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The Russian central bank suddenly zoomed in.

On September 13th, the Russian central bank announced that it would raise interest rates by 100 basis points and raise the benchmark interest rate to 19.00%. The market forecast is 18.00%. The Russian central bank said that inflation pressure is still relatively high, and it is necessary to further tighten monetary policy, and it is possible to raise key interest rates at the next meeting.

At present, the main reason for Russia’s unexpected interest rate hike is that domestic inflationary pressure continues to increase. In fact, in order to curb inflation, the Russian central bank has repeatedly raised interest rates violently, but the heat of social financing has not diminished. Analysts believe that this situation has greatly stimulated consumer demand and led to a further increase in inflation. Alexei ZaBotequim, deputy governor of the Russian Central Bank, said recently that the sensitivity of the Russian economy to the central bank’s key interest rate has decreased. In this case, it may be necessary to make greater adjustments to the key interest rate.

Russian President Vladimir Putin also pays special attention to reducing inflation. At a recent economic conference, he said that the Russian government and the central bank should pay attention to improving the effectiveness of coordinated actions in reducing inflation and systematically fighting inflation.

Announce a rate hike

On September 13th, the Russian central bank announced that it would raise the interest rate by 100 basis points and raise the benchmark interest rate to 19.00%, and the market forecast was 18.00%.

The Russian central bank said in a press release that inflationary pressure is still relatively high. By the end of 2024, the annual inflation rate may exceed the range of 6.5%-7.0% predicted in July. The growth of domestic demand still far exceeds the possibility of expanding the supply of goods and services. Monetary policy needs to be further tightened to restart deflation, reduce inflation expectations and ensure that inflation will return to the target level in 2025.

The Russian central bank admitted that it is possible to raise key interest rates at the next meeting. The Russian central bank predicts that, considering the current monetary policy, the inflation rate will drop to 4.0%-4.5% in 2025 and will be close to the target level of 4% in the future.

Nabiulina, governor of the Russian central bank, said that it is necessary to restore the inflation rate to the target of 4% next year and prepare to continue to tighten the policy.

The next board meeting of the Russian central bank is scheduled to be held on October 25, 2024, at which the key interest rate level will be considered.

According to the press release issued by the Russian central bank, in August, the current seasonally adjusted price rose at an annualized rate of 7.6%, and the core inflation index was calculated at an annualized rate of 7.7%, both lower than the average level in the second quarter of 2024, but higher than the average level in the first quarter of 2024. The estimated annual inflation rate as of September 9 was 9.0%, compared with 9.1% in August. This means that the inflationary pressure in Russia generally continues to be high and has not yet shown a downward trend.

The Russian central bank said that the labor market is still tense. The unemployment rate hit a record low again. There is still a serious shortage of labor resources, especially in manufacturing. Although wage growth has slowed down in recent months, it remains at a high level and continues to exceed productivity growth.

It is worth noting that the GDP data in the second quarter of 2024 and the operation indicators from July to August show that Russia’s economic growth has slowed down. The Russian central bank said that the main reason for this slowdown may not be the cooling of domestic demand, but the increase in supply-side restrictions and the decline in external demand. The current high inflationary pressure proves this point. The upward deviation between Russian economy and balanced growth trajectory is still very large.

The Russian central bank said that high market interest rates supported savings sentiment, but it has not yet fully curbed lending. Despite the slowdown in the retail sector, overall loan growth remains strong.

The Russian central bank said that in the medium term, the balance of inflation risk has obviously shifted to the risk that is conducive to inflation. The inflation risk related to the deterioration of foreign trade conditions has increased. The risk of persistent high inflation expectations and the deviation of the Russian economy from the balanced growth trajectory still exists.

After the Russian central bank announced a rate hike, the Russian stock market once fell, but then it continued to rebound. As of 21:30 Beijing time, the Russian MOEX index rose by more than 1%.

Why did you suddenly raise interest rates?

At present, the main reason for Russia’s unexpected interest rate hike is that domestic inflationary pressure continues to increase.

In fact, in order to curb inflation, the Russian central bank has repeatedly raised interest rates violently. At the meeting in July, the Russian central bank raised interest rates by 200 basis points.

However, the domestic financing fever in Russia is increasing instead of decreasing. By the end of June this year, the volume of commercial loans had increased by over 20% year-on-year, and unsecured consumer loans had increased by 3.5 trillion rubles.Analysts believe that this situation has greatly stimulated consumer demand and led to a further increase in inflation.

Alexei ZaBotequim, deputy governor of the Russian Central Bank, said recently that the key interest rate is the main and effective tool to affect inflation, but the Russian economy is less sensitive to the key interest rate of the central bank. In this case, it may be necessary to make greater adjustments to the key interest rate.

Recently, Russian President Vladimir Putin held a special economic meeting to discuss the main direction of national economic policy before 2030 and the implementation of national development goals. Putin said that economic indicators show that Russia’s industry, agriculture and service industries are generally improving, and enterprises and labor markets are running smoothly; Russia needs to strengthen the positive trend of the real economy and support enterprises to invest in developing new industries, creating jobs and training talents. On the whole, with the change of internal and external situation, Russia must make greater efforts to adjust its macroeconomic policies to overcome unfavorable factors.

During the economic symposium, Putin also paid special attention to reducing inflation. He said that the Russian government and the central bank should pay attention to improving the effectiveness of coordinated actions in reducing inflation, systematically fighting inflation, and increasing the supply of goods and services to meet domestic demand.

External pressure is also one of the reasons for the high inflation in Russia. According to the data of the General Administration of Customs of the Russian Federation, under the background of sanctions, Russian trade continues to shrink, with emphasis on imports. From January to June, Russia’s imports fell across the board, with imports from the European Union decreasing by 14.1% to US$ 34.9 billion and imports from the United States decreasing by 15.8% to US$ 6.9 billion. In the first half of 2021 before the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, Russia’s imports from the European Union and the United States were $44.8 billion and $8.4 billion respectively.

Some analysts pointed out that Russia is one of the countries with the highest sensitivity to the commodity cycle in the international market. The slowdown of global economic growth is accompanied by weak commodity prices. The reduction of international oil prices may adversely affect the value of the ruble, and lead to a decrease in Russian export income, which will put more pressure on economic activities.

Editor-in-Chief: Qin Hong

Text Editor: Cheng Pei

Author: China, a broker.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

Photo editor: Cao Liyuan

1905 movie network news　As of November 1,19timeThe box office of the movie that is being shown in the country has beenbreak through700 millionnew high,nearone900Millions of people went into the cinema to watch the movie and gave it high recognition. A few days ago, the film exposed the special feature of "Time-Space Cooperation" directors, further presenting the extraordinary creative process of Guan Hu, Frant Gwo and Lu Yang and co-director Yu-sheng Tian, and also making the best annotation for The Sacrifice’s final excellent presentation with images. In the just-held special screening of "Huai Gan Yong Zheng Teenager" in Peking University and the special screening activities of the Central Party School, the chief producer Liang Jing, the leading stars Zhang Yi and Vision Wei had in-depth exchanges with the audience, shared behind-the-scenes stories from the production perspective, and expressed their sense of responsibility as filmmakers.And a sense of mission.

　

Hard-core directors cooperate in time and space. The Sacrifice sincerely cooperates with efficient production

The Sacrifice, the first film co-directed by three directors, Guan Hu, Frant Gwo and Lu Yang, is being shown in a hot show, and has won 700 million box office. While the daily box office results are leading, the audience’s reputation is still strong. The novel narrative structure of the film surprised the film critics deeply: "The three perspectives have completed the in-depth interpretation of the theme of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea from point to surface, and the transition to the’ bridge’ in the fourth part has completed the extension of hope and spiritual inheritance." Some viewers made no secret of their appreciation of the film’s aesthetics: "The nonlinear narrative structure boldly adopted by the film is a very avant-garde and bold attempt for domestic films, and it also reflects the professionalism and artistic pursuit of the team." For this reason, the film exposed the director’s special feature of "Time and Space Cooperation" to sincerely show the behind-the-scenes production process and thank the fans for their attention and support.

　

For The Sacrifice’s director team, the biggest challenge is naturally the tight production cycle. The director admitted that the filming was a "breakthrough", while co-director Yu-sheng Tian described the film’s production structure as "unique". It is understood that in the initial stage of the script, in the spirit of efficient production thinking, the director formulated an outline to tell the same story from three perspectives. The crew quickly surveyed the scenery, assembled multiple teams, assigned shooting plans, and produced more than 20,000 sets of costumes and a large number of props. With many years of shooting experience, each team efficiently completed the preparatory work for the film in just 20 days. Sharpening the knife does not mistake the woodcutter. At the same time of film preparation, the directors’ teams conducted detailed and professional marching training, blasting test and anti-aircraft gun operation training in an orderly manner, which not only reflected the awareness of safe production everywhere, but also laid a solid foundation for the presentation of real details of the film.

　

Inspiring "Cultural Power" and Guiding The Sacrifice to Pass on the Spirit of the Times

In addition to efficient and adequate preparation for shooting, the collaboration of the three directors is also the core of the excellent presentation of the film. Director Frant Gwo adopted virtual shooting, which greatly improved the accuracy and efficiency of shooting. With the massive communication and interaction with the director, the ground-air engagement part involving ballistic direction and lens conversion can achieve a unified effect. Frant Gwo learned a lot from this emotion: "Director Guan Hu is a director who surprised me, and he is first-class in all aspects of narrative and scheduling." Depending on the production level of the current film industry, the film assembled a special effects team of 2,600 people and finally presented more than 600 special effects shots. At the same time, a large number of real-life shooting in The Sacrifice put forward a great test for the director group. In the natural environment, the skylight weather was out of control, and it also suffered several typhoons and floods. Director Lu Yang remembers this vividly: "The director took on more responsibilities, and he was responsible for filming all the parts of the bridge." Director Yu-sheng Tian also participated decisively, assisting the director to shoot the bridge. Under such extreme conditions, the whole crew played the unity spirit of Qi Xin’s concerted efforts, and created the classic scenes that touched countless audiences today.

　

On October 31st, chief producer Liang Jing, starring Zhang Yi and Vision Wei appeared in Peking University Centennial Lecture Hall and Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China successively, and had in-depth exchanges with the audience, reviewing the crucial process of the film from preparation to completion from their respective fields. In Peking University, one of the highest halls in China’s academic circles, the spirit of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea conveyed by The Sacrifice touched the audience present. Some students shared the experience that their elders won the medal commemorating the 70th anniversary of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, and some retired soldiers choked up and recalled their life in the army, expressing their resonance with the feeling that "comrades are not fighting for fame and fortune, but fighting for mutual preservation" in the film. The film’s creator and student representatives also read the letters from the volunteers’ martyrs together, and sang the theme song "Ode to Heroes" together, expressing their memory and respect for the heroes with the voice of the younger generation. When they came to the Central Party School, the founders also admitted that they were also looking forward to being recognized. As the chief producer, Liang Jing, in the face of various challenges, realized the spirit of struggle of the volunteer soldiers who were not afraid of difficulties. For Zhang Yi, "making a movie is like seeking the truth", and he expects the audience to appreciate it even more after suffering. Wei Chen sincerely said: "The martyrs used their bodies as stakes and their will as bullets to strive for peace today. I hope that this spirit can be passed down through movies. " Under the guidance of the spirit of building the central government into a cultural power in 2035, the founders also expressed their determination to continue to create excellent works full of positive energy and reflecting cultural self-confidence. Looking back at the great spirit of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea,Filmmakers gather in The Sacrifice, which embodies a special sense of responsibility and mission, and also strives to contribute to the development of China film industry.

　　From "one combination" to "two combinations" and "six must be adhered to", and then to "‘ The second combination ’ It is another ideological emancipation, etc., and the series of important expositions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary have provided fundamental follow-up for continuously promoting the party’s theoretical innovation and building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. Standing at a new historical starting point, fully understanding the great ideological emancipation, strategic significance and practical significance of the "second combination", constantly deepening the understanding of the party’s theoretical innovation, cultural construction and the law of the development of Chinese civilization, and taking the "two combinations" as the guide, constantly opening up a new realm of China Marxism and building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation are the historical responsibilities and cultural missions entrusted to philosophical and social scientists in the new era.

　　The key to China’s characteristics lies in "two combinations"

　　When presiding over the sixth collective study in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The important proposition of the modernization of Marxism in China itself determines that we must never abandon the soul pulse of Marxism and the root pulse of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Sticking to this soul and root is the basis and premise of theoretical innovation. Theoretical innovation must talk about new words, but we can’t lose our ancestors. Counting the ancestors is equivalent to cutting off the soul pulse and the root pulse, and eventually we will make subversive mistakes in losing the soul pulse and the root pulse. " The Chinese nation has read a subset of classics and history for thousands of years, and it has nurtured splendid Chinese excellent traditional culture and Chinese civilization in the pattern of agricultural production and the evolution of the Chinese nation’s pluralistic integration. "To know today’s China and Chinese, we must have a deep understanding of China’s cultural blood and accurately grasp the cultural soil that nourishes Chinese." Chinese culture is the spiritual blood and cultural gene of the Chinese nation and constitutes the "root vein" of the Chinese nation. As one of the four major civilizations in the world, Chinese civilization has lasted for thousands of years, and it is the only uninterrupted civilization in the world with outstanding continuity. Chinese civilization is upright and not conservative, respecting the ancient and not retro, and has outstanding innovation; Chinese civilization is an organic whole of the cultural integration of all ethnic groups in China, which has laid a "unified tradition of China culture with Kyushu, Liuhe and the four seas" and has outstanding unity; Compared with western religious culture,Chinese civilization has outstanding inclusiveness; The stability of agricultural production mode and the self-sufficiency of the community have created the outstanding peace of Chinese civilization. It is these five outstanding characteristics that distinguish Chinese civilization from other civilizations in the world, form a unique and distinctive feature in the pedigree of world civilization, and become a unique spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation.

　　We have read Marxism–Leninism for more than one hundred years. Marxism is the foundation of building the party and the country, rejuvenating the party and the country, and constitutes our "soul vein". How to treat and apply Marxism correctly is a fundamental principle problem related to the essence of Marxism. Historical practice has proved that dogmatism and pragmatism are not desirable, which will not only fail to solve the China issue, but will cause incalculable losses to China’s revolution and construction. Only by combining the universal principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and studying the China issue with the methodology of Marxist world outlook can we grasp China’s "special logic as a special object", and then transform the abstract universality into the concreteness of China, so as to truly solve the China issue. This is the inevitable logic of "transforming" China with Marxism. On the other hand, once we have grasped the main contradictions and essential provisions of China society in different periods, we have endowed Marxism with vivid China content and national form, and made it develop into a concrete form of China. This is the inevitable requirement of "transforming" Marxism with China. "The reason why our party has made great achievements in various historical periods of revolution, construction and reform, and has been able to lead the people to accomplish arduous tasks that other political forces in China cannot accomplish lies in mastering Marxist scientific theory and constantly promoting theoretical innovation in light of new realities."Why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can and why Socialism with Chinese characteristics is good is, in the final analysis, a Marxist line, a Marxist line with China’s modernization.

　　Contemporary China is the continuation and development of historical China. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "It is the only way to open up and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics on the profound foundation of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, and to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture. This is our regular understanding in exploring the road to Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest magic weapon for our success. " "Two combinations" is not only a key to understand China in the new era, but also an eye for observing Chinese modernization and new forms of human civilization. The road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics came out under the guidance of Marxism and the history of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years. "Why is our socialism different?"? Why can it be full of vitality? The key lies in the characteristics of China, and the key to the characteristics of China lies in ‘ Two combinations ’ " . Therefore, to grasp the China characteristics and essential requirements of China Road and Chinese modernization practice, it is inseparable from the history of Chinese civilization of more than 5,000 years, the development process of Marxism and its China modernization, and the "two combinations".

　　How is the "second combination" possible

　　Judging from the social and historical conditions, Marxism is the wisdom crystallization of industrial and commercial civilization and outstanding human civilization achievements, while China traditional culture is the result of farming civilization and traditional society, both of which are the products of different times. Geographically, Marxism originated in the west and belongs to foreign culture; Chinese excellent traditional culture belongs to local culture. So, how is the combination of the two possible?

　　First of all, from the perspective of historical genesis, the relationship between Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture is firstly an existential problem. The encounter between the two stems from the crisis of the Chinese nation in modern times. Traditional culture came into being in a specific soil, that is, traditional farming production mode and ethical society based on patriarchal community, which inevitably has certain limitations of the times. After the Opium War, the fate of the Chinese nation took a historic turn, and the once brilliant Chinese culture gradually became dim. Facing domestic troubles and foreign invasion, where the Chinese nation should go is a matter of life and death. Historical practice has proved that traditional culture is not only unable to cope with the huge impact brought by western industrial civilization, but also unable to solve the problem of China’s future outlet. On the contrary, it is in danger of declining and even cutting off with modern China society. It is precisely because traditional culture can’t solve the problem of China’s modern transformation and outlet that Marxism was introduced into China and took root in China. Historical practice has proved that Marxism and China-era Marxism have saved China and the Chinese nation. It is Marxism and China-era Marxism that have changed and developed China, saved the excellent traditional Chinese culture, not only avoided the interruption of Chinese civilization, but also opened the way to build a modern Chinese civilization.

　　Secondly, the "two combinations" is a comprehensive deepening of the development law of Marxism in China. China itself is the whole of political, economic, cultural and other pluralistic structures. The "first combination" includes not only the combination of Marxism with China’s economic, political, social and other specific situations, but also the combination with China’s cultural traditions. Therefore, the "second combination" itself is implied in the "first combination". In different historical periods, China is in different stages of social development, and there are also important differences in the main contradictions and fundamental tasks it faces. Therefore, the "first combination" has always existed as the fundamental principle of the modernization of Marxism in China, while the "second combination" is more the internal composition and concrete expression of the "first combination", so it has not been promoted as a fundamental principle of the modernization of Marxism in China. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, becoming rich and becoming strong, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. "Culture is related to the country and the country." Without strong cultural support, any nation or country can’t become a real giant without a soul. In this context,On the basis of the "first combination", General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly put forward the "second combination" and promoted it as a fundamental principle of the modernization of Marxism in China, which fully reflected the comprehensive deepening of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Supreme Leader as the core’s understanding of the law of the modernization of Marxism in China, as well as a high degree of consciousness and profound grasp of the law of the development of Chinese civilization.

　　Finally, Marxism is highly compatible with Chinese excellent traditional culture. Compared with western European society, the evolution of China society follows its own objective logic. We have not experienced the medieval stage of the western style, nor the Christian world in the western sense, and naturally we cannot breed a civil society in the western sense. The excellent Chinese traditional culture bred on the basis of the Chinese national community and the traditional ethical society is naturally different from the western culture bred on the basis of the Christian world and the civil society. Marxism itself is developed on the basis of fully absorbing the outstanding achievements of human civilization, especially revealing the operating mechanism and development law of capitalist society and criticizing and sublating the disadvantages of capitalist society. Although there are important differences in social conditions, background of the times and ideological sources, they are highly consistent with each other: they are highly consistent in opposing individualism, liberalism and private ownership, and the "world view, world view, social view and moral view" contained in Chinese excellent traditional culture … … It is highly compatible with the scientific socialist values. " Traditional China advocates "the world is public" and pursues the social ideal of a well-off society and a world of great harmony; Marxism should go beyond the stage of civil society and capitalism and promote the development and evolution of human society to a higher social form, namely socialism and communism.Chinese excellent traditional culture advocates that "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light", emphasizing that "the people are the foundation of the country"; Marxism, on the other hand, fully affirms the people’s historical dominant position and emphasizes that the people are the creators of history. Chinese excellent traditional culture advocates "Taoism is natural" and "harmony between man and nature"; Marxism emphasizes that man is the product of nature and pursues the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature. China’s excellent traditional culture advocates transcending narrow nationalism and nationalism, viewing the world from the world, and pursuing harmony and peace. Marxism, on the other hand, stands at the height of world history, emphasizing that the proletariat should "cherish the world", pursue the liberation of all mankind, and devote itself to establishing a consortium of free people. All these fully prove that Marxism is highly compatible with Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　"The second combination" is a "profound chemical reaction"

　　Only when they fit each other can they be organically combined. So, how to combine? Marxism is the "soul vein" and Chinese excellent traditional culture is the "root vein". The combination of the two is neither a mechanical platter of content nor a simple mix of words and categories, nor is it a Confucianism dominated by Chinese excellent traditional culture. On the contrary, it is necessary to realize the chemical reaction of "soul" and "root" on the basis of Chinese modernization practice. "Combination is not a platter, not a simple physical reaction, but a profound chemical reaction."

　　First of all, take the Chinese modernization practice as the axis, and constantly promote the internal integration of the two. As some scholars have pointed out: "What to inherit and discard from China traditional culture and how to transform and develop excellent traditional culture do not depend on the traditional culture itself, but on the practice of contemporary China. Culture is not a solidified sculpture, but flowing living water, but which direction the water flows is inseparable from the practical needs of reality and the social system. " Only based on the practice of Chinese modernization and guided by the "soul vein" of Marxism can we fully activate the outstanding factors full of vitality in Chinese excellent traditional culture, better realize the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and give it a brand-new connotation of the times, so as to make the "root vein" of Chinese excellent traditional culture glow with enduring contemporary vitality. On the other hand, only on the basis of Chinese-style modernization practice can we inject the great spirit and rich wisdom of the Chinese nation into Marxism at a deeper level, truly integrate the essence of Marxist thought with the essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and merge with the common values that the people do not realize every day, so as to continuously endow Marxism with distinctive China characteristics and national forms, and make the "soul pulse" of Marxism deeply rooted in the "root pulse" of Chinese excellent traditional culture.Deeply rooted in the historical and cultural fertile soil of our country and nation, we can ensure that the tree of Marxist truth is deeply rooted.

　　Secondly, the result of the "second combination" is mutual achievement, creating an organic and unified new cultural life. On the one hand, the "second combination" has liberated Chinese excellent traditional culture from the past social foundation and social system, and has continuously become a modern culture that meets the requirements of today’s times and meets the needs of contemporary practice; On the other hand, the "second combination" has constantly endowed Marxism with new China connotation, China characteristics and national forms, making it a contemporary China. More importantly, the combination of the essence of Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture will inevitably lead to a new chemical reaction and fission in the cultural connotation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, which will be cast into a brand-new cultural life, so that the combined new culture will truly become a Chinese-style modern cultural form. For example, the Chinese dream highlights the organic unity of Marxist social ideals and the Millennium dream of the Chinese nation; The people-oriented and people-centered development thought embodies the creative integration of Marxist people’s position and traditional people-oriented thought; The supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought not only realized the inheritance and innovative development of Marxist natural ecological view, but also realized the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional ecological wisdom; The construction of ecological civilization in China is a vivid practice of this combination in contemporary China. Minding the world itself is the traditional world system, harmony between all nations and Marxism "seeking liberation for mankind"Creative combination, and the concept of community of human destiny is the concentrated embodiment of this creative combination, and so on. All these clearly show that if we don’t start from the "second combination", we can’t fully understand the rich connotation and core essence of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, can’t accurately see through the essential attributes of Chinese modernization practice, China characteristics and its development law, and naturally can’t really shoulder the important task of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

　　Finally, the "second combination" will inevitably cast a brand-new form of human civilization. Both "root pulse" and "soul pulse" contain civilization genes different from or surpassing western capitalism, and their combination is bound to create a brand-new cultural life. Create a new form of human civilization different from western capitalism: pacifism transcends the road of external expansion, people-centered sublation of capital-centered, common prosperity transcends polarization, coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization sublates materialism, from tense opposition between man and nature to harmonious coexistence between man and nature, From the old international order of the law of the jungle with the nation-state as the axis to the concept of a community of human destiny based on thinking of the world, from the zero-sum game of hegemonism to the common value of all mankind in win-win cooperation, from formal democracy to people’s democracy in the whole process, from competitive civilization concept to the concept of civilized coexistence of "harmony but difference", and so on. All these have gone far beyond the overall framework of western capitalist civilization, showing a brand-new picture of modernization and human civilization in terms of world outlook, values and methodology, representing the development direction of human civilization progress, and thus will certainly radiate unprecedented charm and brilliant light in the pedigree of world civilization.

　　"The second combination" is another emancipation of the mind.

　　Emancipating the mind means that our ideological understanding conforms to the objective reality, that is, under the guidance of Marxism, we should break through the shackles of backward concepts, habitual forces and subjective prejudices, constantly study new situations and solve new problems. Facing the dogmatism in the early party, Mao Zedong pointed out: "To concretize Marxism in China and make it have the characteristics of China in every performance, that is to say, to apply it according to the characteristics of China has become an urgent problem for the whole party to understand and solve." The proposal of "the China of Marxism" and "the first combination" is itself an ideological emancipation, which has greatly liberated the thoughts of the whole party and the vast number of party member cadres, established the ideological line of seeking truth from facts, and provided scientific guidance for the victory of the China revolution. In 1978, in the face of the "Left" erroneous trend of thought, the whole party and society launched a big discussion on the standard of truth, which formed a rolling tide of ideological emancipation, re-established the Marxist ideological line, and made important ideological guidance and theoretical preparations for opening a new era of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. When the Supreme Leader General Secretary said "‘ The second combination ’ It is another emancipation of the mind, which fully shows the great significance of the "second combination".

　　First of all, as far as the relationship between Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture is concerned, the "second combination" has achieved great ideological emancipation. In a certain period of time, there was an understanding in academic circles and society that Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture were formed in different regions, historical backgrounds, social foundations and ideological sources, so they did not recognize the possibility and reality of their combination and integration, and even there was such an extreme trend that Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture were abstractly opposed: either Marxism was used to deny Chinese excellent traditional culture and move towards historical nihilism and cultural nihilism; Either use China’s traditional culture to deny Marxism and fall into the trap of cultural retro-ism. The "second combination" comprehensively expounds the dialectical relationship between "soul pulse" and "root pulse", expounds the possibility, reality and inevitability of the combination of the two, points out the scientific method, concrete path and modern civilization significance of the combination of the two, and clarifies all kinds of misunderstandings and mistakes in the understanding of the relationship between Marxism and Chinese excellent traditional culture, so it is a major ideological liberation.

　　Secondly, as far as the relationship between traditional civilization and modern civilization is concerned, the "second combination" has promoted the liberation of knowledge. In the past, there was such a metaphysical prejudice that tradition was outdated, backward and stale, and to build modern civilization, we must abandon tradition, and then rigidly oppose tradition and modern civilization. The "second combination" has achieved great liberation in this respect. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Chinese-style modernization is to continue the modernization of ancient civilization, not to eliminate it;" It is a modernization that grows from the land of China, not the modernization of other countries; It is the result of the renewal of civilization, not the product of the fracture of civilization. " Metaphysical thinking excessively strengthens the fracture between tradition and modernity, and ignores the continuity between them. The "second combination" advocates that China should be regarded as a whole with continuous development, and emphasizes understanding the development and evolution from "Zhai Zi China" to "Why China" from the dimensions of grand historical view and continuity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "If we don’t know China from the long-standing historical continuity, we can’t understand ancient China, modern China, and even China in the future." In this way, the relationship between tradition and modernity has been completely clarified, and the cultural foundation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road has been further expanded and built.It reveals the internal relationship between Chinese modernization and Chinese civilization, and expounds the inheritance and development relationship between modern civilization and traditional civilization of the Chinese nation.

　　Finally, as far as traditional wisdom and overall innovation are concerned, the "second combination" further emancipates the mind. Road self-confidence, theoretical self-confidence, institutional self-confidence and cultural self-confidence are an organic whole. In the past, we often focused on some fields or aspects to talk about the innovation and development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, while the "second combination" broke through this partial understanding and expounded the inheritance and development relationship between "four self-confidences" and Chinese excellent traditional culture from the overall height. The "second combination" further strengthened the cultural foundation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road, further consolidated the cultural subjectivity, enabled us to master the ideological and cultural initiative, created the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, and achieved a new leap in the modernization of Marxism in China. The "second combination" further opens up the space for innovation, which not only enables us to better understand the cultural foundation of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, but also "enables us to make full use of the valuable resources of Chinese excellent traditional culture in a broader cultural space and explore future-oriented theoretical and institutional innovations". Therefore, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The people’s congress system and political consultation system initiated by our party are in line with the people-oriented thought of Chinese civilization and the idea of ruling the world together, ‘ Republic ’ 、‘Discuss ’ The tradition of governance, ‘ Compatible and inclusive, seeking common ground while reserving differences ’ Are deeply related to the political wisdom. Instead of federalism and confederation, we have established a unitary state form and implemented a system of regional ethnic autonomy, which is to conform to the general trend of the development of the Chinese nation, which is inward cohesion and pluralism, and to inherit the tradition of China’s cultural unification, which is based on the unity of Kyushu, Liuhe and the world. From the perspective of cultural self-confidence, the "second combination" has pointed out the direction and provided the fundamental follow-up for creating a new culture belonging to our time and building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation. In this regard, the "second combination" shows that our party’s understanding of China’s road, theory and system has reached a new height, that our party’s historical self-confidence and cultural self-confidence have reached a new height, and that our party’s consciousness of promoting cultural innovation in inheriting Chinese excellent traditional culture has reached a new height, so it is a major ideological liberation.

　　(The author is a researcher at Nanjing University Base of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of Jiangsu Province.)

　　Audit: Li Jianjun

　　Editor in charge: Jiang Jingliu

　　Network Editor: Zhang Yunan

　 　 Produced by Chen Guofu, directed by Qing Yang, and co-starred by Chen Kun, Bai Baihe, Qin Hao and Yu Entai, the film is being released nationwide. Today, the film side heavily exposed the theme song "Songs that don’t exist in the world" MV. The theme song was composed by Zhao Yingjun, the music director of the film, and sung by himself. Qing Yang, the director, wrote lyrics emotionally, singing all the regrets that Chen Kun and Bai Baihe had missed their youthful love, and they were eager to talk again after their reunion. In the film, the four little people, facing the unhappiness of life, break through their own desires and interpret another definition of "hero". With the continuous fermentation of word-of-mouth, "Hot Pot Hero" began to be released on April 1, and the number of films in the whole country continued to increase for three consecutive days, with the attendance rate leading all the way, achieving a comprehensive counterattack at the box office on the fourth day of release.

　

Qingming file one-day box office counterattack wins the championship audience tears: I really want to go back to Chongqing.

　 　 During the three-day holiday, Hot Pot Hero achieved a strong counterattack from word-of-mouth domination to coming from behind. With the continuous fermentation of word-of-mouth, "Hot Pot Hero" began to be released on April 1, and the number of films in the whole country continued to increase for three consecutive days, with the attendance rate leading all the way, achieving a comprehensive counterattack at the box office on the fourth day of release. Some insiders said: "In the case that the national general arrangement and the golden field arrangement are not in the first place," Hot Pot Hero "can still bite the bullet all the way, catch up quickly and become the box office champion of the day, indicating that the public’s demand for good movies is gradually strengthening."

　 　 The film is full of Chongqing flavor, which not only has Chongqing landmarks such as Qiansimien Bridge and Jie Fangbei, but also involves a large section of Chongqing dialect. Just as the English name "Chongqing Hot Pot" in the film directly names Chongqing, the urban uniqueness of Chongqing becomes an irreplaceable element. Some film critics described it as: "Only by watching a film in one place and listening to a story in another can the audience get into the play to the greatest extent, so that the progress of the story will be convincing." Many viewers said that they went to eat Chongqing hot pot after watching the movie, and some Chongqing viewers couldn’t help crying when they saw the familiar Chongqing scenery in the film: "I really want to speak Chongqing dialect and go home." Coco, an actress, was deeply impressed by her post-review. She praised the director: "As another Chongqing native wandering in Beijing, she must change. About Chongqing people, you explained it thoroughly. " Director Qing Yang said: "In addition to the original Chongqing style, the brotherly friendship between Liu Bo and Xu Dong and glasses is also a moving part of Chongqing." In the film, three good brothers played by Chen Kun, Qin Hao and Yu Entai are reborn by self-sacrifice without hesitation after they fail to get home, which pushes the film’s burning point to a climax. Some viewers felt after watching it: "Iron brotherhood, boiling touch." Some viewers also said: "There are some brothers and sisters in Secondary Two.See people full of smiles and tears. "

　

Zhao Yingjun, as a music director, tailored Songs that Don’t Exist in the World.

　 　 "Hot Pot Hero" launched the theme song "Songs that don’t exist in the world" MV, composed and sung by Zhao Yingjun. Zhao Yingjun has created many well-known music works for many popular movies, such as a famous theme song, the theme song "Xu Lai in the Breeze" sung by Faye Wong, the theme song "The King asked me to visit the mountains" and the theme song, etc. Interestingly, almost all the films co-produced by the talented Zhao Yingjun are excellent works with a good reputation at the box office, and they are even dubbed as "box office mascots". This time, not only was the theme song tailored for "Hot Pot Hero", but Zhao Yingjun also served as the music director of the film at the kind invitation of director Qing Yang. Director Qing Yang and Zhao Yingjun have a close relationship. As early as 2009, Zhao Yingjun starred in Qing Yang’s debut, and since then they have been close friends and supported each other. It is worth mentioning that the lyrics of the song are written by the director Qing Yang himself, and the emotional balance is quite in place. Qing Yang revealed that the lyrics came to him on the way to Zhao Yingjun’s "urging songs". "Who doesn’t have dreams in his heart and who doesn’t have precious things in his heart?" After determining the direction of the lyrics, Qing Yang couldn’t wait to find a paper note in the car, and finished this song "Songs that don’t exist in the world" with Zhao Yingjun overnight.

　

Chen Kun and Bai Baihe performed "The Missed First Love" and reunited after a long separation.

　 　 The theme song is soothing and sad, and Zhao Yingjun incarnates as a storyteller, telling the buried thoughts and admiration for Xiaohui (Bai Baihe) from the perspective of Liu Bo (Chen Kun). At the beginning of the MV, Bai Baihe’s monologue restored the reason for the birth of this "song that doesn’t exist in the world". In the play, Yu Xiaohui mistakenly recorded the "alliance of lovelorn front" of Liu Bo and others as "alliance of losers" and became an important symbol in their memories of youth. "We have never seen each other again, but I always remember this song that doesn’t exist in the world." It is reported that in the movie, Liu Bo and Yu Xiaohui meet after a long separation, but the relationship between them is no longer a simple and hazy feeling when they were students. Due to a windfall, Yu Xiaohui provided a plan for the three brothers Liu Bo in exchange for a letter from many years ago. In the face of all kinds of temptations and crises, everyone has their own worries and makes everything "have another purpose." Bai Baihe said: "Yu Xiaohui is a girl who lives a depressed life step by step. After meeting Liu Bo, she felt that her life was finally going to change." Chen Kun said: "Liu Bo defined the once-missed relationship as the first love, so when he knew that the letter existed, he would take it so seriously." Liu Bo’s mind is like the song: "Maybe you have forgotten,This invisible fault is getting deeper and deeper in my heart. "

　　　　　　　 Recently, the fire department issued a safety reminder, and the "universal socket" still in use at home was quickly thrown away and replaced with a new national standard socket.

　　　　　　　 "It’s really scary. I just put the plug on it and the socket actually sparks." Speaking of the thrilling scene, Mr. Zhan of Guangzhou has a lingering fear. The socket that sparks is a new universal socket he bought from the Internet recently.

　　　　　　　 It is understood that the three-hole "universal socket" has been widely used in daily life because it is compatible with all kinds of plugs. However, this kind of socket has low safety factor and is easy to cause fire accidents. The country has banned the use since 2010. Now that the ban has been implemented for six years, the reporter’s investigation found that many citizens still use "universal sockets" in their homes and workplaces, and they also have their shadows in the market.

　　　　　　　 Why should this "universal socket" be banned?

　　　　　　　 There are many plugs compatible with the universal socket (such as plugs compatible with British standard, American standard and European standard), so the jack is large. After the metal tabs in the socket are plugged and unplugged by plugs of different shapes and specifications, the reed with poor elasticity is easy to deform or damage, resulting in too small contact area or poor contact between the metal tabs of the socket and the electrical plug, and the resistance is increased, which leads to overheating of the contact tabs and fire accidents. Accordingly, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration Committee issued the "new national standard for sockets", which clearly pointed out that universal sockets that are prone to fire are unqualified products.

　　　　　　　 On June 1, 2010, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration jointly issued the "Plug and socket for household and similar purposes Part 2: Special requirements for converters", which explicitly prohibited the production of this universal hole socket.

　　　　　　　 Enterprises with low prices continue to produce and sell.

　　　　　　　 The price of this kind of patch panel is cheap, generally only 10 yuan’s money, and the expensive one is 40 yuan, which is at least twice as cheap as the new five-hole socket of the same type. Six years later, some enterprises still secretly produce universal sockets, which are still available in the market. Hardware stores, building materials markets, convenience stores and online stores buy sockets, which is the flood of unqualified sockets.

　　　　　　　 The reporter visited several large supermarkets in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, and found that there was no trace of universal sockets on the shelves. The sockets of many brands on sale were all in the new national standard. One of the brands also clearly made the logo of "true national standard socket" on the outer packaging. "The universal socket has long been sold out and eliminated, and the supermarkets are all in line with the latest national standards." The staff said. Similarly, in several building materials markets in urban areas, although the brands of sockets on sale are different, their designs all meet the new national standard.

　　　　　　　 However, in several convenience stores near Jiangsu University, reporters found a variety of banned universal sockets. Its "block head" is relatively large, and the wiring length ranges from 2.5 meters to 9.5 meters, with two price points in 65 yuan and 72 yuan. The store said that the old and new sockets are only designed differently to meet different needs, and the quality is no problem. During the interview, several citizens at the scene said that there is no concept about the old and new standards, so it is convenient and easy to use.

　　　　　　　 There are still many people buying and using it.

　　　　　　　 Due to the continuous production and sales of enterprises and businesses, many consumers do not know that the country has banned "universal sockets" and continue to use them, and many of them have been recruited.

　　　　　　　 In the survey, some netizens reported that they had universal sockets at home. "They were all purchased a few years ago. They were not specially selected at that time and have been used until now." Some netizens also reported that there are many universal sockets in their office, which were purchased by the unit a few years ago, mainly for connecting computers, and they didn’t realize there was a problem.

△ Burned socket

△ Burn out the plug

　　　　　　　 What kind of socket meets the new regulations?

　　　　　　　 The reporter learned that the three-phase jack and the two-phase jack of the new national standard socket are separated, and there are five holes, one for one use. The words "produced according to GB2099.3-2008 standard" are marked on the package. The new standard sockets basically have safety pieces, that is, there are plastic pieces in the holes, which ensure the safety of children and are not easy to get an electric shock.

　　　　　　　 Pay attention to these when choosing and using sockets.

　　　　　　　 ① Choose famous brand products in formal places.

　　　　　　　 ② Lightly pull the power cord to see if it is firm, and repeatedly press the switch to see if it switches freely.

　　　　　　　 (3) weigh. There are many copper wires, thick copper sheets and tight plastic shells in the sockets that meet the national standards, so the weight is heavy, while the unqualified sockets will obviously feel much lighter by cutting corners.

　　　　　　　 4 listen to the sound. You can try to press the socket switch several times, and the qualified socket can be opened and closed freely with clear sound, while the unqualified socket is stiff and easy to get stuck.

　　　　　　　 ⑤ Try to feel. Qualified sockets not only have moderate and elastic plug-in feel for each hole, but also have the same plug-in feel for each jack. The plug-in force for unqualified sockets is too loose or too tight, with poor elasticity and easy loosening, and each hole can obviously feel different feel.

　　　　　　　 ⑥ Look at hardness. The power cord of the qualified socket feels soft and hard, and the connection with the socket is solid and reliable, while the power cord of the unqualified socket feels soft and the connection with the socket is not firm, so it is easy to pull off.

　　　　　　　 ⑦ When in use, it is best not to share a socket with high-power appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners and televisions. (Source: Legal Evening News, Guangzhou Daily, Jiangsu, China Net, etc.)

The Japanese government recently said that it has initially decided to develop domestic air-to-air missiles, which will be equipped on the next-generation fighters jointly developed with Britain and Italy. Japan and Britain decided to jointly develop new air-to-air missiles many years ago. Now why did Japan change its mind and announce independent research and development? The US Air Force has demonstrated the "variant" air-to-air missile under development for the first time. What is the "unique skill" of the so-called "variant" missile? The recent decision of the United States to provide Ukraine with advanced air-to-air missiles has caused an uproar. To what extent can these American-made air-to-air missiles affect the current battlefield situation in Russia and Ukraine?

Data Map: An F-35A launched an AIM-120 air-to-air missile during the exercise (source: reference news).

Japan’s self-developed air-to-air missile

Air-to-air missile is the core equipment to gain air superiority, and its performance has a decisive influence on the outcome of air combat. Japanese media recently reported that the Japanese government has initially decided to develop domestic air-to-air missiles around the next generation of fighters jointly developed with Britain and Italy. Japan planned to jointly develop air-to-air missiles with Britain many years ago. Why should it announce its own development now?

Cao Weidong: In the early days, Japan independently developed a short-range air-to-air missile, but because it was too large to match the stealth fighter, it bought the AIM-120 air-to-air missile from the United States. However, the United States has a high level of technical secrecy and the price of missiles is very expensive, which is not the best choice for Japan. Therefore, Japan and Britain signed an agreement to jointly develop advanced air-to-air missiles. Japan recently announced that it would develop air-to-air missiles by itself, which may be a contradiction in the process of cooperation with Britain. For example, how to share the research and development funds, and who will tackle the key problems in which technologies.

Data Map: The concept map of the next-generation missile "with the front part of the rapidly rotating missile body" announced by the US Air Force (Source: China National Defense News)

The United States "mutated" air-to-air missiles

The US Air Force Research Laboratory demonstrated the "variant" air-to-air missile under development for the first time at the 2023 War Seminar of the Air Force and Space Forces Association. It is said that the warhead of this "variant" air-to-air missile can realize large-angle steering. What effect does this have on actual combat?

Cao Weidong: Air-to-air missiles are usually launched from the back of the opposing plane, and the plane in front will give an alarm to the pilot when it finds a missile coming from behind. As we all know, the speed of the plane is lower than that of the missile, so when the plane turns sharply, the missile may rush past because of its too fast speed. This so-called "mutant" missile of the United States can solve this problem. When the plane turns sharply, the missile can also slow down at the same time, realize a large angle turn, continue to track the target and attack the target.

Data map: Indian Su -30MKI fighter with Russian-made R-77 and R-73 missiles (source: reference news)

Air-to-air missiles are not Russian strengths.

Previously, the development of air-to-air missiles in the Soviet Union has been lagging behind that in the United States. Both the short-range air-to-air missile R-73 and the long-range air-to-air missile R-77 are inferior in comprehensive performance to the American AIM-9 "Rattlesnake" and AIM-120 series, which have been continuously improved. According to your observation, is there any breakthrough in the performance of Russian air-to-air missiles today?

Cao Weidong: Actually, Russia’s air-to-air missiles have never surpassed the United States in performance. The focus of Russian missile research and development is on hypersonic missiles. As far as the competition between planes for air supremacy is concerned, what Russia highlights is not how advanced air-to-air missiles are, but the advanced performance of aircraft. For example, the Su -35 aircraft focuses on improving the radar, which can be found and attacked by the enemy first, and the bomb load is relatively large. If it is an air-to-air missile, at least seven or eight pieces can be mounted, and the aircraft itself has better maneuverability, so Russia makes up for the shortage of air-to-air missiles by improving the performance of the aircraft.

Data Map: AIM-9M Diamondback missile can be launched from the air or the ground (Source: World Wide Web)

On the battlefield between Russia and Ukraine

Air-to-air missiles have limited functions.

It is reported that AIM-9M "Sidewinder" air-to-air missile appeared for the first time in the list of military aid to Ukraine announced by the United States at the end of August. In addition, the United States also said some time ago that it would deliver more than 100 AIM-120 medium-range air-to-air missiles to Ukraine. How much can these American-made air-to-air missiles play in changing the battlefield situation in Russia and Ukraine?

Cao Weidong: The number of manned combat aircraft in Ukraine is relatively small. At present, Russia still holds the air superiority in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The air-to-air missiles provided by the United States to Ukraine are mainly for the F-16 fighters or Gryphon fighters provided by the United States and NATO to Ukraine in the future. Now even if Ukraine is given more advanced missiles, Ukraine can’t give full play to its role. Is there an early warning aircraft to help indicate the target? Are there any other missiles to help maintain the security of airspace? These problems will become the key to the air supremacy. Occasionally mounting such advanced missiles will not play much role in the air supremacy, and its role in the current Russian-Ukrainian battlefield is very limited.

Data Map: US soldiers loaded Hellfire air-to-surface missiles on AH-64 Apache helicopter (Source: China Defense News)

Future development of air-to-air missiles

For the future development trend of air-to-air missiles, some analysts believe that the focus will be on two directions: first, the size and weight of the missile body will be greatly reduced while maintaining the existing range; Another development trend is to greatly increase the range while maintaining the size and weight of the existing projectile. What key factors do you think will be covered in the future development of air-to-air missiles? How will air-to-air missiles become operational multipliers and winning magic weapons in the future high confrontation environment?

Cao Weidong: Air-to-air missiles are mounted on airplanes, which affects the flexibility and range of airplanes to some extent. In the future, air-to-air missiles should have a long range and be able to strike each other outside the defense zone. The second is high precision, making a fuss about intelligence and letting the missile search for the target by itself. The third is to pay attention to the development of stealth, such as using composite materials or stealth materials to improve penetration ability.

(Yang Guangwang Military Channel reporter: Hu Wei)

　　Editor’s note:The beginning is related to the overall situation, and the beginning determines the future. Looking back on 2021, into 2022, the great changes in the world that have never happened in a century have accelerated its evolution. China has embarked on a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and embarked on a new road of catching up for the exam to achieve the goal of the second century. What kind of answers have been handed over in China for the first exam at the beginning of the 14 th Five-Year Plan? What are the highlights of economic and social development and people’s livelihood security? What structural and local problems need attention in the new era and new journey? What are the new and hard measures to implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern and promote high-quality development in various places? Yangguang. com specially launched a series of reports on the "14th Five-Year Plan", focusing on the new atmosphere and new thinking in the opening year from multiple angles.

　　Yang Guangwang Guizhou January 11 th newsThis is an era of "keywords"! When you think of people and things around you, you will unconsciously match some keywords.

　　Speaking of "GuiZhou", what do you associate with it? What are the key words in your heart?

　　In October 2021, colorful Guizhou hot words were released, and the "Guizhou hot words" with the highest praise from overseas audiences included: Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), National Big Data (Guizhou) Comprehensive Experimental Zone, Zunyi Conference, Guizhou Green Agricultural Products, etc.

　　Behind the "hot words" in 2021 is the road of high-quality development in Guizhou.

　　— — Consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively connecting with rural revitalization have been steadily advanced.

　　— — The economic growth rate has been in the forefront of the country for 10 consecutive years.

　　— — The growth rate of the digital economy has ranked first in the country for six consecutive years. Talking about big data must talk about Guizhou as an industry consensus.

　　— — The forest coverage rate reached 61.5%, and the excellent rate of water quality in the exit sections of major rivers remained at 100%.

　　Autumn scenery, Yanzhai Terrace, Rongjiang County, Qiandongnan Prefecture (photo by Yang Guangwang reporter Zhang Yijing)

　　Make every effort to revitalize the countryside.

　　"It is not difficult to win, but it is difficult for those who hold it."

　　2021 is the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", and it is also a crucial year to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link up with rural revitalization.

　　"When we pull out, we must pay attention to the whole angle above, and we must connect it and not let it burst." Xiao Yanfang, a worker, is making a product packaging box in the manual operation area of the poverty alleviation workshop of Kunbi DreamWorks, the resettlement site of Aitun immigrants in Beacon Street, Bijiang District, tongren city.

　　In 2020, Xiao Yanfang, who moved from Songtao to Aitun community, was originally worried that she could not find a satisfactory job. The news of recruiting employees in the poverty alleviation workshop of Kunbi DreamWorks introduced in Bijiang District caught her attention. After registration and skills training, Xiao Yanfang was successfully employed.

　　Workers in the poverty alleviation workshop of the lighthouse Aitun resettlement site in Bijiang District, tongren city are making packaging boxes (photo by Yang Guangwang, Ceng Jiang)

　　"It’s easier to work here, it’s convenient to take care of children, and it also lightens the burden on our family." Xiao Yanfang said.

　　The poverty alleviation workshop of Kunbi DreamWorks is a new employment model specially created for resettlement sites. The factory focuses on solving the employment problems of poor households, relocated households and disabled people in resettlement sites, so that most idle laborers can have jobs and income.

　　In 2021, Guizhou will do a good job in ensuring the employment service for rural laborers returning to their hometowns by taking online live broadcasts and offline special recruitment. By the end of November 2021, the human and social departments of the province had identified 2,239 employment assistance workshops (bases), with a total employment of 250,400 people; 755 employment and entrepreneurship service centers (points) were established in the relocation and resettlement communities in the province, which promoted employment for a total of 212,200 people.

　　Industrial development is the key to rural revitalization and opening up a new bureau.

　　Winter is the key period for planting Pseudostellaria heterophylla. In the planting base of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in Anshan Village, Kelou Town, Cengong County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, local villagers seized the favorable weather and were busy leveling the land, sowing seeds and fertilizing, and the fields in the mountains showed a busy scene.

　　At the planting base of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in Anshan Village, Kelou Town, Cengong County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, villagers are planting Pseudostellaria heterophylla (photo by Huang Yan from Yangguang. com)

　　"A faster day to dig medicinal materials can earn about 160 yuan, and a slower one has seventy or eighty dollars, and the income is not bad." Hu Dinge, a villager in anshan village who is busy sowing Radix Pseudostellariae in the planting base, said.

　　At present, Pseudostellaria heterophylla has become one of the important pillar industries in Kelou Town. The town has planted 6,700 mu of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, with an annual output of more than 1,400 tons and an output value of about 40 million yuan.

　　Based on the advantages of resources, focusing on market orientation and precise positioning, Guizhou Province has dug deep into the "characteristics", vigorously developed the cultivation of characteristic agricultural products and Chinese herbal medicines, continuously promoted the construction of "one township, one industry" and "one village, one product" characteristic industrial bases, and continuously broadened the channels for local people to increase their employment and income.

　　Guizhou’s "14th Five-Year Plan" puts forward that Guizhou Province will make every effort to consolidate and expand the achievements of tackling poverty, develop rural industries, improve rural living environment, build rural civilization, strengthen rural governance and promote rural revitalization.

　　Fully tapping the development value of big data and deep integration with rural revitalization is the time choice for Guizhou to achieve rural revitalization.

　　Ride the "Cloud" and "Break a New Path"

　　"Big data is applied to vegetables!" Entering Jiufeng Agricultural Expo Park in Wanshan District, tongren city, all kinds of intelligent equipment are creating a good growth environment for fruits, vegetables and other crops growing in greenhouses.

　　Wang Shouming, general manager of the park, said that Jiufeng Agricultural Expo Park relies on big data and uses a variety of intelligent equipment to build a digital agricultural workshop and accurately introduce new forms of smart agriculture, thus solving the pain points of scattered local agricultural development plots, lack of technology, lack of funds and low-end marketing in the past.

　　Aerial photography of Jiufeng Agricultural Expo Park in Wanshan District, tongren city (photo by Qian Changjiang from Yangguang. com)

　　"Big Data+Agriculture", "Big Data+Ecology", "Big Data+Intelligent Manufacturing" and "Big Data+Social Governance" … … "Number" integrates all trades, "wisdom" promotes everything, and "data", a new production factor, has become a powerful power source for Guizhou’s economic and social development, helping all walks of life and all fields to improve quality and efficiency.

　　They set up their own stage, sing operas separately, and are not open to each other. These used to be the old crux of the informationization construction of government departments. Nowadays, digital governance is not only a new means and tool, but also provides a new method and new way to improve the level of social governance.

　　In 2021, Guizhou Province fully implemented the construction of "digital government", and "one cloud, one network and one platform" was continuously optimized and improved. The data sharing and exchange platform realized the integration of provinces and cities, and the pilot provinces of national integrated online government service platform, national social credit system and big data integration development were accelerated, and the national public data resources development and utilization pilot tasks were fully completed. Guizhou government data opening is one of the five A-class regions in China.

　　"In the past, the department that changed the business license ran, and that department ran. Sometimes it ran back and forth a few times or said that the materials were poor." Duan Ying, a citizen of Guiyang, has been engaged in the clothing industry for many years. Due to the change of business location, his business license has been changed many times.

　　Intelligent government self-service counter in Guizhou Province (photo by reporter Zhou Wei from Yangguang. com)

　　"Now you can apply for it on the Guizhou government service network, and the related business can be done by yourself, which is much more convenient." Duan Ying said. After logging in to the "One Netcom Office" platform on the computer, the application conditions, application materials, handling procedures and other information can be seen at a glance, and relevant materials can be submitted as required, which saves time and effort.

　　In the 2021 national key city government data opening appraisal, Guiyang ranked fourth, second only to Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu; For six consecutive years, the growth rate of digital economy ranked first in China … …

　　Today’s Guizhou, walking into the countryside, can see that big data has put a "smart eye" on rural development, and a "smart core" on rural revitalization and ecological governance.

　　"Since October last year, I have obtained 3,912 yuan of carbon sink funds. I used this money to buy a new mobile phone for my children, which is convenient for them to go to class online. Planting trees can not only protect the ecological environment, but also increase our income." Wang Dexian, a representative of forest households in Tubu Village, Nayong County, said.

　　In order to transform the ecological value of the forest into economic value, Guizhou Province organized and implemented the project of precise poverty alleviation by carbon sequestration per plant, developed the big data platform of precise poverty alleviation by using big data technology, entered the tree information and basic information of poor households into the big data platform of precise poverty alleviation by carbon sequestration per plant in Guizhou Province, established databases of trees, carbon sequestration value and basic information of poor households, and mobilized individuals, enterprises, institutions and social groups to make purchases.

　　According to estimates, a tree with a DBH of about 5 cm has an annual carbon sink of about 10 kg, which can absorb 10 kg of carbon dioxide and release 7.5 kg of oxygen. According to the carbon sink of trees and the domestic and international carbon market prices, Guizhou Province determined that the annual carbon sink price of each tree was 3 yuan, which could be sold continuously for 6 years after development, and sustainable development after 6 years.

　　Talking about big data means talking about Guizhou, and talking about Guizhou means talking about "Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)".

　　Located in Dawodang, Pingtang County, Qiannan Prefecture, the 500-meter spherical radio telescope (FAST) is the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world, and is known as the "Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)". As a major national science and technology infrastructure, this giant eye for the sky and the heavy weapon of the country is located in the mountains, staring at the stars and exploring the universe.

　　At present, the actual observation time of FAST has reached 5370 hours, and its astronomical big data processing and astronomical research have achieved fruitful results: millisecond pulsars have been continuously discovered; Significant progress has been made in the measurement of interstellar magnetic field by FAST neutral hydrogen spectrum; Obtain the largest sample of fast radio burst events so far, and reveal the complete energy spectrum and its bimodal structure &hellip for the first time. …

　　In 2021, scientists achieved a number of important scientific research results relying on FAST. Based on the obvious advantages of ultra-high sensitivity, FAST has become a powerful tool for observing the sky in the field of medium and low frequency radio astronomy. In the future, FAST is planning to devote 1% of its observation time to primary and secondary school students all over the country, and scientists will cooperate with children to explore their own whimsy.

　　Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) (photo by Yang Guangwang and Li Qinghong)

　　Taking the FAST project operation as an opportunity to provide various security services, Guizhou Province has planned, built and built a number of major infrastructures, which has effectively promoted the rapid development of regional economy and society. In Kedu Town, Pingtang County, where the FAST project is located, with the "Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)" scenic spot and Kedu Town Astronomical Science Museum being built one after another, the town has gradually become the punching place of online celebrity. "Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)" has become a beautiful world-class business card in Guizhou.

　　The average annual temperature in Guizhou Province is about 15 degrees, and PM2.5 is below 30 all the year round. Guiyang is called "cool Guiyang" because of its cool weather. Thanks to its high altitude, low temperature, low electricity price and non-seismic zone, many enterprises have established their data centers in Guizhou Province. According to statistics, there are 23 key data centers in operation and under construction in Guizhou Province, with 4 million planning servers.

　　As the "China Computer Room", Guizhou, with its innate ecological advantages, has been attracting the digital economy industry to settle down, and has been making continuous efforts to integrate big data and big ecology, and to explore the deep combination of advanced technology of big data and ecological environment governance.

　　Green forest land turns into "golden treasure land"

　　In February 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out during his inspection in Guizhou that an excellent ecological environment is Guizhou’s greatest development advantage and competitive advantage.

　　On June 28, 2021, Libo Seven Small Arches Scenic Area was full of tourists (photo by Yao Xiandun from Yangguang. com)

　　As the first batch of national ecological civilization experimental zones, 30 reform achievements in Guizhou have been included in the national promotion list, and the Guiyang International Forum on Ecological Civilization has become an important exchange platform for spreading the ecological civilization thoughts of the top leaders.

　　The river turns from the flying edge of egrets, and clouds are born in the lack of green hills. Walking in the middle of Guizhou, I saw green mountains and green waters. How was this achievement achieved?

　　Keeping the two bottom lines of development and ecology, and taking macro-ecology as one of the three strategic actions, the concept of ecological civilization has become the highest consensus and conscious action of the broad masses of cadres and people in Guizhou.

　　In addition to the National Arbor Day on March 12 every year, there is a tradition of planting trees in Guizhou. On the first day of work after the Spring Festival every year, cadres and people of five levels in provinces, cities, counties and villages go up the mountain to carry out voluntary tree planting.

　　Flower farmers in Xingshi Town, Longli County, Qiannan Prefecture are cultivating and protecting Gerbera jamesonii (photo by Feng Xiaodong from Yangguang. com)

　　By the end of 2020, the forest coverage rate in Guizhou reached 61.51%, and the forest area was more than twice that of cultivated land. And the green forest has gradually produced compound benefits. In July 2021, the Guizhou Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government issued the Opinions on Accelerating the High-quality Development of the Under-forest Economy. The under-forest economy in Guizhou has undergone a new transformation from local exploration to provincial overall planning, from loose and disorderly to standardized and orderly, from pursuing short-term benefits to planning long-term development.

　　Qianqiu Village, Kunzhai Township, Nayong County, Bijie City, built a "green bank" according to local conditions, relying on the local landform of "two mountains and one river". Planting 2300 mu of agate red cherry in the dam area of the core valley, and interplanting 627 mu of tea seedlings under the cherry forest; 1100 mu of mulberry, 800 mu of Myrica rubra and 200 mu of chestnut are planted on the slopes on both sides of the valley.

　　There are a large number of wild Myrica rubra in Qianqiu Village of Nayong County. The local government introduced a variety of Myrica rubra named "Black Charcoal" from other places. By crossing with local Myrica rubra, a new variety with unique flavor was cultivated, which was deeply loved by tourists and large Myrica rubra growers from other places. In 2021, the total output of Myrica rubra in Qianqiu Village was 15,000 kg, and the sales amount was 270,000 yuan.

　　In December, 2021, according to the wishes of the masses and market demand, Qianqiu Village actively declared the expansion project, planting 260,000 bayberry plants on the original basis, with an additional planting area of more than 500 mu, which can drive villagers to find more than 300 people nearby and lay a solid foundation for deep processing of bayberry.

　　The mountain is still the same mountain, but it has changed.

　　Tongzi County, Zunyi City is the "Hometown of Bambusa bambusa in Dalou Mountain, China", with more than 200,000 mu of native Bambusa bambusa. Based on resource endowment, the county has developed Bambusa bambusa as "one county and one industry", focusing on building 1 million mu of Bambusa bambusa. In 2021, the county produced about 55,000 tons of bamboo shoots with an output value of 650 million yuan.

　　Tongzi County has built the Bambusa bambusa industry into a "green bank" (photo by Yang Maohua from Yangguang. com)

　　After years of returning farmland to forests, planting trees and making bamboo, the county has a forest area of 2.88 million mu and a forest coverage rate of 60%. Thanks to the dense forest vegetation, the thick negative oxygen ions in Shanbao community of Jiuba Town seeped into the heart and spleen, making people feel suddenly enlightened. Local villagers take the initiative to give full play to the advantages of "forest villages" and vigorously develop forest tourism. Every year, tens of thousands of tourists choose to stay in Shanbao community for health and summer vacation.

　　"Customers feel particularly good when they see that our home is surrounded by trees. There are more than 70 beds in the family, and no one lives. " Chen Mingfen, a villager’s hostel operator in Red Lantern Township, Shanbao Community, Jiuba Town, Tongzi County, said.

　　To make green mountains and green waters grow in value, we should try our best to maintain a fine balance between economic development and ecological environment, and take the road of ecological priority and green development.

　　In this red land of Guizhou, we have made good use of red cultural resources, adhered to the two bottom lines of development and ecology, and embarked on a road of high-quality development in line with our own reality. Guizhou has opened a new era in history.

　　Take the Long March Road in the New Era

　　"Miaolingxiu, the rising sun; Birds crow and report the Spring Festival; Zunyi Conference shines brilliantly, and the whole party and army celebrate … …” Walking into the Red Army Street in Zunyi, you can often see a group of old people wearing red army uniforms and red military caps, singing loudly.

　　"Zunyi is an old revolutionary area. We have been exposed to red culture since childhood and have the responsibility to continue to pass it on!" Luo Guanghua, a 71-year-old citizen of Zunyi, sang red songs for 17 years in a row. Before retiring, she was always seen every time the unit organized a chorus. After retirement, she turned her hobby into a "career".

　　From the great turning point of Zunyi Conference to the "broken horseshoes" at Loushanguan, for the victory of China Revolution, Guizhou became the province with the longest activity time, the widest activity area and the most major events during the Long March of the Central Red Army.

　　Zunyi Conference Site (photo by Yang Guangwang reporter Zhou Wei)

　　Zunyi Conference is a key chapter in the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s century-old history.

　　In February, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited and consoled the cadres and masses of all ethnic groups in Guizhou, and pointed out, "The distinctive feature of Zunyi Conference is to uphold the truth, correct mistakes, establish the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and creatively formulate and implement strategic strategies in line with the characteristics of the China revolution. This is still of great significance today. "

　　In tuanjie village, Pingzheng Gelao Township, Bozhou District, Zunyi City, Huang Dafa, a Communist party member, led more than 200 people for more than 30 years since the 1960s, and with the help of hoes, steel drills, hammers and hands, abruptly cut a 9,400-meter-long "natural canal" on the precipice, ending the long-term history of local water shortage. Nowadays, a wooden plank road has been built beside the channel, and farmhouses and homestays have been opened in the village one after another. Every year, the number of people visiting the village for study and leisure travel exceeds 300,000.

　　Huang Dafa often said, "Can Communist party member be afraid of sacrifice? Those martyrs have to take their bodies to block the loopholes, and we must have this spirit when we do things. "

　　"The people of Zunyi have comforted the spirits who have been buried in this land with practical actions." Wei Shuwang, secretary of Zunyi Municipal Party Committee, said that the spirit of Zunyi Conference is a precious spiritual wealth of the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China, and it has always been the spiritual strength of Zunyi people to overcome difficulties and move towards victory.

　　Looking at the whole of Guizhou, the red gene has been passed down from generation to generation, and the children of all ethnic groups have always bravely moved forward.

　　From Dingyun Commune "taking the lead in carrying out the production quota to the group", people in Daguan Village "digging for thousands of years to make rice and grain rivers", to Deng Yingxiang &hellip, a "female foolish man"; … Time flies, things change, and only cadres and the masses have a consistent will to work hard and be self-reliant, and their fighting spirit to overcome difficulties and strive for strength is increasingly high.

　　Once Guizhou was often labeled by the outside world as "there is no sunny day for three days, no flat land for three miles and no silver for people".

　　Under the leadership of the Party, Guizhou has achieved great historical changes from poverty and poverty to a well-off society in an all-round way, from lagging development to catching up and surpassing. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the profound historical changes in Guizhou have been praised by the Supreme Leader General Secretary as "a microcosm of the great strides made by the party and the state".

　　A new starting point, a new long March. Today, Guizhou is continuing to carry forward the spirit of Zunyi Conference, carry forward the red blood, firmly adhere to the two bottom lines of development and ecology, carry out the three strategic actions of rural revitalization, big data and big ecology in depth, take the overall situation as a whole with high-quality development, and March forward courageously on the Long March in the new era.

　　Master planner: Feng Yu, Zhang Jun.

　　Chief producer: Wu Gang Xia Lingyun

　　Coordinator: Tao Yude

　　Reporter: Zhou Xian, Zhang Yijing and Ren Zhenguo (intern reporter)

　　Editor: Zhang Wei and Li Xiaoran

　　Video: Ren Zhenguo

Original SME SME technology story

Source: Slate

Author: Daniel Engber

Translation: SME science and technology story

About 50 years ago, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) began to enter our food supply chain. By 1984, almost all soda producers in the United States had adopted high fructose syrup as a cheap substitute for sugar.

Ten years ago, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) accounted for almost half of all added sugar in American diet, but this situation has changed a lot in recent ten years.

The fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in most cola ingredient lists on the market now refers to high fructose corn syrup.

In April, 2009, PepsiCo announced that it would give up this classic American sweetener, and at the same time, it introduced three new beverages: natural Pepsi, retro Pepsi and Mountain Dew Pepsi-all of which used a "natural" mixture of sugarcane and beet sugar to increase the sweetness.

Following the pace of Pepsi, Snapple Beverage also launched the most expensive advertising campaign in history to promote their new "natural" tea beverage brewed with "real" sucrose. In addition, brands such as Pizza Hut, Kraft Foods and ConAgra made similar changes in the following months.

"Natural Pepsi"

Although the Corn Refiners Association has spent $30 million on a series of media publicity activities, it has failed to reverse this trend.

There are three main reasons for opposing the use of high fructose corn syrup: just like people’s resistance to trans fats and artificial food dyes, high fructose corn syrup is accused of being unhealthy, unnatural and unpalatable. (These three statements are described as Hippocratic, Platonic and Epicurean food movements …)

From 1966 to 2013, the per capita consumption of sugar and corn sweeteners in the United States (the green data is corn syrup)

Although these statements are not completely wrong, none of them are absolutely correct.

People’s fear of high fructose corn syrup stems from the concern about the health impact of fructose (one of its main components). Under normal circumstances, after the human body ingests glucose, the body will release chemicals that regulate food intake, prompting us to stop overeating. However, fructose intake hardly inhibits our appetite, and it is also related to the formation of new fat cells.

More and more studies have made some scientists wonder whether the increase in fructose intake in the past few decades may be the root cause of the increase in obesity rate.

An important study in the Journal of Clinical Investigation revealed more conclusive evidence against the excessive use of fructose. Researchers in California recruited a group of volunteers, who were divided into two groups to drink a drink every meal for ten weeks.

The difference is that one group drinks soda with fructose, while the other group drinks soda with glucose. The experimental results showed that both groups of volunteers gained weight, but the subjects who ingested fructose had more visceral fat, which attached to our organs and was related to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

The results also showed that the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the fructose group was higher and the insulin sensitivity was lower.

However, there is a defect in this experimental study, that is, fructose is much sweeter than glucose, so in the real world, a small amount of fructose can be worth a large dose of glucose.

Protesters boycotting Coca-Cola are marching.

To sum up, we have every reason to believe that fructose is more harmful to human body than glucose.

But "high fructose corn syrup is more harmful to human body than other high calorie sweeteners", which is another doubt that needs scientific verification. Although it has "high fructose" in its name, its fructose content is actually not much higher than sucrose.

What we are used to adding to coffee is sucrose, which is a compound with half fructose and half glucose. The high fructose corn syrup in general soft drinks is a mixture of 55% fructose and 42% glucose. If fructose is the root of all evil, then high fructose corn syrup will only be "a little more evil" than sucrose.

Structural formulas of fructose (left) and glucosaccharose (right)

In fact, the experiment in the Journal of Clinical Research did not distinguish between the two sweeteners. They believe that corn syrup and sucrose may be equally harmful because both contain a lot of fructose: "More research is needed to compare the long-term effects of high fructose corn syrup, sucrose and 100% fructose."

There may be other reasons for blaming obesity on high fructose corn syrup in the United States. According to an article by Michael Pollan, the emergence of high fructose corn syrup enables cheap corn that can get agricultural subsidies to be converted into equally cheap sugar. Therefore, foods containing a lot of calories are produced at low cost, which in turn leads to the obesity of all Americans.

But if corn is not so cheap and plentiful, people may reduce their intake of sweeteners. The price of corn syrup is artificially depressed due to agricultural subsidies, but the prices of other sweeteners are artificially raised due to tariffs and quotas on imported sucrose and refined sugar. In other words, if all subsidies and trade restrictions are abolished, we will still have a lot of cheap sugar to provide the same calories for food.

"Comparison chart of sugar content of various beverages" widely circulated on the Internet.

As Tom Philpott pointed out in his book Grist, you don’t need high fructose corn syrup to increase the American obesity rate: the Australian food industry has also led to similar data, although their food industry is mainly based on sucrose.

It is generally believed that high fructose corn syrup is not as "natural" as other forms of sugar, which undoubtedly aggravates the bad reputation of high fructose corn syrup. "Anything natural is healthy, and anything man-made is unhealthy." This view is actually very unscientific and stupid.

If fructose is really the problem, we should avoid using pure natural sweeteners in food. For example, concentrated apple juice or pear juice contains as much as 2/3 fructose, which is more harmful to health than high fructose corn syrup. (Raw natural agave nectar may be more dangerous, and its fructose content is as high as 90%)

One of the most obvious examples is that there are too many poisonous "natural things" in nature.

In fact, how to classify high fructose corn syrup is also a headache.

Theoretically, this syrup is made from natural products grown in the soil, but people are used to classifying it as artificial products. The main reason is that a series of chemicals need to be added to convert corn starch into fructose and glucose (two of these chemicals can transfer trace mercury to the final product). Moreover, a toxic synthetic fixative called glutaraldehyde is occasionally used in one step of this process.

Because of the above reasons, some consumers have tried to sue soda producers many times-because they promote sweet products containing high fructose corn syrup as "pure natural". In 2007, the manufacturers of 7Up and Capri Sun changed the wording of their product labels when faced with legal proceedings.

In 2008, a similar lawsuit against Snapple was dismissed. At that time, the judge thought that the issue of corn syrup was best left to the officials of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to judge and deal with. The FDA finally made a ruling in favor of corn refiners and soda producers. According to the official statement, high fructose corn syrup can be considered as "natural" as long as glutaraldehyde does not come into physical contact with syrup.

Diet coke, which is all the rage.

However, this ruling did not convince the public. The food industry continues to cling to the idea that corn syrup is fake, while sucrose and beet sugar are real. This has led the manufacturers of new sweetened soft drinks to inevitably promote and sell their "pure natural ingredients"-according to the survey of Mintel Market Research Group, "pure natural" began to become the most popular propaganda word for enterprises in 2008, appearing on 23% of new food and beverage labels.

These marketing activities cater to an unproven general view that high fructose corn syrup has an unpleasant taste. (A famous food blog claimed that "apart from science, the taste of sugar is undoubtedly better") Snapple’s vice president of marketing also announced that the company’s decision to change the sweetener "is ultimately to provide a better taste".

The editor of BevNet.com, an industry publication, said that sucrose has a "completely different and cleaner taste … after you drink it, there will be no syrup in your mouth."

However, some flavor experts are skeptical. They pointed out that the formula of high fructose corn syrup had been accurately calibrated before it was added to soft drinks in the 1980s, in order to completely imitate the taste of sucrose. A spokesman for the Coca-Cola Company also insisted that there was no obvious difference between the tastes of the two drinks.

The scientific community has tried to evaluate the relative taste of pure sugar. A study in 1996 found that fructose, glucose and sucrose could not be distinguished as long as the dose matched the sweetness. Other studies have shown that the taste of fructose comes more rapidly, while the taste of glucose is slowly established and tends to last for a long time. But there is no authoritative research to compare the flavor of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup.

Coke producer: "Happiness is the most important thing."

Nevertheless, a large number of reports circulating in the street show that people can really tell the difference between cola with sucrose and cola with high fructose corn syrup. What we don’t know is whether one of them is really better than the other.

In the street survey conducted by Toronto Star, most passers-by prefer ordinary coke to sucrose or diet coke. Snapple’s testers have encountered similar puzzles: some people describe the version of high fructose corn syrup as "more natural", while others think that the pure natural version has an annoying "chemical taste".

To sum up, we can draw the following conclusions. High fructose corn syrup is not healthy, but there is no reason to think that it is worse than sucrose or beet sugar; At least according to American officials, high fructose corn syrup is as "natural" as other sweeteners. Although the taste of high fructose corn syrup seems to be slightly different from pure sucrose, many people still like it.

Which do you prefer, Pepsi or Coca Cola?

Therefore, you can convince hypochondriacs with the first conclusion, convince environmentalists with the second conclusion, and defeat gourmets with the third conclusion. But in the final analysis, what is healthy and unhealthy should be the result of scientists’ experiments; What tastes good and what doesn’t taste good varies with everyone’s different tastes.

Merchants can adjust their product strategies according to scientific research or public preferences, but if they cross the border and try to manipulate the public’s preference for food selection by using pseudo-scientific theory, it will be too much.

Original link:

https://slate.com/technology/2009/04/the-decline-and-fall-of-high-fructose-corn-syrup.html