Garden Service has set up a special committee to recover arrears, which has given sufficient support from the board of directors to the highest level of management. Country Garden revealed that it has taken active measures to collect overdue accounts receivable, including but not limited to paying debts with assets, promoting litigation or arbitration, and achieved initial results.

Even so, Xu Binhuai still said, "Frankly speaking, it is still difficult for venture merchants to get cash back at present. We still lock their due rights and interests in various ways, which will gradually turn into cash flow in the second half of the year and in the future." He said that the realization of assets still needs a process.

In particular, he explained that in the first half of the year, Country Garden Service had made a lot of achievements in the management of risky customers, such as paying debts with assets, and a considerable number of assets had been paid off, but some processes were in the process of promotion, so they were not fully reflected in the cash flow statement.

Xu Binhuai also set a "military order" for the cash flow performance in the second half of the year. "We still have to make a beautiful turnaround at the end of the third quarter through powerful measures, thus forming a strong guarantee for the annual collection and recovery and achieving strong support for cash flow."

As for the annual report of Country Garden Services, Nomura Securities reported that the decline of the company’s performance was in line with expectations, but its weak cash flow was worrying. The net cash from the company’s operating activities dropped by over 80%, only 270 million yuan, accounting for about 1% of the interim income and 15% of the adjusted net profit, mainly because it was more difficult to collect property management fees. Nomura believes that the widening gap between cash flow and income/profit indicates that the risk of impairment loss is high, which is a factor affecting the company’s profit. Based on this, Nomura lowered the service target price of Country Garden by 25.9%, from HK$ 5.4 to HK$ 4, with a "neutral" rating.Wechat editor| Lamb

Ideal, sudden!

　　　　　　　　Last week, the mainland’s box office grossed 921 million yuan, of which the box office continued to slump from Monday (25th) to Thursday (28th), maintaining a state of continuous decline until the early arrival of the National Day file on Friday (29th), making the daily box office finally rebound to nearly 100 million yuan. On October 1st, the box office closed at 380 million yuan, up 34% from last year.

　

　　　　　　　　The top three in the weekly box office list were swept by three new films released only for two days, and the champion was won by the third work of "Mahua FunAge"; Sino-British co-productions performed well, ranking second; The new film directed by Jing Wong, which was not optimistic before, won the third place.

　

　　　　　　　　In terms of old films, before the release of the new film, "Rise of the Planet of the Apes: The Ultimate Battle", with a stable box office income of about 12 million per day, the total box office rose steadily, ranking sixth this week; The weekly box office was 34.27 million, surpassing the eighth place; The box office myth finally fell below one million in a single day this week, and the overall ranking fell out of the top ten.

　　

　　　　　　　　From September 25th to October 1st, there were 1.86 million screenings, with a total audience of about 27.81 million.

The advantage of "The Iron Fist of Shame" is obvious. The first day of the National Day file only exceeded 100 million yuan.

　　　　　　　　As the third comedy film of "Mahua FunAge", "Shameful Iron Fist" topped the weekly box office as soon as it was released. And in the first two days of the release, the film ranked first in terms of both the proportion of films and the attendance rate. It was also the only film with a box office of over 100 million on the first day of the National Day (September 30), with a box office of 133 million on the first day of the release. As of October 1, the cumulative box office was 308 million.

　

Stills of the movie "The Iron Fist of Shame"

　　　　　　　　In 2015, the first film produced by "Mahua FunAge" became a dark horse in the National Day archives. After two years, "Mahua FunAge" once again entered the National Day archives. The film is not only jointly produced by Mahua FunAge, Xinli Film and Cat’s Eye Film, but also escorted by many cinema resources such as Wanda, Dadi, Hengdian and Jinyi. If the current results can be maintained, the cumulative box office of the National Day file in seven days is expected to exceed 1 billion.

　

Jing Wong’s reputation has rebounded, and the attendance rate of "England vs." is not good

　　　　　　　　In recent years, the quality of films made by director Jing Wong has always been criticized. Looking back at last year’s National Day movie, the film also directed by Jing Wong was madly spit out because of its poor reputation, with a cumulative box office of only 260 million. This year, although his new film "Chasing the Dragon" was released for two days, it ranked third in both box office and film arrangement, but the attendance rate was above 40%, ranking second, 17.5% higher than the third place. The high attendance rate also represents a good reputation. The film scored 7.6 in Douban, ranking second among the five new films with fierce competition in the National Day file.

　

Stills of the movie "Chasing the Dragon"

　　　　　　　　The co-production "Britain vs. Britain", which ranked second in terms of film arrangement and daily box office, earned 72.41 million yuan on the first day of release, and accumulated 146 million yuan in two days of release, which is also the second new film with over 100 million yuan as of October 1. Although the overall performance is acceptable, the attendance rate is always around 27%. In the next box office battle, if the attendance rate cannot be improved, it is likely to affect the box office trend after the film.

　

The military theme is declining, and Dapeng’s "beating people" is hotly debated.

　　　　　　　　On Friday (29th), The Sewing Machine Band was released, which saved the film market from the previous downturn. Together, the two films won more than 70% of the market share, which increased the single-day box office to nearly 100 million, and the market increased by 160% from the previous month. Jerry Lee’s virgo "Hunting in the Sky" was released for six hours, and it won nearly 31.46 million box office, ranking second in the box office list that day. After three days of release, it accumulated 86.49 million box office, ranking fourth in the weekly box office. It is worth noting that the main producer of this film, Chunqiu Times Film, was also the producer of Wolf Warriors 2. However, as a military theme, Hunting in the Sky did not become as popular as Wolf Warriors 2, which shows that this military craze has gradually subsided.

　

Stills of the movie "Hunting in the Sky"

　　　　　　　　The first newspaper of Sewing Machine Band released on the same day received 37.66 million box office and won the champion of the day, but it was far from the first day achievement of director Dapeng’s first work of 133 million. Although on the first day of release, the proportion of national film arrangement was as high as 36.9%, but after the release of National Day films such as Shame Iron Fist, England Fight and Chasing Dragon on the 30th, the film arrangement of Sewing Machine Band instantly dropped to 4.58%. Before the film was released, director Dapeng was angry that he only gave it to a one-star film critic, and said that he would start to "slap him in the face", which caused a heated discussion. Obviously, this farce did not bring any positive impact to the film. Although the douban score of the film was 6.9, which was much higher than that of Pancake Man, the cumulative box office of the film was only 78.46 million yuan after three days of release, ranking fifth in the weekly box office, in order to achieve the previous film.

　

Stills of the movie Sewing Machine Band

　　　　　　　　This week, there are not many new films to be released, among which, as a gift film for the 70th anniversary of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, maternal love has attracted attention as a topic with social significance. Another film adapted from "Out-of-print Banned Books" also attracted the attention of some young fans. Of course, the box office battle for the National Day file will be more intense this week, and we will wait and see what the final result will be.

　

1905 Film Data College

Writer: Walking Beth

　　Spring Festival travel rush is about to kick off in 2024. On January 25th, Railway 12306 began to sell tickets for February 8th (the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month). Passengers who need to book tickets hurry to grab tickets. What is the general situation in Spring Festival travel rush this year? A set of numbers look first!

　　7.2 billion

　　It is estimated that during the period of Spring Festival travel rush this year, the cross-regional personnel flow will reach 9 billion person-times, nearly twice that of the same period in 2023. According to the forecast, there are about 7.2 billion passenger trips of non-operating minibuses on expressways and ordinary national and provincial trunk lines in Spring Festival travel rush, and the proportion of self-driving trips in the total social travel will exceed 80%.

　　18.937 million

　　Statistics show that on January 23rd, the national railways sold 18.937 million tickets, a single-day high since Spring Festival travel rush sold tickets, which indicates that the pre-holiday ticket sales peak has arrived.

　　61.08 million

　　Since the ticket sales in Spring Festival travel rush on January 12th, a total of 190 million train tickets have been sold, including 61.08 million tickets during Spring Festival travel rush, up 159% year-on-year.

　 　 [XCAR Deep Observation Original]

　 　 Foreword:In the previous article, we talked about the topic of "China brand collective counterattack", but mainly talked about the "big guy" in China brand, including the "four big and four small" in state-owned car companies and private car companies in the first-line camp. This issue will continue this topic, but the goal has been changed from "big guy" to "small guy". The so-called rising tide lifts all boats, the continuous expansion of China automobile market, and the improvement of the overall technical level will also bring opportunities to those "small guy" automobile enterprises in China market. "Small boats are easy to turn around". If they respond quickly enough and find the right development direction, these "small heads" can also overtake in corners. Inadvertently, you will suddenly find that their growth rate is much faster than you think. Let’s take a look at several representative car companies.

　 　 ● Zotye automobile

　　　　Speaking of Zotye, there seems to be no sense of existence for a long time. The initial impression is that SUV model that looks like Toyota Terui, and the car name is still changing from 2008 to 5008, but the model has not changed. The first judgment is that this car company has no strength of independent technology development. In addition, it seems that there is not much ambition after a long period of obscurity. In fact, among private car companies, Zotye started not too late, and it was almost the same as BYD’s entry into the automobile field, both in 2003. Like BYD, Zotye had a long history before it entered the automobile field, but its old business was not electronics, but hardware.

　　　　Zotye Automobile’s predecessor was the Great Wall Hardware Machinery Factory, which was established in 1994 and located in Yongkang, Zhejiang Province, where the private economy was very developed. Since then, the Great Wall Hardware Machinery Factory has been renamed Tieniu Group, which has experienced rapid growth and subsequent industrial integration. In 2003, Tieniu Group entered the automobile field after acquiring the shares of Jinma, which produces key automobile parts, and established Zotye Holdings, with Wu Jianzhong as the chairman.

　 　　By chance, Zotye Automobile bought a Toyota TERIOS production line sold by a Taiwan Province automobile company due to financial problems, and gained the capacity of vehicle production. But since then, it has faced the same problems as all private cars — — The qualification of vehicle production was initially achieved through cooperation with Chengdu Xindadi Automobile, but after all, it was an expedient measure. In March 2007, Tieniu Group broke through many obstacles and successfully acquired 70% of the shares of Jiangnan Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd., thus taking Jiangnan Alto to its subsidiary and "buying" a car "birth certificate" of its own.

　　　　The bumpy road is somewhat similar to the initial stage of Geely and BYD, but the process is more tortuous, which also honed the indomitable will of Zotye Automobile. In the first five years of its establishment, Zotye had only one product such as 5008. The product line was thin and the lack of independent development capability was the biggest bottleneck. Since then, Zotye Auto has thought of introducing mature overseas technology platforms. In 2008, Zotye bought some relatively old technology platforms and production lines of Fiat Auto, such as the early wide-body MPV Dream Deborah, and it was reported that Zotye bought out the four production platforms of M/P/D/L from Fiat, and Palio, which was once produced in Nanjing Fiat, will also be produced in Zotye Factory.

　　　　After purchasing the technology platform from Fiat, Zotye’s product line finally expanded, and since then, it has also launched Langlang and Langjun based on Fiat Palio and Siena. Although it is an old platform, Zotye has carried out independent design and transformation, which is also the consistent practice of Zotye to launch new cars since then.

　 　 With the technical support of Fiat, at the Shanghai Auto Show in 2011, Zotye’s product line suddenly broke out, and a large number of previously unavailable models appeared on the booth, covering many fields such as mini-cars, compact cars and SUVs, and adopted a brand-new letter+number naming method.

　 　 The imitation traces of Lang Lang and Lang Jun introduced by Zotye in the early days are very obvious, and the independent design is not mature enough, with a strong "cottage" atmosphere. In addition, Zotye is not good at marketing and its market performance is relatively general. The real turning point is the launch of Zotye Z300 and the joining of Xia Zhibing, former general manager of BYD in 2012.

　　　　Zotye Z300 has greatly surpassed Zotye’s previous products in terms of design and interior. Its appearance is fashionable and generous, and the interior is also very advanced. Coupled with the large body size and low price, the outstanding products offset the lack of brand power and achieved good sales results. In addition, after Xia Zhibing became the president of Zotye Automobile, he was fully responsible for the management of production, technology and sales. Zotye’s product development and positioning, as well as subsequent marketing, have all reached a higher level, and Zotye’s development has also entered a fast track.

　　　　In 2013, Zotye Automobile sold more than 134,000 vehicles, an increase of more than 40% compared with 2012. At the end of 2013, another heavyweight model of Zotye, Zotye T600, went on the market. This model, which looks like "Volkswagen Touareg", is quite controversial. However, for a car company like Zotye, which originally lacked brand power, barbaric growth is sometimes an essential stage. The market finally gave the answer. The monthly sales of Zotye T600 is about 5,000, and it has entered the mainstream camp of China brand SUVs.

　　　　In 2014, Zotye introduced the Z500, which has got rid of the shadow of imitation in appearance, and the design can be said to be outstanding, fashionable and sporty, and equipped with a 1.5T engine to match the CVT gearbox. This model has reached the middle and upper reaches of China brand in all aspects, which makes people sit up and take notice.

　　　　At this year’s Shanghai Auto Show, Zotye once again brought surprises, and launched a brand-new medium and large-sized car Z700. This flagship model is somewhat Audi A6 in design, but it is not a naked imitation, but has added many independent design elements. And the interior technology and configuration have a good performance, and the 1.8T and 2.0T power is also a selling point. In addition, another urban SUV model, Damai X5, is also very interesting, with mature design and an estimated price of 80,000 yuan.

　　　　It is worth mentioning that Zotye has also made great achievements in the field of new energy. In addition to the previously launched Zhidou electric vehicle, the auto show also launched a brand-new Zotye E200/ sesame E30 electric vehicle, which will be launched in September this year. The design is very interesting and can meet the daily needs of urban transportation. Zotye entered the new energy market very early, and electric taxis have been piloted in Hangzhou for many years, which has accumulated a lot of experience and is also very prescient.

　　　　Zotye’s success lies in the successful grasp of the domestic market demand. For example, after having a mature technology platform, it puts more energy into improving the design level. It has to be said that the design level of Zotye’s new car has been in the middle and upper reaches of the China brand, leaving a good first impression on consumers. In addition, the body size is also very advantageous compared with competitors at the same level. Coupled with rich configuration and a price that is close to the people, the product’s competitiveness is excellent.

　　　　Some people may say that if it’s just beautiful in appearance but lacking in core competitiveness, isn’t it a vase? But the fact is, in this era of hard work, will you choose a car with excellent performance, but will it be ugly enough to affect your mood when you go out? Moreover, with the foundation of Fiat technology, Zotye’s core technology foundation is still good, and it is a bit wrong to call it a "vase"!

Tianjin Bureau of Statistics National Bureau of Statistics Tianjin Survey Corps

　　March 1, 2019

　　In 2018, under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, Tianjin thoroughly implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, took the important requirements of "three efforts" put forward by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as the key link, adhered to the general tone of striving for progress in stability, thoroughly implemented the new development concept, took the initiative to do a good job in stabilizing employment, finance, foreign trade, foreign investment and expectations. The overall economic operation has remained stable, structural optimization has been continuously promoted, quality and efficiency have been steadily improved, market vitality has been continuously enhanced, people’s livelihood has improved significantly, and a high-quality development trend is taking shape.

　　I. Synthesis

　　In 2018, the city’s gross domestic product (GDP) was 1,880.964 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 17.271 billion yuan, up by 0.1%; The added value of the secondary industry was 760.981 billion yuan, an increase of 1.0%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 1,102.712 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9%. The tertiary industrial structure is 0.9:40.5:58.6.

　　The quality of fiscal revenue has improved significantly.The annual general public budget revenue was 210.619 billion yuan. Among them, the tax revenue was 162.484 billion yuan, accounting for 77.2% of the general public budget revenue, an increase of 7.7 percentage points over the previous year. From the perspective of main taxes, the value-added tax was 69.843 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7%; Enterprise income tax was 31.951 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1%; Personal income tax was 12.978 billion yuan, an increase of 11.4%. The annual general public budget expenditure was 310.453 billion yuan. Among them, social security and employment expenditure was 50.408 billion yuan, up by 9.7%; Education expenditure was 44.667 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%; Medical and health expenditure was 19.255 billion yuan, an increase of 5.7%; Expenditure on housing security was 9.171 billion yuan, an increase of 43.1%.

　　The annual task of supply-side structural reform was fully implemented.De-capacity has been solidly promoted. In the fourth quarter of 2018, the utilization rate of industrial capacity above designated size in the city was 78.5%, up by 1.4 percentage points over the same period of last year, crude steel output increased by 6.4%, down by 13.4 percentage points over the previous year, and pig iron output decreased by 0.5%. The effect of deleveraging was remarkable. At the end of 2018, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size was 57.9%, down by 1.9 percentage points from the end of last year, which was the lowest level since 2013. The cost of enterprises has been gradually reduced, and a new batch of cost reduction policies and measures have been introduced. The introduced cost reduction policies and measures have reduced the burden on enterprises by about 60 billion yuan throughout the year. In 2018, the income cost of the main business of industrial enterprises above designated size was 84.01 yuan, a decrease of 0.91 yuan over the previous year.

　　The private economy remains active.Firmly establish the concept of "industry first, entrepreneurs first", fully implement the "Tianjin Eight Articles" and 61 implementation rules, the business environment continues to improve, and market players continue to increase. In 2018, there were 221,100 newly registered market entities in the city, including 218,800 private market entities, accounting for 98.9% of the city’s total, with 599 newly registered daily. The development momentum in major areas is good. The added value of the city’s private economy was 855.176 billion yuan, up by 1.5%, accounting for 45.5% of the city’s economy. The industrial added value of private industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 2.5%, and the total industrial output value increased by 8.3%, which were 6.6 and 6.7 percentage points faster than the previous year, accounting for 22.8% and 31.3% of the city’s industry respectively. Private investment increased by 4.4%, 10 percentage points faster than that of the whole city. Among them, private investment in real estate development and operation increased by 30.5%, leasing and business services increased by 99.2%, electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply increased by 56.6%, and transportation, warehousing and postal services increased by 2.1%. The export of private enterprises increased by 42.0%, which was 33.4 percentage points faster than the city’s export, accounting for 32.7% of the city’s export.

　　Consumer prices rose moderately.In 2018, the city’s consumer price rose by 2.0%, down 0.1 percentage point from the previous year. Among them, food prices rose by 3.4% and non-food prices rose by 1.7%; Consumer goods prices rose by 2.3% and service prices rose by 1.6%.　　

　　The price increase of industrial producers has dropped.In 2018, the ex-factory price of industrial producers in the city rose by 5.4%, down 3.0 percentage points from the previous year; The purchase price of industrial producers rose by 6.2%, down by 4.9 percentage points.

　　Second, agriculture

　　Agricultural production is basically stable.The total agricultural output value for the whole year was 39.100 billion yuan, down 0.2% from the previous year. Among them, the output value of planting industry was 18.775 billion yuan, down by 3.4%; The forestry output value was 1.273 billion yuan, an increase of 50.2%; The output value of animal husbandry was 9.645 billion yuan, down by 4.8%; The fishery output value was 8.04 billion yuan, an increase of 18.7%; The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 1.367 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5%. The plan to revitalize Xiaozhan Rice was launched, and the supply of major "vegetable basket" products such as vegetables, meat, eggs and milk remained stable.

　　Modern urban agriculture has developed rapidly.The strategic plan for rural revitalization in our city was issued, and the "six systems" of industrial development, reform and innovation, people’s livelihood security, environmental construction, rural governance and policy support were established. New formats such as pastoral complexes, modern agricultural industrial parks, and shared farms have been accelerated, and the number of demonstration bases for breeding applications of the Internet of Things has reached 800. Ten Sino-Israeli agricultural science and technology cooperation demonstration parks will be built, and 100 large-scale standardized facilities parks and 10 green recycling animal products production bases will be built. There are 182 leading rural enterprises at or above the municipal level, and 79 specialized villages with one village and one product. 150 beautiful villages have been built.

　　III. Industry and Construction Industry

　　In 2018, the city’s industrial added value was 696.271 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; The added value of the construction industry was 66.338 billion yuan, down by 16.7%.

　　Industrial production remained stable.The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 2.4% in the whole year, 0.1 percentage point faster than the previous year. In terms of economic types, the added value of state-owned enterprises increased by 1.0%, private enterprises increased by 2.5%, and foreign and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businesses increased by 4.4%. In terms of three categories, the added value of mining industry decreased by 1.4%, manufacturing industry increased by 3.2%, and electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries increased by 5.4%. From the main industries, the added value of agricultural and sideline food processing industry increased by 19.1%, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry increased by 18.5%, metal products industry increased by 18.3%, special equipment manufacturing industry increased by 12.6%, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry increased by 8.8%, automobile manufacturing industry increased by 7.1%, and oil, coal and other fuel processing industry increased by 2.0%.

　　The efficiency of enterprises has increased rapidly.In the whole year, the main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 6.5%, 1.2 percentage points faster than the previous year, the total profit increased by 11.1%, and the profit rate of main business income was 6.8%, 0.4 percentage points higher than the previous year. Among them, the oil and gas mining industry, coal mining and washing industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, tobacco products industry and food manufacturing industry have outstanding profitability, and the profit rate of main business income has reached double-digit level.

　

　　Production in the construction industry continued to decline.The total output value of the construction industry in the whole year was 379.110 billion yuan, down by 11.1%. The building construction area of construction enterprises is 133.7988 million square meters, of which the newly started area is 42.4925 million square meters. By the end of the year, there were 988 general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with special, first-class and second-class qualifications in the city, an increase of 134 over the end of last year.

　　Four, wholesale and retail and accommodation and catering

　　In 2018, the added value of wholesale and retail in the city was 236.145 billion yuan, an increase of 0.8%; The added value of accommodation and catering industry was 32.794 billion yuan, up by 4.5%.

　　The business market developed steadily.The annual sales of wholesale and retail commodities increased by 3.1%. The total retail sales of social consumer goods was 553.304 billion yuan, up by 1.7%. Among the commodities above designated size, the retail sales of petroleum and products increased by 10.8%, 6.8 percentage points faster than that of the previous year, driving the retail sales above designated size of the city to increase by 1.7 percentage points; Clothing, shoes, hats and knitted textiles increased by 10.5%; Furniture category increased by 6.1%; Grain, oil and food increased by 2.9%. There are 60 wholesale markets with a turnover of over 100 million yuan, with an annual turnover of 197 billion yuan.

　　The mass catering market continues to be active.The annual turnover of accommodation and catering industry increased by 10.8%, maintaining double-digit growth. Among them, the turnover of accommodation and catering industry below designated size increased by 12.1%, which was 1.3 percentage points faster than that of the whole city; The turnover of fast food above designated size increased by 8.8%, and the turnover of catering and distribution services increased by 45.8%.

　　V. Investment in fixed assets

　　Investment in fixed assets declined slightly.In 2018, investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) decreased by 5.6% compared with the previous year in comparable terms. In terms of industries, investment in the primary industry decreased by 9.1%; Investment in the secondary industry decreased by 6.3%, and investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 5.3%. Investment in manufacturing industry decreased by 22.0%, of which computer communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry increased by 11.2% and automobile manufacturing industry increased by 7.0%.

　　In 2018, the city strictly implemented various national regulatory policies, and gradually established and improved a long-term mechanism for the development of the real estate market. The investment in real estate development increased by 8.6%. The sales area of commercial housing was 12,498,700 square meters, down by 15.7%, and the decline was 29.6 percentage points narrower than that of the previous year; Sales reached 200.662 billion yuan, down 11.7%, narrowing by 23.0 percentage points over the previous year.

　　VI. Transportation, Posts and Telecommunications

　　In 2018, the added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services in the city was 81.633 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1%.

　　Transportation has developed steadily.The annual freight volume was 535.4807 million tons, an increase of 1.0% over the previous year. Among them, there are 347,111,400 tons of roads, 92,477,000 tons of railways and 82,609,400 tons of water transportation. The turnover of goods was 198.428 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 2.3%. Among them, there are 40.41 billion tons of highways, 24.502 billion tons of railways and 132.66 billion tons of waterways. Passenger traffic was 192 million, an increase of 0.3%; Passenger turnover was 55.349 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 4.9%. Port cargo throughput was 508 million tons, up by 1.4%; The container throughput was 16.0069 million TEUs, an increase of 6.2%. The airport passenger throughput was 23,591,400 passengers, an increase of 12.3%; The cargo and mail throughput was 258,700 tons, down by 3.6%. By the end of the year, the number of civilian cars in the city was 2,986,900, including 2,501,400 private cars; There are 1,920,200 civilian cars, including 1,738,800 private cars.

　　The business volume of posts and telecommunications has doubled.The total postal and telecommunications business in the year was 85.105 billion yuan, up 1.1 times. Among them, the total telecommunications business was 73.571 billion yuan, up 1.4 times, 73.4 percentage points faster than the previous year; The total business volume of the postal industry was 11.534 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. By the end of the year, there were 16.485 million mobile phone users, an increase of 4.3%. There were 9.093 million Internet broadband access ports, an increase of 14.3%. There were 14.218 million mobile Internet users and 4.379 million fixed Internet users, up by 8.6% and 29% respectively.

　　VII. Finance

　　In 2018, the added value of the city’s financial industry was 196.689 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%.

　　The balance of financial deposits and loans maintained growth.By the end of the year, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions (including foreign capital) in the city was 3,098.317 billion yuan, an increase of 4.236 billion yuan and 0.1% over the beginning of the year. The balance of various loans was 3,408.490 billion yuan, an increase of 243.909 billion yuan or 7.9% over the beginning of the year.

　　The securities trading market developed steadily.In 2018, there were 18 new domestic and overseas listed companies and New Third Board listed companies in the city, reaching a total of 259. At the end of the year, there were 5,167,800 securities accounts, an increase of 8.2% over the end of last year. The transaction volume of various securities in the whole year was 3,718.374 billion yuan, down by 14.6%. Among them, the stock trading volume was 1,766.173 billion yuan, down by 20.8%; The bond transaction volume was 1,693.048 billion yuan, down by 13.5%; The fund transaction volume was 252.6 billion yuan, an increase of 58.1%. The turnover in the futures market was 6,661.489 billion yuan, an increase of 10.2%.

　　The insurance market developed steadily.The original insurance premium income for the whole year was 55.998 billion yuan, down 0.9% from the previous year. Among them, life insurance premium income was 41.554 billion yuan, down 1.9%; Property insurance premium income was 14.444 billion yuan, up by 2.0%. The annual compensation was 16.414 billion yuan, an increase of 5.7% over the previous year. Among them, personal insurance paid 8.375 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1%; Property insurance paid 8.039 billion yuan, up 8.5%. By the end of the year, there were 3,936 insurance institutions and 98,600 insurance employees in the city.

　　Eight, development and opening up

　　Investment promotion has been solidly promoted.In 2018, the city introduced a total of 3,339 domestic-funded projects, and the actual utilization of domestic capital was 265.706 billion yuan. 524 manufacturing projects were introduced, with a capital of 17.663 billion yuan, accounting for 6.6%; 2,625 service industry projects were introduced, with a capital of 241.436 billion yuan, accounting for 90.9%, of which the capital of leasing and business services and financial services increased by 64.2% and 32.2% respectively. There are 1,088 foreign-invested enterprises newly approved in the city, with an increase of 14.4%. The contracted foreign capital is 24.649 billion US dollars, and the actual direct utilization of foreign capital is 4.851 billion US dollars.

　　Opening to the outside world has achieved positive results.Strengthen economic and trade cooperation with countries and regions along the "Belt and Road", build a two-way industrial cooperation base, continue to promote the construction of the expansion zone of China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone, and make progress in the construction of advanced manufacturing industrial parks in China and Europe. In the whole year, 132 overseas enterprises and institutions were newly established, with Chinese investment of 2.105 billion US dollars. The newly signed contracts for foreign contracted projects amounted to US$ 4.45 billion, with a turnover of US$ 5.3 billion. By the end of the year, there were 16,900 foreign contracted projects and labor cooperation personnel.

　　The growth rate of foreign trade exports increased.In 2018, the city’s foreign trade import and export totaled 807.701 billion yuan, an increase of 5.6%. Among them, imports were 486.985 billion yuan, an increase of 3.8%; Exports reached 320.716 billion yuan, an increase of 8.6%, an increase of 7.4 percentage points over the previous year. General trade exports reached 155.571 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%, 4.6 percentage points faster than the previous year; The export of processing trade was 142.638 billion yuan, up 6.9%, 6.9 percentage points faster than the previous year. Exports to Russia and ASEAN along the Belt and Road increased by 60.5% and 23.0% respectively, while exports to the United States and the European Union increased by 7.2% and 2.0% respectively.

　　　 Reform and innovation in the Pilot Free Trade Zone continued to deepen.90 reform tasks and two batches of 175 institutional innovations were basically completed. The "Deep Reform Plan" was approved and implemented by the central government, and 84 of the 128 tasks have been completed, taking the lead in implementing innovative policies such as enterprise business license with one address and multiple certificates, and foreign debt facilitation of financial leasing special purpose companies. The Pilot Free Trade Zone has accumulated 51,000 newly registered market entities, which is 2.2 times the sum of the previous years; In 2018, the actual direct utilization of foreign capital was 1.551 billion US dollars, accounting for 32% of the city. Financial leasing and parallel imported automobile business continue to maintain the national leading level.

　　Tourism has developed rapidly.In the whole year, it received 1,983,100 inbound tourists, including 1,759,800 foreigners, and the foreign exchange income of inbound tourism was 1.11 billion US dollars. Received 227 million domestic tourists, an increase of 9.1% over the previous year; Domestic tourism revenue was 384.089 billion yuan, an increase of 16.7%. Residents of our city traveled abroad for 897,500 times, an increase of 85.1%. At the end of the year, there were 82 star-rated hotels and 104 scenic spots with Grade A and above in the city.

　　Nine, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development

　　The function of serving the non-capital and the construction of xiong’an new area have achieved remarkable results.Actively undertake the relief of Beijing’s non-capital functions, Binhai-Zhongguancun Science Park has registered 941 enterprises, and the construction of Beijing-Tianjin Cooperation Demonstration Zone, Baodi Beijing-Tianjin Zhongguancun Science and Technology City and Wuqing Beijing-Tianjin Industrial New City has been accelerated. The National Convention and Exhibition Center project has started construction, and a number of projects such as China Communications Construction Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Headquarters and China University of Nuclear Industry have signed contracts. Take the initiative to serve the construction and development of xiong’an new area, and speed up the implementation of eight aspects of the Tianjin-Hebei cooperation agreement. In the whole year, Beijing-Hebei enterprises invested 123.388 billion yuan in Tianjin, accounting for 46.4% of the actually utilized domestic capital in the city.

　　Breakthroughs in key areas are progressing smoothly.Infrastructure coordination was accelerated, Jinxiong Intercity was included in the national plan, the construction of Jingbin and Jingtang railways was accelerated, the preliminary work of Tianjin-Beijing new airport connection line was accelerated, the Beijing-Qinhuangdao Expressway Hebei-Tianjin connection line was opened, the eastern section of Tianjin-Shijiazhuang Expressway was started, and the first branch line around the Bohai Sea between Tianjin Port and Caofeidian Port was opened. The restrictions on small and minibuses with Beijing licenses in Tianjin are managed in the same city, and the "one card" of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei traffic covers all bus and subway lines. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Tianjin) Comprehensive Reform Experimental Zone for Inspection and Quarantine was put into operation. The total import and export volume of Tianjin Port was 1,384.604 billion yuan, up 9.2%, of which the proportion of goods from Beijing and Hebei reached 30.2%, up 0.4 percentage points over the previous year. Industrial docking cooperation continued to deepen, and projects such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Big Data Collaborative Processing Center and Xiqing Electronic City Data Center were smoothly promoted. The joint prevention, control and treatment of ecological and environmental protection have been continuously strengthened, and the action plan for comprehensive control of air pollution in autumn and winter in 2018-2019 has been introduced, and the coordinated control of regional atmosphere, water and soil has been deepened.

　　X. New Economy

　　The growth of new industries has accelerated.In 2018, among the industries above designated size, the added value of high-tech industries (manufacturing) increased by 4.4%, 2.0 percentage points faster than that of the whole city, accounting for 13.3%; The added value of strategic emerging industries increased by 3.1%, accounting for 21.8%, an increase of 1.0 percentage points over the previous year. Among the service industries above designated size, the operating income of strategic emerging service industry, high-tech service industry and science and technology service industry increased by 9.2%, 11.9% and 12.2% respectively, and the profit margins reached 8.5%, 7.3% and 7.5% respectively.

　　The output of new products is growing well.The output of new energy vehicles increased by 4.1 times, service robots and industrial robots increased by 94.3% and 20.0% respectively, and integrated circuit wafers, lithium-ion batteries, electronic components and computer machines increased by 44.1%, 23.7%, 22.8% and 12.4% respectively.

　　New formats are booming."internet plus" promotes the development of online and offline integration. In 2018, the express delivery business volume was 576 million pieces, up by 14.7%. The layout of new retail has been accelerated, and new retail convenience stores such as JD.COM Convenience Store, Tmall Store, Suning Store, Convenience Bee Store, Wheat Store and JD.COM X Unmanned Supermarket have sprung up rapidly. New retail fresh supermarkets such as 7FRESH in JD.COM, G-Super in Greenland and Baoyan Daojia have settled down and opened, and the first JD.COM X Future Restaurant in China has opened its doors in Tianjin Eco-city.

　　XI. Urban Construction and Public Utilities

　　The function of urban carrier has been continuously improved.The construction of subway was accelerated, Metro Lines 5 and 6 were opened to traffic, the east extension line of Line 1 was tested, and Lilou and Shuanglin stations were put into trial operation. The number of subway lines in the city increased to six, with a total mileage of 220 kilometers. The urban traffic network has been continuously improved, 49 urban roads with a total area of 1.9 million square meters have been renovated, and main roads such as Glory Road have been opened to traffic, and 95 new bus lines have been optimized, making our city the first batch of national transit metropolis demonstration cities. In 2001, the number of public transport passengers was 1.505 billion, of which 408 million were rail transit passengers, up by 15.9%. Eight urban parks, such as Beining and Tianjin Bay, were newly built and upgraded, and Shuixi Park, the largest urban park in the city, was opened. Newly built and renovated 375 public toilets. By the end of the year, the city’s highway mileage was 16,257 kilometers, including 1,262 kilometers of expressways.

　　The development of public utilities has achieved practical results.Complete the transformation of the old water-gas heating pipe network for 230 kilometers, implement the energy-saving transformation of existing residential buildings of 2.08 million square meters and the heating metering and energy-saving transformation of existing public buildings of 1.71 million square meters, and start the central heating ahead of schedule for the third consecutive year. The construction of sponge city and underground pipe gallery continued to advance, and the PPP project of sponge city in Jiefang South Road started. The electricity consumption of the whole society is 86.144 billion kWh, of which the domestic electricity consumption of urban and rural residents is 11.162 billion kWh.

　　XII. Education, Science and Technology

　　Education has developed steadily.112 kindergartens were newly built, rebuilt and expanded, and the third round of modernization standard construction of 300 compulsory education schools was completed. Our city became the first batch of pilot cities for comprehensive reform of "three-round education". By the end of the year, there were 56 ordinary colleges and universities, 92 secondary vocational education schools, 536 ordinary middle schools and 879 primary schools in the city. In the whole year, there were 24,800 graduate students, 68,100 students and 17,200 graduates. Ordinary colleges and universities enrolled 152,700 students, 523,300 students and 138,800 graduates. Secondary vocational education schools enrolled 34,500 students, 112,200 students and 37,700 graduates. Ordinary middle schools enrolled 146,100 students, 440,100 students and 129,400 graduates. There are 127,300 primary school students, 673,200 students and 98,900 graduates. There are 2,223 kindergartens with 262,900 children.

　　The innovation-driven strategy was implemented in depth.Successfully held the second World Intelligence Conference. Comprehensive innovation and reform will be deepened, national independent innovation demonstration zones will be built with high standards, a number of advanced manufacturing industry technology research institutes will be accelerated, and the construction of high-end think tanks such as China Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Institute and China New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy Research Institute will be promoted. Eight scientific and technological achievements in the city won the national science and technology awards, including one international cooperation award, one natural invention award and six scientific and technological progress awards. There are 2,331 municipal scientific and technological achievements registered, of which 94 belong to the international leading level and 262 reach the international advanced level. The prototype of "Tianhe-3" was successfully developed, and the 12-inch semiconductor silicon single crystal broke the international monopoly, and the diving depth of the underwater glider reached a new high. There are 5038 national high-tech enterprises, 55 leading enterprises in science and technology, and 279 new municipal "killer" and key new products. Start the construction of municipal technology innovation centers, newly put on record 25 municipal innovation spaces, and newly identified 24 municipal engineering technology research centers and 8 municipal science and technology business incubators. 99,000 patent applications were accepted throughout the year; There were 54,700 patents authorized, including 5,626 invention patents; At the end of the year, there were 168,900 valid patents, including 32,100 invention patents. At the end of the year, there were 13 national key laboratories, 12 national engineering (technology) research centers and 61 national enterprise technology centers in the city. In 2001, 11,315 technical contracts were signed, with a contract turnover of 72.5 billion yuan, an increase of 10.2%;The technology transaction volume was 55.3 billion yuan, an increase of 11.3%.

　　The pace of talent introduction has obviously accelerated.The action plan of "Haihe Talents" introduced 133,000 talents, including 47,000 skilled and qualified talents, and a group of top leading talents and high-level talents in urgent need gathered in Tianjin. There are 37 academicians in Tianjin, 10 new postdoctoral workstations, 339 postdoctoral mobile stations and workstations at the end of the year, and 394 new postdoctoral fellows.

　　XIII. Health, Culture and Sports

　　The level of public health services continued to improve.The pattern of graded diagnosis and treatment has basically taken shape. All secondary and tertiary hospitals and grass-roots medical and health institutions in the city have participated in the construction of medical associations and set up 10 professional specialist medical associations. The "Tianjin Health Sports Cloud Platform" was launched to dynamically monitor the physical condition of citizens. The contract service of family doctors was further improved, with 43,000 disabled elderly people signing contracts and 225,000 home visits. By the end of the year, there were 5,686 health institutions in the city. There are 566 hospitals and health centers. There are 68,200 beds in health institutions, including 64,600 in hospitals and health centers. There are 104,400 health technicians, including 43,000 licensed (assistant) doctors and 39,400 registered nurses.

　　Cultural undertakings have developed rapidly.Vigorously implement the project of benefiting the people through culture, hold the third citizens’ culture and art festival, and issue more than 20,000 citizens’ lifelong learning cards. A series of cultural activities were launched to celebrate the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, and the TV series "Changed the World" was broadcasted nationwide. There are 100 district-level public libraries, 900 grass-roots service points, 464 exhibitions and 8.99 million visitors. By the end of the year, there were 103 performing arts groups, 17 cultural centers, 65 museums, 29 public libraries and 244 comprehensive cultural stations in towns and villages. There are 101 cinemas in the city, with 684 screens and more than 100,000 seats. In the whole year, the box office revenue of urban movies was 882 million yuan (including service fees), with more than 1.3 million screenings and more than 25 million people watching movies. In 2001, 92 million books, 26.92 million magazines and 321 million newspapers were published.

　　Excellent achievements in sports.In 2018, our athletes won 35 gold medals in domestic high-level competitions and 14 gold medals in international high-level competitions, including 7 gold medals, 6 silver medals and 3 bronze medals in the Asian Games in Jakarta. Tianjin women’s volleyball team won the national league championship for the 11th time. The national fitness program is rich and active, with 50,000 sports Huimin cards issued, and more than 1,200 fitness parks, fitness squares and sports parks built and renovated, and the 14th Tianjin Games was successfully held.

　　XIV. Population, Employment and People’s Life

　　The resident population increased slightly.By the end of 2018, the permanent population of the city was 15.596 million, an increase of 27,300 over the end of last year. Among them, there are 4,990,100 migrants, accounting for 32.0% of the city’s permanent population. Among the permanent residents, the urban population is 12,968,100, and the urbanization rate is 83.15%. The birth rate of permanent residents is 6.67‰, the death rate is 5.42‰, and the natural growth rate is 1.25‰. At the end of the year, the registered population of the city was 10,816,300.

　　The quality of employment has been further improved.We will implement 22 policies to promote college students’ entrepreneurship and employment, properly resettle and resolve employees of enterprises with excess capacity, and ensure that at least one person from zero-employment families and low-income families will achieve employment. The city will create 490,000 new jobs, and the registered urban unemployment rate will be 3.5% at the end of the year. By the end of the year, there were 8,965,600 employed people in the whole society. Among them, the number of migrant workers was 3,597,800, an increase of 16,000; The urban employed population was 7,142,100, an increase of 41,000. There are 600,700 employees in the primary industry, 2,850,200 employees in the secondary industry and 5,514,700 employees in the tertiary industry.

　　Residents’ income and expenditure grew steadily.Implement 17 measures to increase income. The per capita disposable income of residents in the city was 39,506 yuan, an increase of 6.7%. According to the place of permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 42,976 yuan, an increase of 6.7%; The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 23,065 yuan, an increase of 6.0%. The per capita consumption expenditure of residents in the city was 29,903 yuan, up by 7.4%, of which the expenditure on education, culture and entertainment, transportation and communication, and medical care increased by 18.4%, 14.3% and 12.0% respectively.

　　XV. Social Security and Social Assistance

　　The social security system has been continuously improved.Improve the unemployment insurance benefits standard, the basic pension subsidy standard for urban and rural residents, and the living allowance standard for the elderly in urban and rural areas, promote the expansion of medical insurance, and substantially increase the reimbursement limit for outpatient and emergency services of basic medical insurance. By the end of the year, the number of people participating in basic medical insurance in the city was 11,167,200, an increase of 282,700 over the end of last year; The number of people participating in basic old-age insurance was 8,443,100, an increase of 324,900; The number of people participating in industrial injury insurance for urban workers was 3,985,200, an increase of 31,900; 3,234,400 people participated in unemployment insurance for urban workers, an increase of 121,400; The number of people participating in maternity insurance for urban workers was 3,304,200, an increase of 334,700. 20,000 sets of affordable housing were built, 570,000 square meters of shantytown renovation was completed, and 1,300 blocks and 40 million square meters of old residential areas and distant housing were upgraded, benefiting 650,000 families. There are 5,000 dilapidated houses in rural areas, and a total of 30,000 poor peasant families live in peace and warmth.

　　The level of social assistance services continued to improve.We will improve the standards of urban and rural subsistence allowances, assistance to low-income families, special hardship support, and pensions for special care recipients, and build 30 day care centers for the elderly, covering more than 95% of old-age care institutions with the combination of medical care and nursing. By the end of the year, there were 1,301 day care service centers (stations) for the elderly in the city with 10,000 beds; There are 142,500 low-income residents in the city, 12 rescue stations and 7,656 rescue services. Social service organizations providing accommodation have 53,300 beds, and various service organizations adopted 31,800 people at the end of the year. In the whole year, 299,600 people participated in the basic medical insurance, 726,600 people received direct medical assistance, and the medical assistance fund expenditure was 646 million yuan. Subsidies for water, electricity and gas were distributed to 62,000 eligible disabled people.

　　Sixteen, poverty alleviation and ecological environmental protection

　　Accurate poverty alleviation has been further promoted.Strengthen the city’s difficult villages to help each other, arrange 1,000 difficult villages to develop economic support funds of 1.12 billion yuan, and distribute rental subsidies to 148,000 low-and middle-income families with housing difficulties. We formulated and implemented a three-year action plan to promote poverty alleviation cooperation and counterpart support between the east and the west in our city, arranged a budget of 2.57 billion yuan for counterpart support to provinces and cities in full, solidly promoted counterpart assistance to 82 counties (cities, districts), implemented 842 assistance projects, selected more than 1,100 cadres and talents, helped 20,000 poor people to achieve employment and income increase, and helped 10 poor counties to take the lead in getting rid of poverty.

　　Pollution prevention and control has achieved remarkable results.The first batch of red lines for ecological protection in China was delineated, and a red line was realized to control the ecological space. Actively implement environmental protection work such as coal to electricity and coal to gas, with a total investment of more than 30 billion yuan, involving 1.213 million households. Between the central city and Binhai New Area, 736 square kilometers of "double cities with green" ecological barrier is planned to be built, and 7,400 mu of greening task in the starting area is completed. The city added 380,000 mu of afforestation and 15 million square meters of newly-built green space. In-depth implementation of the "1+4" plan for wetland nature reserves will comprehensively upgrade and protect 875 square kilometers of wetlands such as Qilihai, Beidagang, Tuanbo and Dahuangbao. The air quality has obviously improved. The average annual concentration of PM2.5 in the city is 52 μ g/m3, down by 16.1% compared with the previous year, and the number of days of heavy pollution has decreased by 13 days compared with the previous year, the best level since monitoring in 2013. The proportion of surface water inferior to Grade V decreased by 15 percentage points over the previous year.

Note: 1. All data in this bulletin are preliminary statistics.

　　2. The absolute figures of the city’s GDP and the added value of various industries are calculated at current prices, and the growth rate is calculated at constant prices. According to the results of the third national agricultural census, the historical data of the city’s GDP and the proportion of added value of the three industries were revised.

　　3. Industrial enterprises above designated size refer to all corporate industrial enterprises with annual main business income of 20 million yuan or more.

　　4. Service enterprises above designated size refer to transportation, warehousing and postal services, information transmission, software and information technology services, real estate (excluding real estate development and operation), leasing and business services, scientific research and technical services, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, education, health and social work legal entities with annual business income of 10 million yuan or more; Residents’ service, repair and other service industries, cultural, sports and entertainment legal entities with annual business income of 5 million yuan or more, or employees of 50 or more at the end of the year.

　　5. Wholesale enterprises above designated size refer to wholesale enterprises with annual main business income of 20 million yuan or more; Retail enterprises above designated size refer to retail enterprises with annual main business income of 5 million yuan or more; Accommodation and catering enterprises above designated size refer to accommodation and catering enterprises with annual main business income of 2 million yuan or more.

　　6. According to the results of the third national agricultural census and relevant regulations, the base of total retail sales of social consumer goods in 2017 will be revised, and the growth rate in 2018 will be calculated according to comparable caliber.

　　7. The statistical scope of fixed assets investment (excluding farmers) covers the investment in fixed assets projects and all real estate development projects with a planned total investment of 5 million yuan or more.

　　8. The total telecom business is calculated at 2015 prices.

　　9. The total business volume of the postal industry is calculated at 2010 prices.

　　Source:

　　The financial data in this bulletin comes from Tianjin Finance Bureau; The registration data of market entities comes from Tianjin Municipal Market Supervision and Management Committee; Transportation data comes from Tianjin Transportation Committee; Motor vehicle data comes from Tianjin Public Security Traffic Management Bureau; Postal data comes from Tianjin Postal Administration; Telecom data comes from Tianjin Communications Administration; Culture and tourism data come from Tianjin Culture and Tourism Bureau; Data of deposits and loans come from Tianjin Branch of China People’s Bank; The data of listed companies come from Tianjin Financial Work Bureau; Securities and futures data come from Tianjin Supervision Bureau of China Securities Regulatory Commission; Insurance data comes from Tianjin Supervision Bureau of Bank of China Insurance Regulatory Commission; Data on the utilization of foreign capital, overseas investment, foreign contracted projects and foreign labor cooperation come from Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Commerce. Import and export data from Tianjin Customs; Using domestic data from Tianjin Municipal People’s Government Cooperation and Exchange Office; Electricity consumption data comes from Tianjin Electric Power Company; Education data comes from Tianjin Education Commission; Scientific and technological innovation data comes from Tianjin Science and Technology Bureau; Patent data comes from Tianjin Intellectual Property Office; The data of talents, new employment and social security come from Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. Medical insurance data comes from Tianjin Medical Security Bureau; Medical and health data come from Tianjin Health and Wellness Committee; Sports data comes from Tianjin Sports Bureau; The data of registered population comes from Tianjin Public Security Bureau; The data of social assistance service comes from Tianjin Civil Affairs Bureau; Environmental protection data comes from Tianjin Ecological Environment Bureau; Other data come from Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Statistics and Tianjin Investigation Corps of National Bureau of Statistics.

　　

　　China Weather Network News Cold wave weather strikes again! Yesterday (December 12th) night, a new round of cold wave weather process was launched. This cold wave is coming. It is expected that it will bring rain, snow and cooling to most parts of China until the 17th, and the temperature will generally drop by 8~12℃, with the local drop exceeding 14℃. Heavy snowfall in North China, Huanghuai and other places will also appear again, and the snowfall area will overlap with the previous round. Some areas may have extreme snowfall, so the public should pay attention to prevent rain, snow and freezing disasters.

　　Huanghuai, North China needs to prevent the superposition of heavy snowfall, which has extreme snowfall in parts of northeast China.

　　In the past two days, China’s central and eastern regions suffered a large-scale rain and snow weather process. Moderate to heavy snow generally appeared in North China, Huanghuai and other places, and even reached the magnitude of blizzard and heavy blizzard in some areas. The depth of newly added snow in some areas exceeded 10 cm, and the daily precipitation of 128 national meteorological observatories in Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia exceeded the extreme value of observation history in December. Yesterday, the rain and snow in the above areas weakened, temporarily ushered in an "intermittent period."

　　From today to the 15th, with a new round of cold wave weather, the central and eastern regions will face another round of rain and snow weather, and the impact of this process will be wider and the duration will be longer. There will be a high degree of overlap in heavy snowfall areas in North China, Huanghuai and other places, and the snowfall in parts of Northeast China and North China may be extreme.

　　Specifically, today, there are small to medium snow or sleet in parts of central and eastern Xinjiang, most of Inner Mongolia, southern and eastern Northwest China, North China, south-central Northeast China, northern Huanghuai, eastern Tibet, and north-central Sichuan Plateau. Among them, there are heavy blizzards in parts of central Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, southern Hebei, southern Beijing, northern Henan and western China, among which there are heavy blizzards in parts of central Shaanxi (20 ~) There are small to moderate rains in parts of southeastern Tibet, southern and western Southwest China, south-central Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan, northern Jiangnan, eastern Hainan Island and eastern Taiwan Province Island, among which there are heavy rains (25-35 mm) in southwestern and central Yunnan and southeastern Tibet.

　　Tomorrow, there will be small to medium snow or sleet in parts of central and western Inner Mongolia, central and southern Northeast China, central and eastern Northwest China, North China, eastern Huanghuai and western China. Among them, there will be heavy snowstorms in parts of southeastern Shaanxi, northwestern Hubei, central and western Henan, southwestern Shanxi, southern Hebei, most of Shandong, eastern Liaoning and eastern Jilin, among which there will be heavy snowstorms in parts of southeastern Shaanxi, northern Henan and northwestern Shandong. There are heavy rains in parts of central and northern Anhui, central and northern Jiangsu, northern and southern Hubei, northern Hunan and northeastern Chongqing.

　　The day after tomorrow, there will be small to medium snow or sleet in parts of eastern Inner Mongolia, south-central Northeast China, southwestern Shaanxi, south-central North China, Huanghuai, western Jianghuai and eastern Hubei. Among them, there will be sleet in parts of southern Anhui and local snowstorms (10-15 mm) in eastern Jilin. There are moderate to heavy rains in parts of eastern and western Jianghuai, northern Jiangnan, central Jiangxi and eastern Jiangnan, among which there are heavy rains in parts of southern Anhui.

　　It is understood that the interval between the rain and snow weather in the central and eastern regions is shorter than that on December 10th, especially in North China, Huanghuai area, after the heavy snowfall on December 10th, there will be heavy snowfall again on the 13th to 14th, with a wider impact range and longer duration, and the heavy snowfall areas are highly overlapped. The daily snowfall in central Inner Mongolia, southern North China, eastern Jilin and eastern Liaoning is still extreme.

　　In parts of North China, Huanghuai and the south-central part of Northeast China, there is a high risk of snowstorm, low-temperature rain and snow freezing. Rain and snow weather will reduce visibility and cause snow and ice on the road, which may easily lead to traffic congestion or accidents. Snow in Jilin, Liaoning, southwestern Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, central and southern Hebei, northern Henan and central and northern Shandong may lead to the collapse of local simple buildings, greenhouses and livestock pens; Local freezing rain in central Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, central and northern Henan, Guizhou, southern Hunan and other places may cause short circuits or disconnection of power and communication facilities. The public should pay close attention to the early warning and forecasting information, and be alert to the adverse effects of snow and road icing that may be caused by rainy and snowy weather on traffic and travel, and pay attention to safety when going out.

　　Thick clothes warning! The cold wave will appear strongly, and the temperature in many places in the central and eastern regions will be significantly lower.

　　In terms of temperature, since last night, a new round of cold wave weather process has been launched strongly. This round of cold wave weather process will last until around 17th, which will bring drastic cooling to most parts of China. The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that from 13th to 16th, northerly winds of magnitude 4 ~ 6 will appear in most parts of China, and the temperature will drop by 8 ~ 12℃, and the temperature will drop by more than 14℃ in parts of northwest China, central and western Inner Mongolia, western North China, Jiangnan, northern South China and Guizhou. There are 9 ~ 10 winds and 12 ~ 13 gusts in Shankou area of Xinjiang, and 6 ~ 8 winds and 9 ~ 10 gusts in the eastern and southern sea areas. On the morning of 17th, the lowest temperature line of 0℃ can be pressed south to southern Guizhou and northern Jiangnan, and the line of -10℃ is located from northern Huanghuai to Qinling. The lowest temperature in some areas of North China, northern Huanghuai and other places will approach or fall below the historical extreme value in the same period. The temperature in the north and south of China will hit a new low in a large area, and the temperature will generally enter a state of being significantly lower than that in the same period of last year.

　　Since the last cold wave, the temperature in most parts of the north has been continuously low, and the state of low temperature and cold will continue in the coming week. Among them, the highest temperature in many places including Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Jinan and other big cities will fall below freezing point, and the lowest temperature will drop below -10℃ one after another. The previous cold wave process has caused the maximum temperature to have experienced a significant drop, and after this cold wave, the maximum temperature will drop to another level; The decline of the minimum temperature will be more obvious, generally from normal or high level to obviously low level, especially in the southern part of Northeast China, North China, Huanghuai and other places, the low range will reach more than 10℃, such as Taiyuan, and the minimum temperature on the morning of the 17th may be only -19℃, mainly due to a cold weather.

　　For the south, before the arrival of the cold wave, many places will experience a significant warming up today and tomorrow, especially in Jianghuai, Jiangnan and eastern Guizhou, where the cumulative warming range of the highest temperature is generally above 10℃, and in some areas it exceeds 15℃, and the highest temperature rises to around 25℃, which is more than 10℃ higher than normal. However, with the main cold wave heading south in the later period, all parts of the south will also experience a "big dip" in temperature. The cumulative drop of the highest temperature from Guizhou and Guangxi to Jiangnan and southern Jianghuai can reach 20℃ or above, and the highest temperature in many places will drop to about 5℃, and even approach 0℃ locally, which is obviously lower than the same period of normal years. For example, in Nanjing, the highest temperature will reach 20℃ tomorrow, and then it will drop to 1℃ on the 16th. In just a few days, the temperature will plummet, just like bungee jumping.

　　A new round of cold wave is coming, and the meteorological department reminds the public to pay close attention to the weather changes and prepare the thickest clothes to deal with the low temperature rain and snow.

With the progress of science and technology, the application cases of science and technology are increasing, and the scientization of education is one of them. In recent years, China has also ushered in a period of vigorous development of online education, which has made up for the disadvantages and shortcomings of traditional education. However, it is worth noting that online education and traditional education have their own advantages and disadvantages, so how to integrate the advantages of online and offline education and form a new educational ecology is the direction that all educational institutions need to work hard at present.

Online education is developing by spurt, which is the general trend.

With the development of educational informatization, public schools and educational enterprises are gradually involved in the field of network informatization education, and have ushered in a blowout development, which is unstoppable. I have to admit that online education has filled people’s growing learning needs in the current social life, and also brought convenience, broadness of knowledge resources, sharing of educational resources and scientificity of learning methods to the public. It is a great source for people to continuously improve their knowledge and cultural literacy, and online education should be respected!

The disadvantages of offline traditional education are exposed, but it is irreplaceable.

Take K12 primary and secondary education as an example, most of them are inseparable from the following modes: large class, one-to-one class and small class. Large class is the most frequently used teaching mode in China, but because of the large number of students, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is limited and students’ learning effect is poor. 1-to-1 can implement personalized teaching, but the cost invested by parents and the profit gained by enterprises are not optimistic; Small class is a kind of class-opening mode to weigh the relationship between the two. Judging from K12 primary and secondary education, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude will indeed become a difficult problem.

In addition, due to the geographical limitations of traditional education and the uneven distribution of educational resources, some students can’t get a good education, so their disadvantages are exposed.

Although there are disadvantages in offline traditional education, there is one thing that online education cannot replace-the interaction between teachers and students. Although there is also interaction in online education, because of its virtuality, teachers can’t really perceive students’ learning status and psychological situation, and some subjects that need practical classes can’t get on-site guidance.

Learning with help: combining online and offline to realize the optimization of educational effect

"The treatment in the medical field pays attention to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, treating the symptoms and curing the root cause! Online and offline education systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. Why not combine online and offline teaching? " Mr. Qi Zishuai, the founder of the brand "Learning to Help" in primary and secondary schools, put forward his own views on the current educational situation.

It is understood that at present, most educational institutions in China adopt online or offline single-mode teaching methods, while learning with help adopts the way of "online auxiliary offline teaching", which is eclectic. Through the intelligent teaching system and franchise operation mode, the sharing of educational resources in the industry, the scientific teaching methods and the optimization of educational effects have been realized.

In this process, "learning with help" helps affiliated educational institutions to reduce the teaching burden and improve the teaching effect, and at the same time helps students to obtain more and better educational resources and realize the dream of colleges and universities. Considering from this dimension, this is in line with the goal of educational equity and comprehensive education reform advocated by our country, and undoubtedly opens up a new era of teaching effect optimization.

I believe that under this online and offline education mode, China’s educational ecology will continue to improve.

Appearance: 19 GLE43 new cars are designed with a single bar grille, with a huge three-pronged star emblem embedded in the center, and the headlights are also sharp. The shiny chrome decoration highlights the shape of the body, and the side is the essence of the GLE43. The deliberately depressed rear window cleverly creates the taste of the coupe on the premise of ensuring the interior space.

Interior: GLE43 plus version A makes the whole interior atmosphere more luxurious, and the relatively simple function button design makes the operation easier. Meticulous workmanship, coupled with solid wood interior foil, a sense of luxury arises spontaneously. No one will question its new sports gene car. The 19 GLE43 A Coupe are softer in design, with huge vents on the front with obvious A-style, and the large-size and disc all reveal a strong sporty atmosphere. The shiny chrome decoration highlights the shape of the body, from the front anti-slip board to the design around the large side window. The design of GLE sports fully integrates the characteristics of the family and it looks more harmonious. From the front of the car, this car has a high similarity with its brother M-class (the new model will be renamed GLE); The use of the black mesh air intake grille gives it a strong sense of movement. All-headlight with lens belongs to the standard configuration of GLE sports, and it also integrates the function of adaptive high beam.

　　The appearance of GLE43 A Coupe adopts the latest family planning, which is simple, atmospheric and fashionable in general. If you only look at the front of the car, it’s hard to imagine that this is a crossover with Coupe shape. From the back, the smooth streamlined roof makes the GLE Coupe coupe look full. In terms of data, the length, width and height of GLE Coupe are 4891*2129*1719mm and 2915mm, respectively, which is close to the extreme.

　The 2019 GLE43A Coupe version is matched with a V6 double actuator, with a maximum output of 367Ps(270kW) and a peak torque of 520 N m.. With the 9-speed active and 4Mactic four-wheel drive system, the 100-kilometer acceleration time of the 2019 GLE43 plus version is 5.6 seconds and 250 km/h. Although there is no thrilling dynamic performance like GLE 63, GLE43 CoupeA does not disappoint us. Now, you can get a GLE43 Coupe A with excellent comprehensive indication at about half the price of A version. Although it is not completely different from the popular version, it is enough to show its own strangeness.

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Xinhua News Agency, Brussels, April 9-The full text of the joint statement of the 21st China-EU leaders’ meeting is as follows:

Joint Statement of the 21st China-EU Leaders’ Meeting
(Brussels, Belgium, April 9, 2019)

preface

1. People’s Republic of China (PRC) Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China held the 21st China-EU Leaders’ Meeting with European Council President donald tusk and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker in Brussels on April 9th, and issued the following statement.

2. China and the EU reaffirm the vitality of China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership, and are willing to make joint efforts to achieve peace, prosperity and sustainable development, and promise to support multilateralism and respect international law and basic norms of international relations with the United Nations at the core. The two sides pledged to uphold the Charter of the United Nations, international law and the three pillars of the United Nations, namely, peace and security, development and human rights.

The European side reiterated its adherence to the one-China policy.

bilateral relations/ties

3. The leaders of the two sides reaffirmed their commitment to deepening the four partnerships of China-EU peace, growth, reform and civilization through the full implementation of the China-EU Cooperation 2020 Strategic Plan on the basis of the principles of mutual respect, mutual trust, equality and mutual benefit. China and the EU are committed to strengthening cooperation, especially within the framework of the existing bilateral dialogue. China and Europe welcome the new round of China-EU high-level strategic dialogue held not long ago. In order to further expand and deepen exchanges and cooperation after 2020, China and the EU will formulate a new cooperation agenda before the next China-EU leaders’ meeting.

4. China and EU are committed to building their economic and trade relations on the basis of openness, non-discrimination, fair competition, transparency and mutual benefit. The two sides promised to make decisive progress in the negotiations in 2019, especially in terms of investment liberalization commitments, so as to reach a high-level China-EU Comprehensive Agreement on Investment in 2020. The high level of the agreement will be reflected in the substantial improvement of market access, the elimination of discriminatory requirements and practices affecting foreign investors, the establishment of a balanced investment protection framework and the inclusion of provisions on investment and sustainable development. The two sides agreed to establish a high-level communication mechanism to continuously supervise the negotiations and report the progress to the leaders before the end of this year.

5. China and the EU are committed to ensuring equal and mutually beneficial cooperation in bilateral trade and investment. The two sides reaffirmed their willingness to strengthen bilateral economic cooperation, trade and investment, and to give each other broader, more convenient and non-discriminatory market access. To this end, the two sides will increase their efforts to find mutually agreed solutions for some key barriers identified by both sides, and make an inventory at the next China-EU leaders’ meeting. In this context, the two sides will hold meetings as soon as possible and speed up their work to achieve concrete results through existing channels. The two sides reiterated the importance of adhering to international scientific standards.

The two sides agreed to promote bilateral trade in agricultural products and food, while respecting international standards on sanitary and phytosanitary matters, especially the principle of zoning. The two sides agreed to explore the application of OIE zoning principles to trade based on OIE analysis. The two sides are committed to expanding market access for mutually supplied agricultural products and food in a transparent and predictable manner. The two sides will seek the guidance of international standard-setting institutions on the official certification of low-risk foods.

6. The EU supports China’s progress in accelerating its accession to the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement, and China is willing to improve its bid in an ambitious way. China will actively promote relevant work as soon as possible.

The two sides stressed the importance of following international standards in intellectual property protection and law enforcement. The two sides will continue to work hard to achieve substantive results in mutually agreed priority areas such as malicious registration of intellectual property rights, intellectual property law enforcement and trade secrets. The two sides are committed to creating a legal environment in which creators, inventors and artists can license their rights according to market terms and effectively enforce these rights in courts and related institutions.

The two sides noted the recent progress in the negotiation of the agreement on geographical indications, and welcomed the initial agreement on the text and the protection of most geographical indication names of both sides. The two sides promised that in order to formally conclude the negotiations before the end of 2019, they will continue to cooperate in the coming months to solve the remaining problems, especially those related to the remaining geographical indications.

China and the European Union look forward to launching the joint feasibility study on deepening cooperation in the field of wine and spirits at an early date.

7. The two sides welcomed the signing of the Framework Agreement on China-EU Competition Policy Dialogue and the Memorandum of Understanding on Establishing a Dialogue Mechanism in the Field of Fair Competition Review System and State Aid Control System, and will continue to strengthen pragmatic cooperation to create a level playing field for operators in all countries, including Chinese and European enterprises, and promote the healthy development of bilateral and global economic and trade relations.

8. China and the EU are making active efforts to sign the China-EU Agreement on Civil Aviation Safety and the China-EU Agreement on Certain Aspects of Flight as soon as possible. The two sides welcomed the holding of the 8th China-EU Energy Dialogue and the signing of the Joint Statement on the Implementation of China-EU Energy Cooperation, and supported the launch and implementation of the newly established China-EU Energy Cooperation Platform. The two sides pledged to actively promote the dialogue between China and Europe in the field of personnel exchanges and immigration, and complete parallel negotiations on visa facilitation agreements and cooperation agreements on combating illegal immigration as soon as possible.

9. China and the EU reaffirmed their commitment to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The two sides will strengthen exchanges on international development cooperation, explore cooperation with other partner countries and work together to promote the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

10. China and the EU reaffirm that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated. The two sides welcomed the regular China-EU human rights dialogue held on April 1-2, 2019, and agreed to conduct human rights exchanges at the bilateral and international levels on the basis of equality and mutual respect, including under the UN human rights mechanism. The two sides will explore ways to strengthen cooperation in the United Nations framework and other fields in the future.

11. The China-Europe Network Working Group aims to maintain an open, secure, stable, accessible and peaceful information and communication technology environment. Both sides welcome the ongoing discussions in the Working Group and agree to continue to strengthen exchanges and cooperation. The two sides recalled that international law, especially the Charter of the United Nations, is applicable to and crucial to maintaining peace and stability in cyberspace. The two sides worked hard to promote the formulation and implementation of internationally accepted national codes of conduct for responsible cyberspace within the framework of the United Nations. The two sides will strengthen cooperation in combating malicious activities in cyberspace under the China-Europe Network Working Group, including cooperation in intellectual property protection.

5G will provide basic support for future economic and social development. The two sides welcomed the progress and further exchanges in the dialogue and cooperation mechanism based on the 2015 China-EU 5G Joint Statement, including technical cooperation between industries.

12. Both sides welcomed the successful holding of the Fourth China-EU Dialogue on Innovation and Cooperation. The two sides confirmed their willingness to extend the China-EU Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement.

The two sides are committed to strengthening exchanges and cooperation in the fields of education, tourism, researchers’ exchanges, culture, media, youth and sports through the China-EU high-level foreign language exchange and dialogue mechanism. The two sides look forward to the fifth meeting of the China-EU High-level Foreign Language Exchange and Dialogue Mechanism to be held in Brussels. The two sides welcomed the positive results of the China-Europe Tourism Year in 2018 and promised to continue to strengthen cooperation in the tourism industry and personnel exchanges.

Global challenges and governance

13. China and the EU recognize the responsibility to play an exemplary role in supporting an open, balanced and inclusive global economic policy, which will benefit all parties and promote trade and investment. The two sides firmly support the multilateral trading system based on rules and centered on the World Trade Organization, oppose unilateralism and protectionism, and are committed to abiding by WTO rules.

The two sides reaffirmed their joint commitment to WTO reform and cooperation to ensure its relevance and meet global trade challenges. To this end, the two sides will step up discussions aimed at strengthening international rules on industrial subsidies on the basis of the existing work of the China-EU Joint Working Group on WTO Reform. The two sides will also continue to exchange views on other authorized WTO issues.

The two sides welcomed the work done so far by the China-EU Joint Working Group on WTO Reform, and agreed to continue efforts to resolve the crisis of the WTO Appellate Body and build consensus in other areas.

Both parties agree not to transfer technology by force.

The two sides support the work of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law on the reform of the investment dispute settlement mechanism and will cooperate in this process.

14. The two sides reaffirmed their support for the G20 to continue to play an active role as the main forum for international economic and financial cooperation, and agreed to implement G20 commitments and support strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. The two sides agreed to promote the G20 to make greater contributions to maintaining multilateralism, improving global economic governance and promoting global economic growth in the spirit of partnership and consensus. The two sides called on all G20 members to strengthen communication and cooperation and maintain a free, open and non-discriminatory global trade market. The two sides are willing to jointly promote the Osaka Summit to achieve positive results.

Both sides agreed that steel overcapacity is a global challenge and needs to be addressed together. The two sides agreed to maintain communication at the global forum on steel overcapacity and look forward to forming a substantive report before June 2019.

The two sides will continue to promote the reform of the international monetary and financial system and complete the fifteenth round of the IMF’s general quota inspection at the latest in 2019.

15. Both sides agreed to intensify efforts to formulate a new set of guidelines for officially supported export credit within the International Working Group on Export Credit.

16. The two sides emphasized their firm commitment to implement the Paris Agreement and the Montreal Protocol, and further strengthened cooperation on the basis of the 2018 China-EU Leaders’ Joint Statement on Climate Change and Clean Energy, in view of the urgency of taking domestic and international actions to effectively address the global threat of climate change. The two sides recalled that carbon price and fossil fuel subsidy reform are key steps in this regard. In this context, the two sides will strengthen green financial cooperation to guide private capital to flow to a more environmentally sustainable economy. The two sides will work together to promote the success of the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit and the United Nations Climate Action Summit in September 2019.

The two sides stressed the importance of demonstrating determination on clean energy transformation and playing a more leading role in the global environmental agenda. The two sides will actively implement the Memorandum of Understanding on Circular Economy Cooperation and promote pragmatic industrial cooperation between the two sides.

The two sides recognize the importance of cooperation in dealing with global environmental challenges, including pollution and marine debris. The two sides will deepen cooperation on issues such as preventing biodiversity loss, implementing and enforcing the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), combating illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife products, sustainable forest management, combating illegal logging and related trade, and desertification and land degradation.

The two sides look forward to holding a successful and landmark Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Kunming in 2020. The two sides work together to promote the adoption of an ambitious and realistic post-2020 global biodiversity framework at the Conference of the Parties to be held in China in 2020.

The two sides also reaffirmed their commitment to the effective implementation of the blue partnership in the marine field, including cooperation in promoting sustainable fisheries development and combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, and maintaining exchanges on the conservation and sustainable utilization of Antarctic marine living resources, including through the establishment of Antarctic marine reserves. The two sides agree with the "sustainable blue economic and financial principles" to promote sustainable investment in the ocean.

The two sides welcomed the first meeting of the China-EU water policy dialogue mechanism.

17. The two sides will cooperate to improve the economic, social, financial, financial and environmental sustainability and compatibility of Eurasian connectivity. The cooperation should be based on the principles of market rules, transparency, open procurement and fair competition, and follow the existing international norms and standards and the laws of the beneficiary countries of the project, taking into account the policies and national conditions of the beneficiary countries.

The two sides will continue to promote the "One Belt, One Road" initiative in China, the European Union’s Euro-Asian Interconnection Strategy and the Pan-European Transport Network, and welcome the signing of the China-EU Joint Research Framework Agreement on Railway-based Sustainable Corridor on the China-EU Interconnection Platform. The two sides will strengthen exchanges under the framework of China-EU interconnection platform.

Foreign and security policy

18. China and the EU reaffirmed their willingness to contribute to international peace and stability by strengthening dialogue and cooperation and in accordance with international law. The two sides support the peaceful settlement of regional disputes and conflicts through dialogue and consultation.

Regarding the Iranian nuclear issue, the two sides believe that the comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear issue is a key link in the global nuclear non-proliferation system and a major diplomatic achievement approved by UN Security Council Resolution 2231. They reaffirm their commitment to the sustained, comprehensive and effective implementation of the agreement and make joint efforts to safeguard Iran’s economic interests. The two sides recalled the importance of the Arak heavy water reactor reconstruction project and the necessity of continuing to work together in this regard. The International Atomic Energy Agency has issued 14 consecutive reports confirming that Iran has fulfilled its nuclear-related commitments, and both sides welcome this.

The two sides support the DPRK-US dialogue to achieve a peaceful solution and the DPRK-ROK reconciliation. The two sides emphasized the importance of full and complete implementation of relevant Security Council resolutions by all parties.

The two sides are committed to working together and closely coordinating the peace process in Afghanistan, which must be comprehensive, inclusive, "Afghan-led, Afghan-owned" and a political process that can bring lasting peace. The two sides agreed to support international and regional efforts for the stability and security of Afghanistan, so as to promote the economic and social development of Afghanistan and strengthen regional economic interconnection before, during and after the peaceful settlement of the Afghan issue.

20. The two sides pay close attention to the evolving situation in Venezuela and are willing to work with other parties to promote a political, peaceful and democratic solution decided by the Venezuelan people.

21. China, the European Union and its member States are parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. They respect the maritime order based on international law and safeguard the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by all countries in accordance with international law. The EU welcomes the consultations between China and ASEAN countries to reach an effective Code of Conduct in the South China Sea (COC). The two sides called on all parties concerned to engage in dialogue, resolve disputes peacefully and avoid acts that might aggravate tensions.

22. The two sides agreed to strengthen peace, security and defense cooperation and high-level exchanges, including maritime security and combating piracy, support Africans to solve African problems in an African way, so as to maintain peace and security in Africa, and support information exchange on crisis management and UN peacekeeping operations.

23. On the Ukrainian issue, China and the EU recalled UN Security Council Resolution 2202 and called for the full implementation of the Minsk Agreement.

24. The two sides also exchanged views on Myanmar.