Public welfare propaganda film on mountain flood disaster prevention： paying attention to mountain flood warning and timely transferring and avoiding risks

Public welfare propaganda film for mountain flood disaster prevention. Video source: Ministry of Water Resources

　　Mountain torrents refer to the skyrocketing floods in mountain streams and gullies. Mountain torrents are sudden, with large concentrated water flow rate and strong scouring destructive power. Sediment and even stones are carried in the water flow, which often causes local floods, which are generally divided into rainstorm flash floods, snowmelt flash floods and glacier flash floods. By improving flood control standards, adjusting human activities and enhancing the awareness of disaster prevention and avoidance of people in mountainous areas, we can achieve the purpose of reducing the frequency of mountain torrents or reducing their harm.

　　Rainfall is the direct factor and the most important factor that induces mountain torrents, and mountain torrents are more likely to occur in rainy seasons. In China, generally speaking, April to October is the flood season every year, which is also the period of concentrated rainfall, and most flash floods occur during this period.

　　Steep topography is the basic factor that leads to mountain torrents. The topography in areas prone to mountain torrents is often high mountains, steep slopes and deep valleys, with large longitudinal gradient of riverbed and convenient flow collection. Complex geological conditions are the internal factors that aggravate mountain torrents. Areas prone to mountain torrents are often characterized by poor geological conditions, severe weathering, loose soil and easy softening and disintegration when encountering water. Under strong surface runoff erosion, mountain torrents and mudslides are easy to form.

　　Deforestation, deforestation, over-cultivation and grazing will increase the probability of mountain torrents. Indiscriminate mining and excavation, illegal sand mining in rivers, medicinal materials and stone mining on mountains have further increased the harm of mountain torrents; Occupy the river channel, or dump a large amount of construction waste soil, slag and all kinds of garbage into the river channel, which will cause serious siltation in the river channel, increase the probability of flash floods and even mudslides.

　　How to prevent mountain torrents? First, pay attention to early warning and stay away from dangerous areas. Develop the habit of paying attention to weather forecast and mountain flood warning in flood season, plan your trip in advance, and avoid dangerous areas such as mountains and rivers by volume, so as to keep abreast of weather changes, make good preparations for family protection and ensure safety. The second is to get out of the danger zone as soon as possible when you are in the mountainous area. Pay attention to the mountain and water potential, pay attention to the signs of mountain torrents and safely transfer the safe-haven route, and leave the dangerous area as soon as possible. Third, in case of sudden flash floods, it is not hesitant to transfer in time. When you receive an early warning or encounter a flash flood, don’t hesitate to give up your belongings. Immediately follow the warning message or run to the high slopes on both sides of the ditch. Never run along the ditch.

　　How to save yourself when encountering mountain torrents? When mountain torrents come, people who can’t move quickly should move to the nearby highlands, flood shelters and other places, or immediately run to the roofs and high-rise buildings of solid houses for temporary shelter. If you have been surrounded by floods, you should try to get in touch with rescue departments such as fire control and public security as soon as possible, report your position and danger, and actively seek assistance. If the flood continues to rise, it is difficult to protect yourself in the temporary shelter. We should make full use of existing equipment or floating materials such as door panels, wooden beds and large foam to escape. If you have been involved in the flood, you must try your best to catch something fixed or floating and seek opportunities to escape. In addition, when it is found that the high-voltage wire tower is tilted or the telephone pole is broken, it must be quickly avoided to prevent electric shock.